The General Approach to Genetically Modified Food

Year 2010, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 91 - 100, 01.06.2010

Şebnem Pamuk

Abstract

Keywords

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Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Gıdalara Genel Bir Yaklaşım

Abstract

Geneti i de i tirilmi organizmalar (GDO), organizmanın gen diziliminin de i tirilmesi ya da gen aktarımı ile kendi do asında bulunmayan bir özellik kazandırılmasıyla olu an ürünlerdir. Bu ürünlere transgenik ürünler, teknolojiye ise rekombinant DNA teknolojisi denmektedir. Geli tirilen modern biyoteknoloji teknikleri ile canlıların genetik yapısında 1970li yıllarından itibaren, geleneksel ıslah metodları ile do al üreme-ço alma süreçleriyle elde edilemeyen de i iklikler yapılması mümkün olmu tur. Modern biyoteknoloji; do al fizyolojik ço alma ve rekombinasyon engellerini ortadan kaldıran in vitro nükleik asit tekniklerinin (rekombinant DNA, nükleik asitlerin hücre veya organellere do rudan enjeksiyonu, farklı taksonomik gruplar arasında uygulanan hücre füzyonu gibi) tamamı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bir canlı türüne ba ka bir canlı türünden gen aktarılması veya mevcut genetik yapıya müdahele edilmesi yoluyla yeni genetik özellikler kazandırılmasını sa layan modern biyoteknoloji tekniklerine ise gen teknolojisi denmektedir. Gen teknolojisi kullanılarak do al süreçler ile edinilmesi mümkün olmayan yeni özellikler kazandırılmı organizmalar ise, GDO olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Transgenik ise, gen aktarımı yolu ile yeni gen ya da genler kazandırılmı ürünler için kullanılan bir terimdir

Keywords

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