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First Report of Escherichia coli O157 From Traditional Turkish Dairy Product Kaymak

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 11 - 17, 01.03.2018

Abstract

The aim of this study was to isolate the E. coli O157:H7/H- serotype from traditional Turkish dairy product kaymak sold in Afyonkarahisar, investigate the Stx1, Stx2, ehlyA and eaeA genes in isolated strains by PCR and determine the antibiotic resistance of strains to some antibiotics commonly used in Turkey. For this purpose, a total of 100 kaymak samples sold in public bazaars located center town and villages of Afyonkarahisar were collected. E. coli O157 was isolated from 3 of 100 samples by using conventional culture methods and serological confirmation tests. The presence of Stx1, Stx2, ehlyA and eaeA genes in the isolated 3 strains was investigated by PCR. While all of 3 strains harboured the Stx1 and ehlyA genes, the Stx2 and eaeA genes were not found in the strains. The antibiotic resistance of strains was investigated by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test. While all of strains were resistant to cephazoline, cefoxitin and ceftiofur, the resistance was also determined in the strains to ampicillin (66.7%), cephalothin (66.7%), ceftriaxone (33.3%), nalidixic acid (33.3%) and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (33.3%). The present study is the first investigation showing the presence of E. coli O157 and its virulence genes in the kaymak in Turkey.

References

  • Karmali MA, Gannon V, Sargeant JM. Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). Vet Microbiol. 2010; 140: 360-370.
  • Ko H, Maymani H, Rojas-Hernandez C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in older adults: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2016; 10: 1-4.
  • Chapman PA, Siddons CA, Wright DJ, Norman P, Fox J, Crick E. Cattle as a possible source of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 infections in man. Epidemiol Infect. 1993; 111: 439-447. Upton P, Coia J. Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infection associated with pasteurised milk supply. Lancet. 1994; 344: 1015.
  • Kiranmayi CB, Krishnaiah N, Mallika EN. Escherichia coli O157:H7-An emerging pathogen in foods of animal origin. Vet World. 2010; 3: 382-389.
  • Bergan J, Lingelem ABD, Simm R, Skotland T, Sandvig K. Shiga toxins. Toxicon. 2012; 60: 1085-1107. Ikeda K, Ida O, Kimoto K, Takatorige T, Nakanishi N, Tatara K. Effect of early fosfomycin treatment on prevention of hemolytic uremic syndrome accompanying Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection. Clin Nephrol. 1999; 52: 357-362.
  • Wong CS, Jelacic S, Habeeb RL, Watkins SL, Tarr PI. The risk of hemolytic-uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. New Eng J Med. 2000; 342: 1930-1936.
  • TGK. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Türk Gıda Kodeksi- Krema Ve Kaymak Tebliği. Tebliğ No: 2003/34, R.G. Tarihi: 27.09.2003 R.G. Sayısı: 25242. 2003. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2016).
  • Siriken B., Erol I. Microbiological and chemical quality of Afyon clotted cream. J Anim Vet Adv. 2009; 8: 2022-2026.
  • Şenel E. Some carbonyl compounds and free fatty acid composition of Afyon Kaymagı (clotted cream) and their effects on aroma and flavor. Grasas Aceites. 2011; 62: 418-427.
  • Şeker E, Yardımcı H. First isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from faecal and milk specimens from Anatolian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalus) in Turkey. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2008; 79: 167-170.
  • Otawa K, Sato M, Sasaki T, Sasaki H, Nonaka J, Ito K, Kuroki T, Nakai Y. Genetic analysis of shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from cattle in a limited region. Anim Sci J. 2004; 75: 261-269.
  • Osek J. Development of a multiplex PCR approach for the identification of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains and their major virulence factor genes. J Appl Microbiol. 2003; 95: 1217-1125.
  • Şeker E, Kuyucuoğlu Y, Sareyyüpoğlu B, Yardımcı H. PCR detection of Shiga toxins, enterohaemolysin and intimin virulence genes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from faeces of Anatolian Water Buffaloes in Turkey. Zoonoses Public Health. 2010; 57: e33–e37.
  • CLSI. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Twenty Third informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S23. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA, USA, 2013.
  • Rantsiou K, Alessandria V, Cocolin L. Prevalence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in food products of animal origin as determined by molecular methods. Int J Food Microbiol. 2012; 154: 37-43.
  • Sancak YC, Sancak H, Isleyici O, Durmaz H. Presence of Escherichia coli O157 and O157:H7 in raw milk and Van herby cheese. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2015; 59: 511-514.
  • Tanzifi P, Bahrami AR, Rahimi E. Study on antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7/NM isolated from raw bovine, camel, water buffalo, caprine and ovine milk. Res J Recent Sci. 2015; 4: 20-22.
  • Douëllou T, Delannoy S, Ganet S, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Fach P, Loukiadis E, Montel M, Thevenot-Sergennet D. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from dairy products - Genetic diversity and virulence gene profiles. Int J Food Microbiol. 2016; 232: 52-62.
  • İpekçioğlu V. Searching for some pathogenic bacteria in the Afyon kaymagi supplied to the market in Afyonkarahisar. MSc Thesis, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Institute of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, 2009.
  • Farrokh C, Jordan K, Auvray F, Glass K, Oppegaard H, Raynaud S, Thevenot D, Condron R, de Reu K, Govaris A, Heggum K, Heyndrickx M, Hummerjohann J, Lindsay D, Miszczycha S, Moussiegt S, Verstraete K, Cerf O. Review of shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and their significance in dairy production. Int J Food Microbiol. 2013; 162: 190-212.
  • Nobili G, Franconieri I, Basanisi MG, La Bella G, Tozzoli R, Caprioli A, La Salandra G. Short communication: Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw milk and mozzarella cheese in southern Italy. J Dairy Sci. 2016; 99: 7877-7780.
  • Berry ED, Cutter CN. Effect of acid adaptation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on efficacy of acetic acid spray washes to decontaminate beef carcass tissue. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000; 66: 1493-1498.
  • Rahimi E, Momtaz H, Anari MMH, Alimoradi M, Momeni M, Riahi M. Isolation and genomic characterization of Escherichia coli O157:NM and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in minced meat and some traditional dairy products in Iran. Afr J Biotechnol. 2012; 11: 2328-2332.
  • Momtaz H, Farzan R, Rahimi E, Dehkordi FS, Souod N. Molecular characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from ruminant and donkey raw milk samples and traditional dairy products in Iran. Sci World J. 2012; 2012: 231342.
  • Friedrich AW, Bielaszewska M, Zhang WL, Pulz M, Kuczius T, Ammon A, Karch H. Escherichia coli harboring Shiga toxin 2 gene variants: frequency and association with clinical symptoms. J Infect Dis. 2002; 185: 74-84.
  • Schmidt H, Scheef J, Huppertz HI, Frosch M, Karch H. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O157:H- strains that do not produce Shiga toxin: phenotypic and genetic characterization of isolates associated with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J Clin Microbiol. 1999; 37: 3491-3496.
  • Beutin L, Krause G, Zimmermann S, Kaulfuss S, Gleier K. Characterization of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from human patients in Germany over a 3-year period. J Clin Microbiol. 2004; 42: 1099-1108.
  • Karch H, Tarr PI, Bielaszewska M. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in human medicine. Int J Med Microbiol. 2005; 295: 405-418.
  • Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. Antibiotic resistance in the food chain: a developing country-perspective. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7: 1881.
  • Reuben RC, Okolocha EC, Bello M, Tanimu H. Occurrence and antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in locally fermented milk (Nono) sold under market conditions in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Int J Sci Res. 2013; 2: 591-598.

Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157'nin İlk Bildirimi

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 11 - 17, 01.03.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Afyonkarahisar'da satılan geleneksel bir Türk süt ürünü olan kaymaktan E. coli O157:H7/H- serotipinin izolasyonu, izole edilen suşlarda Stx1, Stx2, ehlyA ve eaeA genlerinin PZR ile araştırılması ve suşların Türkiye'de yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı antibiyotiklere karşı antibiyotik dirençliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, Afyonkarahisar'ın merkez ve köylerindeki halk pazarlarında satılan toplam 100 kaymak örneği toplandı. Konvansiyonel kültür yöntemleri ve serolojik doğrulama testleri kullanılarak 100 kaymak örneğinin 3'ünden E. coli O157 izole edildi. İzole edilen 3 suşta Stx1, Stx2, ehlyA ve eaeA genlerinin varlığı PZR ile araştırıldı. Üç suşun tamamı Stx1 ve ehlyA genlerine sahipken, suşlarda Stx2 ve eaeA genleri bulunmadı. Suşların antibiyotik dirençliliği Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon testi kullanılarak araştırıldı. Suşların tamamı sefazolin, sefoksitin ve seftiofura dirençli iken, suşlarda ayrıca ampisilin (%66,7), sefalothin (%66,7), seftriakson (%33,3), nalidiksik asit (%33,3) ve trimetoprim/sulfametoksazole (%33,3) karşı da direnç tespit edildi. Sunulan çalışma, Türkiye'de kaymaklarda E. coli O157'nin ve serotipin virulens genlerinin varlığını gösteren ilk araştırmadır.

References

  • Karmali MA, Gannon V, Sargeant JM. Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). Vet Microbiol. 2010; 140: 360-370.
  • Ko H, Maymani H, Rojas-Hernandez C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in older adults: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2016; 10: 1-4.
  • Chapman PA, Siddons CA, Wright DJ, Norman P, Fox J, Crick E. Cattle as a possible source of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 infections in man. Epidemiol Infect. 1993; 111: 439-447. Upton P, Coia J. Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infection associated with pasteurised milk supply. Lancet. 1994; 344: 1015.
  • Kiranmayi CB, Krishnaiah N, Mallika EN. Escherichia coli O157:H7-An emerging pathogen in foods of animal origin. Vet World. 2010; 3: 382-389.
  • Bergan J, Lingelem ABD, Simm R, Skotland T, Sandvig K. Shiga toxins. Toxicon. 2012; 60: 1085-1107. Ikeda K, Ida O, Kimoto K, Takatorige T, Nakanishi N, Tatara K. Effect of early fosfomycin treatment on prevention of hemolytic uremic syndrome accompanying Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection. Clin Nephrol. 1999; 52: 357-362.
  • Wong CS, Jelacic S, Habeeb RL, Watkins SL, Tarr PI. The risk of hemolytic-uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. New Eng J Med. 2000; 342: 1930-1936.
  • TGK. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Türk Gıda Kodeksi- Krema Ve Kaymak Tebliği. Tebliğ No: 2003/34, R.G. Tarihi: 27.09.2003 R.G. Sayısı: 25242. 2003. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2016).
  • Siriken B., Erol I. Microbiological and chemical quality of Afyon clotted cream. J Anim Vet Adv. 2009; 8: 2022-2026.
  • Şenel E. Some carbonyl compounds and free fatty acid composition of Afyon Kaymagı (clotted cream) and their effects on aroma and flavor. Grasas Aceites. 2011; 62: 418-427.
  • Şeker E, Yardımcı H. First isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from faecal and milk specimens from Anatolian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalus) in Turkey. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2008; 79: 167-170.
  • Otawa K, Sato M, Sasaki T, Sasaki H, Nonaka J, Ito K, Kuroki T, Nakai Y. Genetic analysis of shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from cattle in a limited region. Anim Sci J. 2004; 75: 261-269.
  • Osek J. Development of a multiplex PCR approach for the identification of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains and their major virulence factor genes. J Appl Microbiol. 2003; 95: 1217-1125.
  • Şeker E, Kuyucuoğlu Y, Sareyyüpoğlu B, Yardımcı H. PCR detection of Shiga toxins, enterohaemolysin and intimin virulence genes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from faeces of Anatolian Water Buffaloes in Turkey. Zoonoses Public Health. 2010; 57: e33–e37.
  • CLSI. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Twenty Third informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S23. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA, USA, 2013.
  • Rantsiou K, Alessandria V, Cocolin L. Prevalence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in food products of animal origin as determined by molecular methods. Int J Food Microbiol. 2012; 154: 37-43.
  • Sancak YC, Sancak H, Isleyici O, Durmaz H. Presence of Escherichia coli O157 and O157:H7 in raw milk and Van herby cheese. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2015; 59: 511-514.
  • Tanzifi P, Bahrami AR, Rahimi E. Study on antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7/NM isolated from raw bovine, camel, water buffalo, caprine and ovine milk. Res J Recent Sci. 2015; 4: 20-22.
  • Douëllou T, Delannoy S, Ganet S, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Fach P, Loukiadis E, Montel M, Thevenot-Sergennet D. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from dairy products - Genetic diversity and virulence gene profiles. Int J Food Microbiol. 2016; 232: 52-62.
  • İpekçioğlu V. Searching for some pathogenic bacteria in the Afyon kaymagi supplied to the market in Afyonkarahisar. MSc Thesis, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Institute of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, 2009.
  • Farrokh C, Jordan K, Auvray F, Glass K, Oppegaard H, Raynaud S, Thevenot D, Condron R, de Reu K, Govaris A, Heggum K, Heyndrickx M, Hummerjohann J, Lindsay D, Miszczycha S, Moussiegt S, Verstraete K, Cerf O. Review of shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and their significance in dairy production. Int J Food Microbiol. 2013; 162: 190-212.
  • Nobili G, Franconieri I, Basanisi MG, La Bella G, Tozzoli R, Caprioli A, La Salandra G. Short communication: Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw milk and mozzarella cheese in southern Italy. J Dairy Sci. 2016; 99: 7877-7780.
  • Berry ED, Cutter CN. Effect of acid adaptation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on efficacy of acetic acid spray washes to decontaminate beef carcass tissue. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000; 66: 1493-1498.
  • Rahimi E, Momtaz H, Anari MMH, Alimoradi M, Momeni M, Riahi M. Isolation and genomic characterization of Escherichia coli O157:NM and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in minced meat and some traditional dairy products in Iran. Afr J Biotechnol. 2012; 11: 2328-2332.
  • Momtaz H, Farzan R, Rahimi E, Dehkordi FS, Souod N. Molecular characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from ruminant and donkey raw milk samples and traditional dairy products in Iran. Sci World J. 2012; 2012: 231342.
  • Friedrich AW, Bielaszewska M, Zhang WL, Pulz M, Kuczius T, Ammon A, Karch H. Escherichia coli harboring Shiga toxin 2 gene variants: frequency and association with clinical symptoms. J Infect Dis. 2002; 185: 74-84.
  • Schmidt H, Scheef J, Huppertz HI, Frosch M, Karch H. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O157:H- strains that do not produce Shiga toxin: phenotypic and genetic characterization of isolates associated with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J Clin Microbiol. 1999; 37: 3491-3496.
  • Beutin L, Krause G, Zimmermann S, Kaulfuss S, Gleier K. Characterization of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from human patients in Germany over a 3-year period. J Clin Microbiol. 2004; 42: 1099-1108.
  • Karch H, Tarr PI, Bielaszewska M. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in human medicine. Int J Med Microbiol. 2005; 295: 405-418.
  • Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. Antibiotic resistance in the food chain: a developing country-perspective. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7: 1881.
  • Reuben RC, Okolocha EC, Bello M, Tanimu H. Occurrence and antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in locally fermented milk (Nono) sold under market conditions in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Int J Sci Res. 2013; 2: 591-598.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Didem Sağlam This is me

Esra Şeker

Publication Date March 1, 2018
Acceptance Date December 4, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sağlam, D., & Şeker, E. (2018). Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 11(1), 11-17.
AMA Sağlam D, Şeker E. Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi. kvj. March 2018;11(1):11-17.
Chicago Sağlam, Didem, and Esra Şeker. “Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia Coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11, no. 1 (March 2018): 11-17.
EndNote Sağlam D, Şeker E (March 1, 2018) Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11 1 11–17.
IEEE D. Sağlam and E. Şeker, “Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi”, kvj, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 11–17, 2018.
ISNAD Sağlam, Didem - Şeker, Esra. “Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia Coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11/1 (March 2018), 11-17.
JAMA Sağlam D, Şeker E. Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi. kvj. 2018;11:11–17.
MLA Sağlam, Didem and Esra Şeker. “Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia Coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 11, no. 1, 2018, pp. 11-17.
Vancouver Sağlam D, Şeker E. Geleneksel Türk Süt Ürünü Kaymaktan Escherichia coli O157’nin İlk Bildirimi. kvj. 2018;11(1):11-7.

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