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Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 18 - 23, 01.03.2018

Abstract

Konjunktiva ile iliĢkili lenfoid doku (CALT), gözün en önemli aksesuar bileĢenlerinden biridir. Bu çalıĢma, sağlıklı develerde konjunktiva ile iliĢkili lenfoid dokunun histolojik dağılımını ve karakteristik özelliklerini ıĢık mikroskobu tekniğiyle ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı. ÇalıĢmada toplam 5 adet (13-19 yaĢ aralığında) deveye ait alt ve üst göz kapağı kullanıldı. CALT’a ait genel makroskobik görünüm asetik asit uygulamasıyla ortaya konuldu. Tüm develerde CALT’ın en önemli elemanları olan ve soliter ve agregat lenf foliküllerinin varlığı tespit edildi. Foliküllerin üzerlerinin folikülle iliĢkili epitel (FAE) olarak bilinen ve intra epiteliyal lenfositleri barındıran, kadeh hücrelerinin görülmediği ince, yassılaĢmıĢ epitel ile örtülü olduğu görüldü. Buna ek olarak, lenf foliküllerinin germinal merkez, korona, dom bölgesi ve inter foliküler alanlardan meydana geldiği fark edildi. Ġnterfoliküler alanlarda CALT en önemli karakteristik özelliklerinden bir olan, yüksek endotelli venüllerin varlığı ortaya konuldu. Sonuç olarak, deve CALT’ının sahip olduğu belirleyici özellikleriyle diğer mukozal lenfoid dokularla oldukça yüksek benzelikler göterdiği ve oküler savunma mekanizması içerisinde önemli bir rol oynadığı kanısına varıldı.

References

  • Agnifili L, Mastropasqua R, Fasanella V, Di Staso S, Mastropasqua, A, Brescia L, Mastropasqua, L. In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in healthy humans ın vivo confocal microscopy of CALT. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2014; 55(8): 5254-5262.
  • Ambroziak AM, Szaflik J, Szaflik JP, Ambroziak M, Witkiewicz J, Skopiński P. Immunomodulation on the ocular surface: a review. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2016; 41(2): 195-208.
  • Anderson ND, Anderson AO, Wyllie RG. Specialized structure and metabolic activities of high endothelial venules in rat lymphatic tissues. Immunol. 1976; 31:455-473.
  • Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H, Özen A. Electron microscopic studies on conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue(CALT) in Angora goats. Dtsc Tierarztl Wschr. 2000a; 107: 196-198.
  • Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H, Özen A. Light microscopic studies on the conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) of Angora goats. AÜ Vet Fak Derg. 2000b; 47: 31-37.
  • Bayraktaroğlu AG, Aştı RN. Light and electron microscopic studies on conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in cattle. Revue Med Vet. 2009; 160(5): 252-257.
  • Bayraktaroğlu A, Ergün E, Beyaz F, Ertuğrul T. Ankara tavĢanında konjunktiva ile iliĢkili lenfoid doku. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 7(1): 21-27.
  • Bayraktaroğlu AG, Korkmaz D, Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H. Conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue in the ostrich (Struthio camelus). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 17(1): 89-94.
  • Beyaz F. M cells: membranous epithelial cells. Erciyes Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2004; 1: 133-138.
  • Cain C, Phillips TE. Developmental changes in conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue of the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008; 49(2): 644-649.
  • Chodosh J, Kennedy RC. The conjunctival lymphoid follicles in mucosal immunology. DNA Cell Biol. 2002; 21: 421-433.
  • Chodosh J, Nordquist RE, Kennedy RC. Comparative anatomy of mammalian conjunctival lymphoid tissue: a putative mucosal immune site. Dev Comp Immunol. 1998; 22: 621-630.
  • Crossmon G. A modification of Mallory’s connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat. Rec. 1937; 241: 155.
  • Fahmy LS, Hegazy, AA, Abdelhamid MA, Hatem ME, Shamaa AA. Studies on eye affections among camels in Egypt: clinical and bacteriological studies. Scientific Journal of King Faisal University (Basic and Applied Sciences). 2003; 4(2): 14-24.
  • Fix AS, Arp LH. Morphologic characterization of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in chickens. Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 1852-1859.
  • Girard JP, Springer TA. High endothelial venules (HEVs): specialized endothelium for lymphocyte migration. Immunol Today. 1995; 16 (9): 449–457.
  • Guiliano EA, Moore CP, Phillips TE. Morphological evidence of M cells in healthy canine conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue. Greafes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002; 240: 220-226.
  • Hannant D. Mucosal immunology: overview and potential in the veterinary species. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2002; 87: 265-267.
  • Kessing SV. Mucous gland system of the conjunctiva. A quantitative normal anatomical study. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl. 1967; 95: 91.
  • Klećkowska‐Nawrot JE, Goździewska‐Harłajczuk K, Łupicki D, Marycz K, Nawara T, Barszcz K, Łukaszewicz E. The differences in the eyelids microstructure and the conjunctiva‐associated lymphoid tissue between selected ornamental and wild birds as a result of adaptation to their habitat. Acta Zool. 2017; 00: 1-28.
  • Knop E, Knop N. Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in the human eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000; 41: 1270-1279.
  • Knop E, Knop N. A functional unit for ocular surface immune defense formed by the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002; 506: 835-844.
  • Knop E, Knop N. The role of eye-associated lymphoid tissue in corneal immune protection. J Anat. 2005a; 206: 271-285.
  • Knop E, Knop N. Influence of the eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT) on inflammatory ocular surface disease. Ocul Surf. 2005b; 3:180-187.
  • Liebler-Tenorio E, Pabst R. MALT structure and function in farm animals. Vet Res. 2006; 37: 257-280.
  • Neutra MR, Pringault E, Kraehenbuhl JP. Antigen sampling across epithelial barriers and induction of mucosal immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol. 1996; 14: 275-300.
  • Ruskell GL. Organization and cytology of lymphoid in the cynomolgus monkey conjunctiva. Anat Rec. 1995; 243: 153-164.
  • Russell MW, Martin MH, Wu H, Hollingshead SK, Moldoveanu Z, Mestecky J. Strategies immunization againts mucosal infections. Vaccines. 2000; 19: 122-127.
  • Sakimoto T, Shoji J, Inada N, Saito K, Iwasaki Y, Sawa M. Histological study of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in mouse. Japanese J Ophthalmol. 2002; 46: 364-369.
  • Sandıkçı M, Eren Ü, Kum S. Alphanaphthyl acetate esterase activity in the spleen, lymph nodes and conjunctivaassociated lymphoid tissues of camels (Camelus dro-medarius). Revue Med Vet. 2005; 156: 99-103.
  • Siebelmann S, Gehlsen U, Hüttmann G, Koop N, Bölke T, Gebert A, Steven P. Development, alteration and real time dynamics of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue. PloS one. 2013; 8(12):1-13.
  • Steven P, Gebert A. Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue – current knowledge, animal models and experimental prospects. Ophthalmic Res. 2009; 42: 2-8.
  • Zhang XF, Li SX, Li H, Dou SY, Zhang WD, Jia S, Wang WH. IgA and IgG secreting cells in CALT of Bactrian camel. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science. 2016; 2: 1-32.
  • Zhivov A, Stachs O, Kraak R, Stave J, Guthoff RF. In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface. Ocul Surf. 2006; 4: 81-93.

A Light Microscopic Study: Conjunctiva-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Camel

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 18 - 23, 01.03.2018

Abstract

Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) is one of the most important accessory component of the eye. This study was undertaken to demostrate the histological distribution and characteristic features of CALT in healhty camels using light microscopy technique. A total upper and lower eyelids of 5 (age range, 13-19) camels were investigated. The gross appearance of CALT were revealed by acetic acid application. Fully intact solitary and aggregated lymphoid follicles were observed as members of CALT in all camels. These follicles were covered by a thin, flattened epitehelium called follicular-associated epithelium (FAE) that contained intra epithelial lymphocytes and lacked goblet cells. In addition germinal centers, corona, subepithelial dome region and interfolliculer areas were noticed within the lymphoid follicles. The presence of high endothelial venules (HEV), a highly distinctive feature of CALT, was confirmed in interfollicular areas. We conclude that CALT of camel closely resembles other mucosal lymphoid tissues and may serve as an important member of ocular defense mechanism with its determinative features.

References

  • Agnifili L, Mastropasqua R, Fasanella V, Di Staso S, Mastropasqua, A, Brescia L, Mastropasqua, L. In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in healthy humans ın vivo confocal microscopy of CALT. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2014; 55(8): 5254-5262.
  • Ambroziak AM, Szaflik J, Szaflik JP, Ambroziak M, Witkiewicz J, Skopiński P. Immunomodulation on the ocular surface: a review. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2016; 41(2): 195-208.
  • Anderson ND, Anderson AO, Wyllie RG. Specialized structure and metabolic activities of high endothelial venules in rat lymphatic tissues. Immunol. 1976; 31:455-473.
  • Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H, Özen A. Electron microscopic studies on conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue(CALT) in Angora goats. Dtsc Tierarztl Wschr. 2000a; 107: 196-198.
  • Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H, Özen A. Light microscopic studies on the conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) of Angora goats. AÜ Vet Fak Derg. 2000b; 47: 31-37.
  • Bayraktaroğlu AG, Aştı RN. Light and electron microscopic studies on conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in cattle. Revue Med Vet. 2009; 160(5): 252-257.
  • Bayraktaroğlu A, Ergün E, Beyaz F, Ertuğrul T. Ankara tavĢanında konjunktiva ile iliĢkili lenfoid doku. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 7(1): 21-27.
  • Bayraktaroğlu AG, Korkmaz D, Aştı RN, Kurtdede N, Altunay H. Conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue in the ostrich (Struthio camelus). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 17(1): 89-94.
  • Beyaz F. M cells: membranous epithelial cells. Erciyes Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2004; 1: 133-138.
  • Cain C, Phillips TE. Developmental changes in conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue of the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008; 49(2): 644-649.
  • Chodosh J, Kennedy RC. The conjunctival lymphoid follicles in mucosal immunology. DNA Cell Biol. 2002; 21: 421-433.
  • Chodosh J, Nordquist RE, Kennedy RC. Comparative anatomy of mammalian conjunctival lymphoid tissue: a putative mucosal immune site. Dev Comp Immunol. 1998; 22: 621-630.
  • Crossmon G. A modification of Mallory’s connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat. Rec. 1937; 241: 155.
  • Fahmy LS, Hegazy, AA, Abdelhamid MA, Hatem ME, Shamaa AA. Studies on eye affections among camels in Egypt: clinical and bacteriological studies. Scientific Journal of King Faisal University (Basic and Applied Sciences). 2003; 4(2): 14-24.
  • Fix AS, Arp LH. Morphologic characterization of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in chickens. Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 1852-1859.
  • Girard JP, Springer TA. High endothelial venules (HEVs): specialized endothelium for lymphocyte migration. Immunol Today. 1995; 16 (9): 449–457.
  • Guiliano EA, Moore CP, Phillips TE. Morphological evidence of M cells in healthy canine conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue. Greafes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002; 240: 220-226.
  • Hannant D. Mucosal immunology: overview and potential in the veterinary species. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2002; 87: 265-267.
  • Kessing SV. Mucous gland system of the conjunctiva. A quantitative normal anatomical study. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl. 1967; 95: 91.
  • Klećkowska‐Nawrot JE, Goździewska‐Harłajczuk K, Łupicki D, Marycz K, Nawara T, Barszcz K, Łukaszewicz E. The differences in the eyelids microstructure and the conjunctiva‐associated lymphoid tissue between selected ornamental and wild birds as a result of adaptation to their habitat. Acta Zool. 2017; 00: 1-28.
  • Knop E, Knop N. Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in the human eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000; 41: 1270-1279.
  • Knop E, Knop N. A functional unit for ocular surface immune defense formed by the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002; 506: 835-844.
  • Knop E, Knop N. The role of eye-associated lymphoid tissue in corneal immune protection. J Anat. 2005a; 206: 271-285.
  • Knop E, Knop N. Influence of the eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT) on inflammatory ocular surface disease. Ocul Surf. 2005b; 3:180-187.
  • Liebler-Tenorio E, Pabst R. MALT structure and function in farm animals. Vet Res. 2006; 37: 257-280.
  • Neutra MR, Pringault E, Kraehenbuhl JP. Antigen sampling across epithelial barriers and induction of mucosal immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol. 1996; 14: 275-300.
  • Ruskell GL. Organization and cytology of lymphoid in the cynomolgus monkey conjunctiva. Anat Rec. 1995; 243: 153-164.
  • Russell MW, Martin MH, Wu H, Hollingshead SK, Moldoveanu Z, Mestecky J. Strategies immunization againts mucosal infections. Vaccines. 2000; 19: 122-127.
  • Sakimoto T, Shoji J, Inada N, Saito K, Iwasaki Y, Sawa M. Histological study of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in mouse. Japanese J Ophthalmol. 2002; 46: 364-369.
  • Sandıkçı M, Eren Ü, Kum S. Alphanaphthyl acetate esterase activity in the spleen, lymph nodes and conjunctivaassociated lymphoid tissues of camels (Camelus dro-medarius). Revue Med Vet. 2005; 156: 99-103.
  • Siebelmann S, Gehlsen U, Hüttmann G, Koop N, Bölke T, Gebert A, Steven P. Development, alteration and real time dynamics of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue. PloS one. 2013; 8(12):1-13.
  • Steven P, Gebert A. Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue – current knowledge, animal models and experimental prospects. Ophthalmic Res. 2009; 42: 2-8.
  • Zhang XF, Li SX, Li H, Dou SY, Zhang WD, Jia S, Wang WH. IgA and IgG secreting cells in CALT of Bactrian camel. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science. 2016; 2: 1-32.
  • Zhivov A, Stachs O, Kraak R, Stave J, Guthoff RF. In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface. Ocul Surf. 2006; 4: 81-93.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Ahmet Ceylan

Publication Date March 1, 2018
Acceptance Date December 4, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ceylan, A. (2018). Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 11(1), 18-23.
AMA Ceylan A. Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku. kvj. March 2018;11(1):18-23.
Chicago Ceylan, Ahmet. “Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva Ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11, no. 1 (March 2018): 18-23.
EndNote Ceylan A (March 1, 2018) Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11 1 18–23.
IEEE A. Ceylan, “Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku”, kvj, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 18–23, 2018.
ISNAD Ceylan, Ahmet. “Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva Ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11/1 (March 2018), 18-23.
JAMA Ceylan A. Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku. kvj. 2018;11:18–23.
MLA Ceylan, Ahmet. “Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva Ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 11, no. 1, 2018, pp. 18-23.
Vancouver Ceylan A. Işık Mikroskobik Bir Çalışma: Devede Konjunktiva ile İlişkili Lenfoid Doku. kvj. 2018;11(1):18-23.

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