Canine Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: Retrospective Analysis of Diagnosis in 14 Dogs and Comparison of Two Different Diagnostic Methods in Endoscopic Biopsies

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 316 - 321, 01.09.2018

İdil Bastan

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.436105

Abstract

Clinical
manifestations and laboratory findings of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) in
dogs are nonspecific. Identification of eosinophils in the GI tract of dogs
with EGE, by histological evaluation is challenging. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the clinic and laboratory findings and compare two different
methods used to detect eosinophils in order to diagnose the disease. Medical
records and biopsies from 14 dogs with EGE were retrospectively reviewed.
Sections were immunolabeled with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the
eosinophil granule protein eosinophil peroxidase (Epx) and stained by H&E.
The number of eosinophils were manually quantified. The most common observed gastrointestinal
symptoms were vomiting, diarrhea and weight lost. The most common laboratory
findings were hypoalbunemia and hypereosinophilia. The number of eosinophils
detected in Epx mAb-labeled stomach and duodenal sections was significantly
higher compared with that in H&E-stained sections (p≤0.05). The result of this study suggests
that clinical findings may not be enough for the diagnosis of eosinophilic
gastroenteritis in dogs. The diagnosis of canine EGE requires
histopathological evaluation of GI biopsy. Immunohistochemical
detection of Epx provides a more precise method to detect GI tract eosinophils
compared to H&E staining and could be used as an alternative and reliable
diagnostic tool for EGE.

Keywords

Dog, Eosinophil peroxidase, Eosinophlic gastroenteritis, Hypoalbuminemia, Eosinophlia

Köpeklerde Eozinofilik Gastroenteritis: 14 Köpeğin Retrospektif Analizi ve Endoskopik Biyopsilerde İki Diagnostik Yöntemin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Köpeklerde
eozinofilik gastroenterit’in (EGE) klinik ve laboratuvar bulguları hastalık
için spesifik değildir. Gastrointestinal kanalda histolojik olarak
eozinofillerin belirlenmesi ise zordur. Bu retrospektif çalışmanın amacı
EGE’nin klinik ve bazı laboratuvar bulgularının değerlendirilmesi ve dokularda
eozinofillerin belirlenmesinde kullanılan iki tekniği karşılaştırmaktı. Bu
amaçla EGE’li 14 köpeğin medikal raporları ve biyopsi sonuçları tekrar
değerlendirildi. Eozinofil peroksidaz monoklonal antikoru (Epx mAb) ile
immunohistokimyasal (IHC) ve hematoksilen eozin (H&E) ile boyanan EGE’li
köpeklerin mide ve duodenal kesitlerinde eozinofiller sayıldı. Bütün köpeklerde
en yaygın gastrointestinal semptomlar kusma
ishal, kilo kaybı iken en yaygın laboratuvar bulgusu hipoalbuminemi ve
eozinofili idi. EPX ile saptanan eozinofillerin sayısı H&E ile saptananlara
oranla istatistiksel olarak yüksek bulundu (p≤0.05). Bu çalışma EGE’li köpeklerde kusma ishal, kilo kaybı,
hipoalbünemi ve eozinofili görülmesine rağmen doğru tanının histopatolojik
yöntemle konulması gerektiğini, Epx mAb ile eozinofillerin saptanmasıda H&E
boyama yöntemine göre daha güvenilir olduğunu gösterdi.

Keywords

Köpek, Eozinofil peroksidaz, Eozinofilik gastroenterit, Hipoalbuminemi, Eozinofili

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