Evaluation of Enteropathogens and Fecal pH Changes in Neonatal Calves with Diarrhea

Year 2024, Volume: 17 Issue: 4, 350 - 358

Süleyman Kozat , Veysel Çelik

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.1487610

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate fecal pH changes in diarrheal newborn calves infected with enteropathogens such as Bovine rotavirus, Bovine Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp, Escherichia coli K99 and Giardia lamblia. fecal pH values of calves with identified pathogens were measured using nitrazine paper and digital pH meter, and it was revealed that there was a relationship between the detected factor and the age of the case. The animal material of the study consisted of 96 diarrheal calves aged between 1 and 28 days. Fecal samples were taken from calves with diarrhea. Rapid diagnostic kits were used to diagnose enteropathogens in the stool samples taken. When the pH analysis results of all cases were examined, fecal pH values of both single and co-infected cases were determined to be predominantly between 5-6 and 6.1-7. Fecal pH values of infected calves were determined to be maximum between 6.1-7. When the pH values of all cases were examined, it was determined that cases with 8-15 days of diarrhea were detected more frequently. It was determined that the fecal pH values of these calves with diarrhea varied between 6.1-7. In the analysis of fecal pH values in 12 samples in which only E. coli was detected, it was determined that the fecal pH value of 11 of these calves was measured between 5 and 6, and only 1 of them had a pH value above 6. On the other hand, it was determined that the fecal pH value was measured below 6 in 12 of the remaining 84 calves. It was observed that the fecal pH value was between 5-6 in the majority of calves in which E. coli was detected. It was determined that the fecal pH value was above 6 in 73 of a total of 96 calves. Additionally, pH was not detected above 7.1 in any of the cases infected with enteropathogens. The pH value of single and co-infected cases was predominantly determined between 6.1 and 7.
As a result, it was determined that the fecal pH values of cases infected with enterogens were not higher than 7, and the fecal pH values of enteropathogens were concentrated in the range of 6.1-7. For faster diagnosis, prevention, control and treatment of enteropathogens that cause diarrhea in newborn calves, attention can be taken in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease when fecal pH values are an easily detected parameter. It is thought that it will shed light on future studies regarding fecal pH.

Keywords

Calf, Diarrhea, Diagnosis, pH

İshalli Yenidoğan Buzağılarda Enteropatojenler ile Dışkı pH Değişimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Sığır rotavirüsü, Sığır Coronavirüsü, Cryptosporidium spp, Escherichia coli K99 ve Giardia lamblia gibi enteropatojenlerle enfekte olmuş ishalli yeni doğan buzağılarda dışkı pH değişikliklerinin araştırılmasıdır. Enteropatojen tespit edilen buzağıların dışkı pH değerleri nitrazin kâğıdı ve dijital pH metre kullanılarak ölçüldü ve tespit edilen faktör ile olgunun yaşı arasında bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıktı. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini yaşları 1 ile 28 gün arasında değişen 96 ishalli buzağı oluşturdu. İshalli buzağılardan dışkı örnekleri alındı. Alınan dışkı örneklerinde enteropatojenlerin tanısının konulması için hızlı tanı kitleri kullanıldı. Tüm vakaların pH analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde hem tek hem de ko-enfekte vakaların dışkı pH değerlerinin ağırlıklı olarak 5-6 ile 6,1-7 arasında olduğu belirlendi. Enfekte buzağıların dışkı pH değerlerinin maksimum 6,1-7 arasında olduğu belirlendi. Tüm vakaların pH değerleri incelendiğinde 8-15 gün süren ishal vakalarının daha sık tespit edildiği belirlendi. İshalli bu buzağıların dışkı pH değerlerinin 6,1-7 arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Sadece E. coli tespit edilen 12 örnekte dışkı pH değerleri analizinde, bu buzağılardan 11 tanesinin dışkı pH değerinin 5 ile 6 arasında ölçüldüğü, sadece 1 tanesinin pH değerinin 6'nın üzerinde olduğu belirlendi. Öte yandan geri kalan 84 buzağının 12'sinde dışkı pH değerinin 6'nın altında ölçüldüğü belirlendi. E. coli tespit edilen buzağıların büyük çoğunluğunda dışkı pH değerinin 5-6 arasında olduğu görüldü. Toplam 96 buzağının 73'ünde dışkı pH değerinin 6'nın üzerinde olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca enteropatojenlerle enfekte olguların hiçbirinde pH 7,1'in üzerinde saptanmadı. Hem tek hem de ko-enfekte vakaların pH değeri ağırlıklı olarak 6,1 ile 7 arasında belirlendi.
Sonuç olarak enterojenlerle enfekte olguların dışkı pH değerlerinin 7'den yüksek olmadığı, enteropatojenlerin dışkı pH değerlerinin ise 6,1-7 aralığında yoğunlaştığı belirlendi. Yeni doğan buzağılarda ishale neden olan enteropatojenlerin daha hızlı teşhisi, önlenmesi, kontrolü ve tedavisi için dışkı pH değerlerinin kolay tespit edilen bir parametre olduğu için hastalığın teşhis ve tedavisinde dikkat edilebilir. Dışkı pH'ı ile ilgili ileride yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Buzağı, İshal, Tanı, pH

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