Research Article

Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria

Volume: 10 September 18, 2026

Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria

Abstract

The collapse of Bashar al-Assad’s regime on December 8, 2024, marks a turning point in which the strategic positioning that Turkish foreign policy has been accumulating over thirteen years is truly tested. This study analyzes this transformation within the framework of Susan Strange’s structural power theory and political economy approach, and questions whether Türkiye’s Syria policy has turned into an integrated hegemonic power strategy on the axes of security, migration management and reconstruction. The study uses a single-case design with embedded units of analysis, in which the three axes are treated as units within one case, and draws on official government documents, academic literature and think-tank reports as primary and secondary sources covering the period from December 2024 to the first half of 2026. The findings reveal that Türkiye has gained significant structural power in the security and production structures, but has not yet established decisive influence in the finance and knowledge structures. The article argues that in order for this hegemonic strategy to be permanent, it is imperative to manage domestic political constraints, strengthen Syria’s institutional capacity, and transform policy coordination between the three axes into concrete structures.

Keywords

structural strength, Turkish foreign policy, Syria transition process, migration management

References

  1. Abdulghany, F. (2025, June 28). Post-Assad Syria: The complex structure of refugee return and reintegration challenges. Syrian Network for Human Rights. https://snhr.org/blog/2025/06/28/post-assad-syria-the-complex-structure-of-refugee-return-and-reintegration-challenges/
  2. Al Jazeera. (2025a, July 24). Saudi Arabia pledges $2.9bn for Syria infrastructure, part of wider package. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/7/24/saudi-arabia-pledges-2-9bn-for-syria-infrastructure-part-of-wider-package
  3. Al Jazeera. (2025b, August 6). Syria signs $14bn infrastructure deals, will revamp Damascus airport. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/8/6/syria-signs-14bn-infrastructure-deals-will-revamp-damascus-airport
  4. Al Jazeera. (2026a, January 30). Kurdish-led SDF agrees integration with Syrian government forces. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/30/kurdish-led-sdf-agrees-integration-with-syrian-government-forces
  5. Al Jazeera. (2026b, April 16). Syria takes control of all bases where US forces were deployed. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/16/syria-takes-control-of-all-bases-where-us-forces-were-deployed
  6. Al Jazeera. (2026c, January 18). Syrian government, Kurdish-led SDF agree on ceasefire: What to know. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/18/syrian-army-advances-on-sdf-stronghold-of-raqqa-whats-the-latest
  7. Al Mustafa, M., Al Alou, S., & Abdullatif, S. (2026). Beyond the axis: Israel’s approach in Syria from threat management to reshaping the security environment. Omran Center for Strategic Studies. https://omrandirasat.org/en/
  8. Alpay, N. (2025, September 16). Türkiye ve Suriye’den 2 milyar dolarlık işbirliği! [Two billion dollars’ worth of cooperation from Türkiye and Syria!]. Haber7. https://ekonomi.haber7.com/ekonomi/haber/3563936-turkiye-ve-suriyeden-2-milyar-dolarlik-isbirligi
  9. Altunışık, M. B. (2016). Explaining the transformation of Turkish-Syrian relations: A regionalist approach. In R. Hinnebusch & O. Imady (Eds.), The Syrian uprising: Domestic origins and early trajectory (pp. 177–191). Routledge.
  10. Barnett, M., & Duvall, R. (2005). Power in international politics. International Organization, 59(1), 39–75. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818305050010
APA
Özer, Ç. (2026). Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria. Lectio Socialis, 10. https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1945896
AMA
1.Özer Ç. Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria. Lectio. 2026;10. doi:10.47478/lectio.1945896
Chicago
Özer, Çağlar. 2026. “Turkish Foreign Policy As a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria”. Lectio Socialis 10 (September). https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1945896.
EndNote
Özer Ç (September 1, 2026) Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria. Lectio Socialis 10
IEEE
[1]Ç. Özer, “Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria”, Lectio, vol. 10, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.47478/lectio.1945896.
ISNAD
Özer, Çağlar. “Turkish Foreign Policy As a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria”. Lectio Socialis 10 (September 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1945896.
JAMA
1.Özer Ç. Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria. Lectio. 2026;10. doi:10.47478/lectio.1945896.
MLA
Özer, Çağlar. “Turkish Foreign Policy As a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria”. Lectio Socialis, vol. 10, Sept. 2026, doi:10.47478/lectio.1945896.
Vancouver
1.Çağlar Özer. Turkish Foreign Policy as a Structural Force: Security, Migration, and Reconstruction in Post-Assad Syria. Lectio. 2026 Sep. 1;10. doi:10.47478/lectio.1945896