Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 67 - 80, 22.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1079624

Abstract

References

  • Aktan, B. and Bulut, C. (2008). Financial performance impacts of corporate entrepreneurship in emerging markets: a case of Turkey. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 12(8), 1530–2275.
  • Alper, C. E. and Onis, Z. (2003). Financial globalization, the democratic deficit, and recurrent crises in emerging markets: The Turkish experience in the aftermath of capital account liberalization. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 39(3), 5–26. doi:10.1080/1540496x.2003.11052542
  • Aykan, B. and Güvenç-Salgirli, S. (2015). Responsibilizing individuals, regulating health: Debating public spots, risk, and neoliberal governmentality in contemporary Turkey. New Perspectives on Turkey, 53, 71–92. doi:10.1017/npt.2015.19
  • Bektemur, G., Arıca, S. and Gençer, M. Z. (2018). Türkiye’de Aile Hekimliğinde Sevk Zinciri Nasıl Uygulanmalıdır? Ankara Medical Journal, 18(3), 256–266. doi:10.17098/amj.461442
  • Belek, İ. (2016). Sağlığın Politik Ekonomisi: Sosyal Devletin Çöküşü. İstanbul: Yazılama Yayınevi.
  • Bennett, S. (1991). The Mystique of Markets: Public and Private Health Care in Developing Countries. PHP Departmental Publication. London.
  • Berkley, S., Bobadilla, J.-L., Hecht, R., Hill, K., Jamison, D. T., Murray, C. J. L., … Tan, J.-P. (1993). World development report 1993: investing in health. New York. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/468831468340807129/World-development-report-1993-investing-in-health from retrieved.
  • Bijlmakers, L., Bassett, M. and Sanders, D. (1995). Health and Structural Adjustment in Rural and Urban Settings in Zimbabwe. P. Gibbon (Ed.), Structural Adjustment and the Working Poor in Zimbabwe: Studies on Labour, Women Informal Sector Workers and Health in (pp. 2015–282). Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute.
  • Bogg, L., Dong, H., Wang, K., Cai, W. and Vinod, D. (1996). The cost of coverage: rural health insurance in China. Health policy and planning, 11(3), 238–52. doi:10.1093/heapol/11.3.238
  • Bulut, S. and Uğurluoğlu, Ö. (2018). Aile hekimlerinin bakış açısı ile sevk zincirinin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 22(3), 118–132. doi:10.15511/tahd.18.00318
  • Cinaroglu, S. (2017). International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues A Fresh Look at Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures after More than a Decade Health Reform Experience in Turkey: A Data Mining Application. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(5), 33–40. http:www.econjournals.com from retrieved.
  • Creese, A. L. (1991). User charges for health care: a review of recent experience. Health policy and planning, 6(4), 309–19. doi:10.1093/heapol/6.4.309
  • De Vogli, R. (2011). Neoliberal globalisation and health in a time of economic crisis. Social Theory and Health, 9(4), 311–325. doi:10.1057/sth.2011.16
  • Green, A. (1995). The state of health planning in the ’90s. Health policy and planning, 10(1), 22–8. doi:10.1093/heapol/10.1.22
  • Gürçam, S. (2022). Analysing the Global Fight Against Climate Change and the Turkish Context. Lectio Socialis, 6(1), In Press. doi:10.47478/lectio.1004359
  • Gürçam, S. and Konuralp, E. (2021). Küreselden Yerele Çevresel Politika Yapımı: Iğdır İl Özel İdaresi Üzerine Bir Memorandum. Iğdır Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (6), 65–84.
  • Gürçam, S., Konuralp, E. and Ekici, S. (2021). Determining the effect of air transportation on air pollution in the most polluted city in Turkey. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 93(2), 354–362. doi:10.1108/AEAT-08-2020-0176
  • Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Kanji, N. and Jazdowska, N. (1993). Structural Adjustment and Women in Zimbabwe. Review of African Political Economy, (56), 11–26.
  • Kentikelenis, A. E. (2017). Structural adjustment and health: A conceptual framework and evidence on pathways. Social Science and Medicine, 187, 296–305. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.021
  • Koch, K. J., Cid Pedraza, C. and Schmid, A. (2017, 1 May). Out-of-pocket expenditure and financial protection in the Chilean health care system—A systematic review. Health Policy. Elsevier Ireland Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.02.013
  • Konuralp, E. (2020). Between neoliberal appetence and environmentalist reservations: the political economy of sustainable aviation. International Journal of Sustainable Aviation, In press.
  • Konuralp, E. and Bicer, S. (2021). Putting the Neoliberal Transformation of Turkish Healthcare System and Its Problems into a Historical Perspective. Review of Radical Political Economics, 53(4). doi:10.1177/04866134211005083
  • Konuralp, E. and Dayıoğlu, N. (2022). Analysing the Implications of the Health Transformation Program on Perceptions of the Welfare State and Public Services in Turkey. Acta Oeconomica, ((In Press)).
  • McGregor, S. L. T. (2001). Neoliberalism and health care. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 25(2), 82–89. doi:10.1111/j.1470-6431.2001.00183.x
  • Mills, A. (1995). Improving the Efficiency of Public Sector Health Services in Developing Countries: Bureaucratic Versus Market Approaches ( No: 01/95).
  • MoH. (2019). Health Statistics Yearbook. Health Statistics Yearbook. Ankara: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Navarro, V. (2000, 4 November). Assessment of the World Health Report 2000. Lancet. Elsevier Limited. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03139-1
  • Núñez, A., Manzano, C. A. and Chi, C. (2020). Health outcomes, utilization, and equity in Chile: an evolution from 1990 to 2015 and the effects of the last health reform. Public Health, (178), 38–48. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.08.017
  • OECD. (2019). OECD Health at a Glance. OECD iLibrary, Health at a Glance. Paris: OECD. doi:10.1787/4dd50c09-en Rotarou, E. S. and Sakellariou, D. (2017). Neoliberal reforms in health systems and the construction of long-lasting inequalities in health care: A case study from Chile. Health Policy, 121(5), 495–503. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.03.005
  • Sauerborn, R., Nougtara, A. and Latimer, E. (1994). The elasticity of demand for health care in Burkina Faso: differences across age and income groups. Health policy and planning, 9(2), 185–92. doi:10.1093/heapol/9.2.185
  • Sen, K. and Koivusalo, M. (1998). Health care reforms and developing countries—a critical overview. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 13(3), 199–215.
  • Senses, F. (2016). Turkeys Experience with Neoliberal Policies Since 1980 in Retrospect and Prospect. C. Ozbay, M. Erol, Z. U. Turem and A. Terzioglu (Eds.), The Making of Neoliberal Turkey in (pp. 15–32). Dorchester: Ashgate.
  • Summers, L. H. and Pritchett, L. H. (1993). The Structural-Adjustment Debate. The American Economic Review, 83(2), 383–389.
  • Terzioglu, A. (2016). Health Care for All? Rethinking Globalization and Health Inequalities in the Turkish Context. C. Ozbay, M. Erol, Z. U. Turem and A. Terzioglu (Eds.), The Making of Neoliberal Turkey in (pp. 149–167). Dorchester: Ashgate.
  • The World Bank. (2019, 5 November). Middle Income Countries Overview. The World Bank Website. 10 May 2020 tarihinde https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mic/overview from retrieved.
  • Turkish Dental Association. (2019). Dişhekimlerinin Çalışma Şekilleri, Kurumlarda ve İl/İlçelerde 2018 Yılı Dağılımı. Ankara.
  • TurkStat. (2020a). Address Based Population Registration System. Statistics by Theme. 14 April 2020 tarihinde http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1059 from retrieved.
  • TurkStat. (2020b). Health Expenditure Statistics. Statistics by Theme. 16 April 2020 tarihinde http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1084 from retrieved.
  • Unger, J. P., De Paepe, P., Cantuarias, G. S. and Herrera, O. A. (2008). Chile’s neoliberal health reform: An assessment and a critique. PLoS Medicine, 5(4), 542–547. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050079
  • Watkins, K. (1995). The Oxfam Poverty Report. The Oxfam Poverty Report. Oxford: Oxfam Publishing. doi:10.3362/9780855988128
  • Weisbrod, B. A. (1991). The health care quadrilemma: an essay on technological change, insurance, quality of care and cost containment. Journal of Economic Literature, 29(2), 523–552.
  • Williams, C. and Maruthappu, M. (2013, 5 January). ‘Healthconomic crises’: Public health and neoliberal economic crises. American Journal of Public Health. American Public Health Association. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300956
  • Yalman, G. (2010). Transition to Neoliberalism: the Case of Turkey in the 1980s. Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi University Press.
  • Yardim, M. S. and Uner, S. (2018). Equity in access to care in the era of health system reforms in Turkey. Health Policy, 122(6), 645–651. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.

Assessing the Health-economic Crisis: The Case of Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 67 - 80, 22.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1079624

Abstract

With the transition to neoliberalism, health has tended to be less regarded as a social obligation and become instead an individual responsibility. Hence, the issue of healthcare has gained a “health-economic” character by increasingly integrating health systems into the existing economic situation and market dynamics. Introduced in the 2000s, the Health Transformation Program (HTP) represents such an approach in Turkey. This article reports on field research carried out in Istanbul into the consequences of the HTP through a survey focusing on healthcare facility preferences and perceptions of the most critical problems of the healthcare system. The survey was carried out in 2019 with 5002 participants aged 25-65 using the face-to-face technique and frequency and Pearson chi-square analyses to summarise the findings. The privatisation trend is shown by public-to-private comparisons of health expenditures, hospital beds and admissions to hospitals, while the shift toward private hospitals is mitigated by participant preferences for the public healthcare schema, which remains the central pillar of the system. This preference is mainly based on the economical services provided in public hospitals, while the shift to the private system is argued to be largely impelled by increased patient density in the public system resulting from the neoliberal logic of the HTP. In conclusion, the need for a new reform program that will invest in the public nature of the Turkish health system is identified and addressed. 

References

  • Aktan, B. and Bulut, C. (2008). Financial performance impacts of corporate entrepreneurship in emerging markets: a case of Turkey. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 12(8), 1530–2275.
  • Alper, C. E. and Onis, Z. (2003). Financial globalization, the democratic deficit, and recurrent crises in emerging markets: The Turkish experience in the aftermath of capital account liberalization. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 39(3), 5–26. doi:10.1080/1540496x.2003.11052542
  • Aykan, B. and Güvenç-Salgirli, S. (2015). Responsibilizing individuals, regulating health: Debating public spots, risk, and neoliberal governmentality in contemporary Turkey. New Perspectives on Turkey, 53, 71–92. doi:10.1017/npt.2015.19
  • Bektemur, G., Arıca, S. and Gençer, M. Z. (2018). Türkiye’de Aile Hekimliğinde Sevk Zinciri Nasıl Uygulanmalıdır? Ankara Medical Journal, 18(3), 256–266. doi:10.17098/amj.461442
  • Belek, İ. (2016). Sağlığın Politik Ekonomisi: Sosyal Devletin Çöküşü. İstanbul: Yazılama Yayınevi.
  • Bennett, S. (1991). The Mystique of Markets: Public and Private Health Care in Developing Countries. PHP Departmental Publication. London.
  • Berkley, S., Bobadilla, J.-L., Hecht, R., Hill, K., Jamison, D. T., Murray, C. J. L., … Tan, J.-P. (1993). World development report 1993: investing in health. New York. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/468831468340807129/World-development-report-1993-investing-in-health from retrieved.
  • Bijlmakers, L., Bassett, M. and Sanders, D. (1995). Health and Structural Adjustment in Rural and Urban Settings in Zimbabwe. P. Gibbon (Ed.), Structural Adjustment and the Working Poor in Zimbabwe: Studies on Labour, Women Informal Sector Workers and Health in (pp. 2015–282). Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute.
  • Bogg, L., Dong, H., Wang, K., Cai, W. and Vinod, D. (1996). The cost of coverage: rural health insurance in China. Health policy and planning, 11(3), 238–52. doi:10.1093/heapol/11.3.238
  • Bulut, S. and Uğurluoğlu, Ö. (2018). Aile hekimlerinin bakış açısı ile sevk zincirinin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 22(3), 118–132. doi:10.15511/tahd.18.00318
  • Cinaroglu, S. (2017). International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues A Fresh Look at Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures after More than a Decade Health Reform Experience in Turkey: A Data Mining Application. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(5), 33–40. http:www.econjournals.com from retrieved.
  • Creese, A. L. (1991). User charges for health care: a review of recent experience. Health policy and planning, 6(4), 309–19. doi:10.1093/heapol/6.4.309
  • De Vogli, R. (2011). Neoliberal globalisation and health in a time of economic crisis. Social Theory and Health, 9(4), 311–325. doi:10.1057/sth.2011.16
  • Green, A. (1995). The state of health planning in the ’90s. Health policy and planning, 10(1), 22–8. doi:10.1093/heapol/10.1.22
  • Gürçam, S. (2022). Analysing the Global Fight Against Climate Change and the Turkish Context. Lectio Socialis, 6(1), In Press. doi:10.47478/lectio.1004359
  • Gürçam, S. and Konuralp, E. (2021). Küreselden Yerele Çevresel Politika Yapımı: Iğdır İl Özel İdaresi Üzerine Bir Memorandum. Iğdır Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (6), 65–84.
  • Gürçam, S., Konuralp, E. and Ekici, S. (2021). Determining the effect of air transportation on air pollution in the most polluted city in Turkey. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 93(2), 354–362. doi:10.1108/AEAT-08-2020-0176
  • Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Kanji, N. and Jazdowska, N. (1993). Structural Adjustment and Women in Zimbabwe. Review of African Political Economy, (56), 11–26.
  • Kentikelenis, A. E. (2017). Structural adjustment and health: A conceptual framework and evidence on pathways. Social Science and Medicine, 187, 296–305. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.021
  • Koch, K. J., Cid Pedraza, C. and Schmid, A. (2017, 1 May). Out-of-pocket expenditure and financial protection in the Chilean health care system—A systematic review. Health Policy. Elsevier Ireland Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.02.013
  • Konuralp, E. (2020). Between neoliberal appetence and environmentalist reservations: the political economy of sustainable aviation. International Journal of Sustainable Aviation, In press.
  • Konuralp, E. and Bicer, S. (2021). Putting the Neoliberal Transformation of Turkish Healthcare System and Its Problems into a Historical Perspective. Review of Radical Political Economics, 53(4). doi:10.1177/04866134211005083
  • Konuralp, E. and Dayıoğlu, N. (2022). Analysing the Implications of the Health Transformation Program on Perceptions of the Welfare State and Public Services in Turkey. Acta Oeconomica, ((In Press)).
  • McGregor, S. L. T. (2001). Neoliberalism and health care. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 25(2), 82–89. doi:10.1111/j.1470-6431.2001.00183.x
  • Mills, A. (1995). Improving the Efficiency of Public Sector Health Services in Developing Countries: Bureaucratic Versus Market Approaches ( No: 01/95).
  • MoH. (2019). Health Statistics Yearbook. Health Statistics Yearbook. Ankara: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Navarro, V. (2000, 4 November). Assessment of the World Health Report 2000. Lancet. Elsevier Limited. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03139-1
  • Núñez, A., Manzano, C. A. and Chi, C. (2020). Health outcomes, utilization, and equity in Chile: an evolution from 1990 to 2015 and the effects of the last health reform. Public Health, (178), 38–48. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.08.017
  • OECD. (2019). OECD Health at a Glance. OECD iLibrary, Health at a Glance. Paris: OECD. doi:10.1787/4dd50c09-en Rotarou, E. S. and Sakellariou, D. (2017). Neoliberal reforms in health systems and the construction of long-lasting inequalities in health care: A case study from Chile. Health Policy, 121(5), 495–503. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.03.005
  • Sauerborn, R., Nougtara, A. and Latimer, E. (1994). The elasticity of demand for health care in Burkina Faso: differences across age and income groups. Health policy and planning, 9(2), 185–92. doi:10.1093/heapol/9.2.185
  • Sen, K. and Koivusalo, M. (1998). Health care reforms and developing countries—a critical overview. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 13(3), 199–215.
  • Senses, F. (2016). Turkeys Experience with Neoliberal Policies Since 1980 in Retrospect and Prospect. C. Ozbay, M. Erol, Z. U. Turem and A. Terzioglu (Eds.), The Making of Neoliberal Turkey in (pp. 15–32). Dorchester: Ashgate.
  • Summers, L. H. and Pritchett, L. H. (1993). The Structural-Adjustment Debate. The American Economic Review, 83(2), 383–389.
  • Terzioglu, A. (2016). Health Care for All? Rethinking Globalization and Health Inequalities in the Turkish Context. C. Ozbay, M. Erol, Z. U. Turem and A. Terzioglu (Eds.), The Making of Neoliberal Turkey in (pp. 149–167). Dorchester: Ashgate.
  • The World Bank. (2019, 5 November). Middle Income Countries Overview. The World Bank Website. 10 May 2020 tarihinde https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mic/overview from retrieved.
  • Turkish Dental Association. (2019). Dişhekimlerinin Çalışma Şekilleri, Kurumlarda ve İl/İlçelerde 2018 Yılı Dağılımı. Ankara.
  • TurkStat. (2020a). Address Based Population Registration System. Statistics by Theme. 14 April 2020 tarihinde http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1059 from retrieved.
  • TurkStat. (2020b). Health Expenditure Statistics. Statistics by Theme. 16 April 2020 tarihinde http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1084 from retrieved.
  • Unger, J. P., De Paepe, P., Cantuarias, G. S. and Herrera, O. A. (2008). Chile’s neoliberal health reform: An assessment and a critique. PLoS Medicine, 5(4), 542–547. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050079
  • Watkins, K. (1995). The Oxfam Poverty Report. The Oxfam Poverty Report. Oxford: Oxfam Publishing. doi:10.3362/9780855988128
  • Weisbrod, B. A. (1991). The health care quadrilemma: an essay on technological change, insurance, quality of care and cost containment. Journal of Economic Literature, 29(2), 523–552.
  • Williams, C. and Maruthappu, M. (2013, 5 January). ‘Healthconomic crises’: Public health and neoliberal economic crises. American Journal of Public Health. American Public Health Association. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300956
  • Yalman, G. (2010). Transition to Neoliberalism: the Case of Turkey in the 1980s. Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi University Press.
  • Yardim, M. S. and Uner, S. (2018). Equity in access to care in the era of health system reforms in Turkey. Health Policy, 122(6), 645–651. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Science
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nurten Dayıoğlu 0000-0003-4103-6045

Early Pub Date July 21, 2022
Publication Date July 22, 2022
Submission Date February 26, 2022
Acceptance Date May 20, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dayıoğlu, N. (2022). Assessing the Health-economic Crisis: The Case of Turkey. Lectio Socialis, 6(2), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.1079624

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