Halil Fikret Kanad’s Approach of “Ideal of Nationality and Total National Education”
Abstract
The Republic of Turkey has been built as a nationalist country. The most important role attributed to education in this construction process was to raise the consciousness of the Turkish nation in line with Atatürk’s principles and reforms. For this reason, the basic principle of education has been determined as nationality. In accordance with this principle, the concept, policy and practice of “national education” became official in Turkey. One of the works on the theory and practice of the national education principle along with the ideal of nationality in the first years of the Republic is Halil Fikret Kanad’s (1892-1974) book titled Milliyet İdeali ve Topyekûn Milli Terbiye. The purpose of this article on this work is to describe Kanad’s approach to the ideal of nationality and national education. Because he is also one of the staunch defenders of the official ideology. According to Kanad, in order to raise the Turkish nation envisaged by the founding cadre of the Republic, a planned and programmed national education system in accordance with scientific and pedagogical principles should be followed in cooperation with the family, school, society and state and in line with common purposes. From this and similar results, Kanad’s book is like the propaganda program of the official ideology. Kanad’s national education approach is in the form of of “social engineering”. This approach related to the official ideology, contributes to the understanding of the national education policies and practices of the Republican period.
Keywords
Halil Fikret Kanad , Ideal of Nationality , National Education
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