Theoretical Justifications of the Right to Free Speech in the Digital Era

Year 2024, Issue: 114, 139 - 154

İlyas Fırat Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1308457

Abstract

Speech is information and communication expressing thoughts, ideas or emotions such as science, poetry, politics, promises, answers, complaints, etc. It is fundamental for individual and social levels to interact. The right to free speech with various theoretical justifications, such as self-fulfillment, personal autonomy, the marketplace for ideas, the search for truth, democracy, tolerance, and pluralism, is the integral existence of individuals and society. These justifications reflect the interrelation between the right to freedom of speech and other rights. Free speech causes individual and social good by achieving these justifications, yet it may result in harmful consequences or conflict with other rights. The digital era advances a new medium to promote the right to free speech within cyberspace. This era shapes individuals and social interrelation for specific ideas and actions in a short time. This represents communication in a new form through the internet, information, and communication technologies rather than print and broadcasting. The international system has been established based on expanding and diffusing cyberspace. Therefore, the coherence of these justifications is analysed within the recent digital transformation process, creating positive and negative impacts on freedom of speech.

Keywords

Free Speech, Digital Era, Theoretical Justifications

Dijital Çağda İfade Özgürlüğü Teorik Gerekçeleri

Abstract

İfade bir iletişim yöntemi olarak duygu, düşünce, fikir gibi olguların bilim, sanat, cevap, hayıflanma, söz verme gibi farklı formlarda oluşmasını sağlar. İfade özgürlüğü kişinin ve toplumun ayrılmaz bir parçası olarak, kişinin kendini gerçekleştirmesi, bireysel otorite, fikirler piyasası, doğrunun arayışı, demokrasi, tolerans ve çoğulculuk gibi teorik gerekçelerle açıklanabilir. Bu gerekçeler ifade özgürlüğü ve diğer haklar arasında karşılıklı ilişkiyi yansıtmaktadır. İfade özgürlüğü bu gerekçeleri gerçekleştirmek suretiyle bireysel ve toplumsal iyiyi gerçekleştirmekte fakat bazı durumlarda diğer hakların ihlali gibi olumsuz sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Dijital çağ siber-alanda ifade özgürlüğünün geliştirilmesinde etkili bir çevre sağlamıştır. Bu durum iletişimin internet ve bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri üzerinden yapıldığı yeni bir durumu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Dijital çağ bireylerin ve toplumun çok daha hızlı etkileşim içerisinde olabilmesini sağlamıştır. Daha da ötesi, uluslararası sistem bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin genişleme ve yayılması üzerine kurulmuştur. Bu nedenle, ifade özgürlüğünün teorik gerekçelerinin, ifade özgürlüğü açısından olumlu ve olumsuz etkiler üreten güncel dijital dönüşüm çerçevesinde ele alınması yerinde olacaktır.

Keywords

İfade Özgürlüğü, Dijital Çağ, Teorik Gerekçe

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