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Kristevan Abjection in Muriel Spark and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Female Narratives

Year 2024, Issue: 73, 49 - 56, 15.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.55590/literatureandhumanities.1431304

Abstract

Viewing linguistic and semiotic processes as constitutive of self, Julia Kristeva emphasizes the role of abjection in the construction of female subjectivity. Abjection corresponds to a state of subjectivity dominated by in-betweenness in which the distinction between the subject and the object is blurred, while this experience is necessary for the subject to complete the subjectivization process. This paper aims to scrutinize the function of this Kristevan conception in two short stories written by women recounting the experiences of their female protagonists: Muriel Spark’s “You Should Have Seen the Mess” (1958) and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” (1899). Revolving around an utter sense of abjection, these works reflect the protagonists’ obsessive attachment to and abhorrence for the abject as well as their problematic position in relation to the semiotic and symbolic linguistic realms. Both protagonists are in search of alternative ways of coping with their subjugation in a patriarchal society, through an existence outside of social norms and expectations. Consequently, female subjectivity is regarded as an on-going social process rather than a finished one in both texts, whereby the activities of female subjectivity constitute avenues by which women can reposition and empower themselves within a patriarchal system.

References

  • Albayrak, G. (2023). Moneta: The Abject Mother in Keats’ The Fall of Hyperion. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 40(2), 424-438.
  • Becker-Leckrone, M. (2005). Julia Kristeva and Literary Theory. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bové, C. M. (2006). Language and Politics in Julia Kristeva: Literature, Art, Therapy. State University of New York Press.
  • Gilman, C. P. (2000). The yellow wallpaper. In D. H. Holdstein (Ed.), The Prentice Hall anthology of women’s literature (pp.138-52). Prentice Hall. Gross, E. (2012). The body of signification. In J. Fletcher & A. Benjamin (Eds.), Abjection, melancholia, and love: The work of Julia Kristeva (pp. 80-103). Routledge.
  • Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. Columbia UP.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. L. S. Roudiez (Trans.). Columbia University Press.
  • Kristeva, J. (1984). Revolution in Poetic Language. (L. S. Roudiez, Trans.). Columbia University Press.
  • Kristeva, J. (2010). Hatred and Forgiveness. (Herman J., Trans.) New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Lechte, J. (1990). Julia Kristeva. Routledge.
  • McAfee, N. (2004). Julia Kristeva. Routledge.
  • Oliver, K. (1993a). Julia Kristeva’s Feminist Revolutions. Hypatia, 8(3), 94-114.
  • Oliver, K. (1993b). Reading Kristeva: Unraveling the Double-bind. Indiana University Press.
  • Spark, M. (2001). The Complete Short Stories. Penguin.

Muriel Spark ve Charlotte Perkins Gilman’in Kadın Anlatılarında Kristeva’nın Zelil Kavramı

Year 2024, Issue: 73, 49 - 56, 15.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.55590/literatureandhumanities.1431304

Abstract

Linguistik ve semiyotik süreçleri öznenin oluşumunun bir parçası olarak gören Julia Kristeva, kadın öznelliğinin inşasında zelilin rolünü vurgular. Zelil, özne ile nesne arasındaki ayrımın bulanıklaştığı, arada kalmışlığın hâkim olduğu bir öznelllik durumuna karşılık gelirken, bu deneyim öznenin özneleşme sürecini tamamlaması için gereklidir. Bu çalışma, Kristeva’nın bu anlayışının, kadınlar tarafından yazılmış ve kadın kahramanlarının deneyimlerini anlatan iki kısa öyküdeki işlevini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır: Muriel Spark’ın “You Should Have Seen the Mess” (1958) ve Charlotte Perkins Gilman’ın “The Yellow Wallpaper” (1899). Mutlak bir zelil duygusu etrafında dönen bu eserler, kahramanların zelile olan saplantılı bağlılık ve tiksintilerinin yanı sıra semiyotik ve sembolik dilsel alanlara ilişkin sorunlu konumlarını da yansıtır. Her iki kahraman da toplumsal norm ve beklentilerin dışında bir varoluş yoluyla ataerkil bir toplumdaki boyun eğdirilmişlikleriyle başa çıkmanın alternatif yollarını aramaktadır. Sonuç olarak, kadın öznelliği her iki metinde de bitmiş bir süreçten ziyade devam eden bir sosyal süreç olarak görülmekte ve kadın öznelliğinin faaliyetleri kadınların ataerkil bir sistem içinde kendilerini yeniden konumlandırabilecekleri ve güçlendirebilecekleri yollar oluşturmaktadır.

References

  • Albayrak, G. (2023). Moneta: The Abject Mother in Keats’ The Fall of Hyperion. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 40(2), 424-438.
  • Becker-Leckrone, M. (2005). Julia Kristeva and Literary Theory. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bové, C. M. (2006). Language and Politics in Julia Kristeva: Literature, Art, Therapy. State University of New York Press.
  • Gilman, C. P. (2000). The yellow wallpaper. In D. H. Holdstein (Ed.), The Prentice Hall anthology of women’s literature (pp.138-52). Prentice Hall. Gross, E. (2012). The body of signification. In J. Fletcher & A. Benjamin (Eds.), Abjection, melancholia, and love: The work of Julia Kristeva (pp. 80-103). Routledge.
  • Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. Columbia UP.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. L. S. Roudiez (Trans.). Columbia University Press.
  • Kristeva, J. (1984). Revolution in Poetic Language. (L. S. Roudiez, Trans.). Columbia University Press.
  • Kristeva, J. (2010). Hatred and Forgiveness. (Herman J., Trans.) New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Lechte, J. (1990). Julia Kristeva. Routledge.
  • McAfee, N. (2004). Julia Kristeva. Routledge.
  • Oliver, K. (1993a). Julia Kristeva’s Feminist Revolutions. Hypatia, 8(3), 94-114.
  • Oliver, K. (1993b). Reading Kristeva: Unraveling the Double-bind. Indiana University Press.
  • Spark, M. (2001). The Complete Short Stories. Penguin.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Elif Toprak Sakız 0000-0002-1579-6967

Publication Date December 15, 2024
Submission Date February 3, 2024
Acceptance Date August 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 73

Cite

APA Toprak Sakız, E. (2024). Kristevan Abjection in Muriel Spark and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Female Narratives. Edebiyat Ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi(73), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.55590/literatureandhumanities.1431304

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