Research Article
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Kamusal Açık Mekanlarda Davranış İzlenimleri ve Haritalanması

Year 2025, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 121 - 136, 31.07.2025

Abstract

Bu çalışma, üniversite kampüslerindeki kamusal açık mekânlarda kullanıcıların sergiledikleri davranışları incelemektedir. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Kampüsü'nde yer alan 15 Temmuz Demokrasi Alanı, sosyal etkileşim, dinlenme ve eğlence gibi ihtiyaçları karşılayan önemli bir kamusal açık alan olarak ele alınmıştır. Araştırma, iki hafta boyunca belirli saat dilimlerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve davranış gözlemi ile fotoğraflama teknikleri kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler dijital ortamda haritalandırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, erkek kullanıcıların yeşil alanlardaki yürüyüş yollarını daha aktif kullandığını, kadın kullanıcıların ise havuz kenarını tercih ettiğini ortaya koymuştur. Amfi tiyatro kullanımında doğu tarafında yoğunluk gözlenirken, batı tarafının kadın kullanıcılar tarafından daha sınırlı kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. En sık gözlemlenen aktiviteler arasında konuşma, oyun oynama, yemek yeme ve ders çalışma yer almıştır. Ayrıca sınav haftası ve ders haftası arasında kullanıcı davranışlarında farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, kamusal açık mekânların kullanıcı profillerine uygun olarak tasarlanmasının, sosyal etkileşimi ve kullanıcı memnuniyetini artırmada kritik bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Gelecekteki tasarımların, kullanıcı davranışlarını destekleyecek esneklik, erişilebilirlik ve çeşitli etkinlik programlarıyla zenginleştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

References

  • Akgül Yalçın, E. (2012). Yer duygusu ve peyzaj değerleri arasındaki ilişkinin kampüsler üzerinde değerlendirilmesi [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ankara: Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Landscape Architecture.
  • Alpak, E., Düzenli, T., & Yılmaz, S. (2018). Kamusal açık mekânların kalitesi ve sosyal etkileşim üzerindeki etkileri. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 7(2), 624-638. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i2.1508
  • Andre, E., Williams, N., Schwartz, F., & Bullard, C. (2017). Benefits of campus outdoor recreation programs: A review of the literature. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 9(1), 15-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2017-V9-I1-7491
  • Appel-Meulenbroek, R., de Vries, B., & Weggeman, M. (2017). Knowledge sharing behavior: the role of spatial design in buildings. Environment and Behavior, 49(8), 874-903. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391651667340
  • Broussard, E. (2009). The power of place on campus. Chronicle of Higher Education, 55(34), 12-13. doi:https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-power-of-place-on-campus/
  • Clark, B. S., & Anderson, D. M. (2011). “I’d be dead if i didn’t have this class:” The role of leisure education in college student development. Recreational Sports Journal, 35(1), 45-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.35.1.45
  • Coley, R. L., Kuo, F. E., & Sullivan, W. C. (1997). Where does community grow? The social context created by nature in urban public housing. Environment and Behavior, 29(4), 468–494. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391659702900402
  • Colley, K., Brown, C., & Montarzino, A. (2017). Understanding knowledge workers’ interactions with workplace greenspace: Open space use and restoration experiences at urban-fringe business sites. Environment and Behavior, 49(3), 314-338.
  • Cooper, N., & Theriault, D. (2008). Environmental correlates of physical activity: Implications for campus recreation practitioners. Recreational Sports Journal, 32, 97-105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.32.2.97
  • Düzenli, T., Mumcu, S., Yılmaz., S., & Özbilen, A. (2012). Analyzing youth’s activity patterns in campus open spaces depending on their personal and social needs. Journal of Adult Development, 19, 201-214. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9147-1
  • Düzenli, T., Tarakçı Eren, E. & Alpak, E.M. (2019). Gençlerin açık mekân kullanımlari: KTÜ Kanuni kampüsü örneği. Social Sciences (NWSAENS), 14(1), 33-45. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2019.14.1.3C0182
  • Erdönmez, M. E., & Akı, A. (2005). Açık kamusal kent mekânlarının toplum ilişkilerindeki etkileri. MEGARON, 1(1), 67-87.
  • Fitzgerald, M., Joseph, A. P., & O’Regan, M. (1995). Leisure activities of adolescent school children. Journal of Adolescence, 18(3), 349–358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.1995.1024
  • Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. Washington, DC: Island Press. Gehl, J., & Svarre, B. (2013). Public space, public life: an interaction. In How to study public life. Washington, DC: Island Press. doi:https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-525-0_1
  • Gür, Ş. Ö. (1996). Mekân örgütlenmesi. Ankara: Gür Yayıncılık. Hasol, D. (2010). Ansiklopedik mimarlık sözlüğü. İstanbul: Yapı Endüstri Merkezi Yayınları.
  • Kanters, M. A., Bristol, D. G., & Attarian, A. (2002). The effects of outdoor experiential training on perceptions of college stress. . Journal of Experiential Education, 25(2), 257-267. doi:https://doi. org/10.1177/105382590202500203
  • Karadeniz Technical University. (2023 , December 22). Retrieved December 22, 2023, from https://www.ktu.edu.tr/tr/akademikyapi
  • Kweon, B. S., Sullivan, W. C., & Wiley, A. R. (1998). Green common spaces and the social integration of inner-city older adults. Environment and Behavior, 30(6), 832-858. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391659803000605
  • Madanipour, A. (1999). Why are the design and development of public spaces significant for cities? Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(6). doi:https://doi.org/10.1068/b260879
  • Mann, M., & Leahy, J. (2010). Social capital in an outdoor recreation context. Environmental Management, 45, 363–376. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9407-4
  • Owens, P. E. (1994). Teen places in sunshine, Australia: then and now. Children’s Environments, 11(4), 292-299.
  • Shaikh, H. M., Patterson, M. S., Lanning, B., Meyer, M. R., & Patterson, C. A. (2018). Assessing college students’ use of campus recreation facilities through individual and environmental factors. Recreational Sports Journal, 42, 145-159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.2017-0033
  • Turkish Language Society. (2020, January 30). Retrieved January 30, 2020, from https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Uzgören, G., & Erdönmez, M. E. (2017). Kamusal açık alanlarda mekân kalitesi ve kentsel mekân aktiviteleri ilişkisi üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir inceleme. MEGARON, 12(1), 41-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.866176
  • Whyte, W. (1980). The social life of small urban spaces. New York: Project for Public Spaces.
  • Zapata, O., & Honey-Roses, J. (2022). The behavioral response to increased pedestrian and staying activity in public space: A field experiment. Environment and Behavior, 54(1), 36-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520953147

Behavioral Impressions and Mapping in University Public Open Spaces

Year 2025, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 121 - 136, 31.07.2025

Abstract

This study investigates user behaviors in public open spaces within university campuses. The 15 July Democracy Square, located at Kanuni Campus of Karadeniz Technical University, serves as an important public open space meeting users' needs for social interaction, relaxation, and recreation. The research was conducted over a two-week observation period, with data collected through behavioral observation and photography techniques. The collected data were digitally mapped and analyzed. Findings revealed that male users were more active along pedestrian pathways in green spaces, while female users preferred areas near the pool. In the amphitheater, higher user density was observed on the eastern side, whereas the western side was used more sparingly by female users. Speaking, playing games, eating, and studying emerged as the most frequently observed activities. Differences in user behavior between exam weeks and regular class weeks were also identified. The results emphasize the importance of designing public open spaces that align with user profiles to enhance social interaction and satisfaction. Future designs should prioritize flexibility, accessibility, and diverse activity programs to support user engagement effectively.

References

  • Akgül Yalçın, E. (2012). Yer duygusu ve peyzaj değerleri arasındaki ilişkinin kampüsler üzerinde değerlendirilmesi [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ankara: Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Landscape Architecture.
  • Alpak, E., Düzenli, T., & Yılmaz, S. (2018). Kamusal açık mekânların kalitesi ve sosyal etkileşim üzerindeki etkileri. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 7(2), 624-638. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i2.1508
  • Andre, E., Williams, N., Schwartz, F., & Bullard, C. (2017). Benefits of campus outdoor recreation programs: A review of the literature. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 9(1), 15-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2017-V9-I1-7491
  • Appel-Meulenbroek, R., de Vries, B., & Weggeman, M. (2017). Knowledge sharing behavior: the role of spatial design in buildings. Environment and Behavior, 49(8), 874-903. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391651667340
  • Broussard, E. (2009). The power of place on campus. Chronicle of Higher Education, 55(34), 12-13. doi:https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-power-of-place-on-campus/
  • Clark, B. S., & Anderson, D. M. (2011). “I’d be dead if i didn’t have this class:” The role of leisure education in college student development. Recreational Sports Journal, 35(1), 45-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.35.1.45
  • Coley, R. L., Kuo, F. E., & Sullivan, W. C. (1997). Where does community grow? The social context created by nature in urban public housing. Environment and Behavior, 29(4), 468–494. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391659702900402
  • Colley, K., Brown, C., & Montarzino, A. (2017). Understanding knowledge workers’ interactions with workplace greenspace: Open space use and restoration experiences at urban-fringe business sites. Environment and Behavior, 49(3), 314-338.
  • Cooper, N., & Theriault, D. (2008). Environmental correlates of physical activity: Implications for campus recreation practitioners. Recreational Sports Journal, 32, 97-105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.32.2.97
  • Düzenli, T., Mumcu, S., Yılmaz., S., & Özbilen, A. (2012). Analyzing youth’s activity patterns in campus open spaces depending on their personal and social needs. Journal of Adult Development, 19, 201-214. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9147-1
  • Düzenli, T., Tarakçı Eren, E. & Alpak, E.M. (2019). Gençlerin açık mekân kullanımlari: KTÜ Kanuni kampüsü örneği. Social Sciences (NWSAENS), 14(1), 33-45. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2019.14.1.3C0182
  • Erdönmez, M. E., & Akı, A. (2005). Açık kamusal kent mekânlarının toplum ilişkilerindeki etkileri. MEGARON, 1(1), 67-87.
  • Fitzgerald, M., Joseph, A. P., & O’Regan, M. (1995). Leisure activities of adolescent school children. Journal of Adolescence, 18(3), 349–358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.1995.1024
  • Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. Washington, DC: Island Press. Gehl, J., & Svarre, B. (2013). Public space, public life: an interaction. In How to study public life. Washington, DC: Island Press. doi:https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-525-0_1
  • Gür, Ş. Ö. (1996). Mekân örgütlenmesi. Ankara: Gür Yayıncılık. Hasol, D. (2010). Ansiklopedik mimarlık sözlüğü. İstanbul: Yapı Endüstri Merkezi Yayınları.
  • Kanters, M. A., Bristol, D. G., & Attarian, A. (2002). The effects of outdoor experiential training on perceptions of college stress. . Journal of Experiential Education, 25(2), 257-267. doi:https://doi. org/10.1177/105382590202500203
  • Karadeniz Technical University. (2023 , December 22). Retrieved December 22, 2023, from https://www.ktu.edu.tr/tr/akademikyapi
  • Kweon, B. S., Sullivan, W. C., & Wiley, A. R. (1998). Green common spaces and the social integration of inner-city older adults. Environment and Behavior, 30(6), 832-858. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391659803000605
  • Madanipour, A. (1999). Why are the design and development of public spaces significant for cities? Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(6). doi:https://doi.org/10.1068/b260879
  • Mann, M., & Leahy, J. (2010). Social capital in an outdoor recreation context. Environmental Management, 45, 363–376. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9407-4
  • Owens, P. E. (1994). Teen places in sunshine, Australia: then and now. Children’s Environments, 11(4), 292-299.
  • Shaikh, H. M., Patterson, M. S., Lanning, B., Meyer, M. R., & Patterson, C. A. (2018). Assessing college students’ use of campus recreation facilities through individual and environmental factors. Recreational Sports Journal, 42, 145-159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.2017-0033
  • Turkish Language Society. (2020, January 30). Retrieved January 30, 2020, from https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Uzgören, G., & Erdönmez, M. E. (2017). Kamusal açık alanlarda mekân kalitesi ve kentsel mekân aktiviteleri ilişkisi üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir inceleme. MEGARON, 12(1), 41-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.866176
  • Whyte, W. (1980). The social life of small urban spaces. New York: Project for Public Spaces.
  • Zapata, O., & Honey-Roses, J. (2022). The behavioral response to increased pedestrian and staying activity in public space: A field experiment. Environment and Behavior, 54(1), 36-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520953147
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architecture (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Oğuz Kırcı 0000-0003-0471-3473

Publication Date July 31, 2025
Submission Date February 13, 2025
Acceptance Date June 12, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kırcı, O. (2025). Behavioral Impressions and Mapping in University Public Open Spaces. Livenarch+ Journal, 2(2), 121-136.