Deniz Orjinli Fungus Kaynakları ve Lakkaz Üretimi

Abstract

Lakkazlar (EC 1.10.3.2) ek bir kofaktöre ihtiyaç duymamaları, kararlı yapıda olmaları, fenolik ve fenolik olmayan bileşiklerde dahil olmak üzere geniş bir subsrat aralığına sahip olmaları gibi önemli özelliklere sahiptir. Endüstriyel süreçlerde kullanılmak üzere lakkaz enziminin elde edildiği birçok tür bulunur. Ancak bu süreçler için hala yüksek redoks potansiyeli, tuz toleransı ve sıcak-soğuk adaptiflik gibi özelliklere sahip yeni lakkaz kaynakları araştırılmaktadır. Fungal lakkazların kalıcı ve zor bozunan bileşiklerin parçalanmasındaki etkinliği de birçok kez rapor edilmiştir. Karasal sistemlerden çok sayıda lakkaz üretici fungus araştırılmış, üretim süreci optimize edilmiş, endüstriyel ve çevresel proseslere uygulanmış olmasına karşın deniz orjinli funguslardan lakkaz araştırmaları ve uygulamaları sınırlıdır. Fakat deniz orjinli fungusların denizel çevrelerdeki stres faktörlerine (değişken pH, sıcaklık, basınç, güneş ışığının farklı derinliğe sahip bölgelere nüfuz etmesindeki değişkenlik, düşük besin elementi koşulları gibi) adaptasyonları onların karasal muadillerinden daha farklı, keşfedilmemiş ve aktif metabolit üreticileri yapmaktadır. Bu derlemede lakkazın üretimi, optimizasyon çalışmaları, deniz orjinli lakkaz kaynaklarının önemi ve gelişen uygulama alanları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Keywords

• Lakkaz
• Deniz orjinli fungus
• Optimizasyon
• Parçalanma

Marine-Derived Fungal Sources and Laccase Production

Abstract

Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) have important properties such as not requiring an additional cofactor, significant stability, and a wide range of substrate including phenolic and non-phenolic compounds. There are many fungi from which the laccase enzyme is obtained for using in industrial processes. However, new laccase sources with properties such as high redox potential, salt tolerance and hot-cold adaptivity are still being investigated for these the processes. The efficacy of fungal laccases in degradation of persistent and hardly degradable compounds has also been reported many times. Although many laccase-producing fungi from terrestrial systems have been researched, the production process has been optimized and applied to industrial and environmental processes, laccase research and applications from marine origin fungi are limited. However, the adaptation of marine origin fungi to stress factors in marine environments (such as variable pH, temperature, pressure, variability in the penetration of sunlight to different depths, low nutrient conditions) makes them different, unexplored and active metabolite producers than their terrestrial equivalents. In this review, information was given about laccase production, optimization studies, importance of marine laccase sources and developing application areas.

Keywords

• Laccase
• Marine-derived fungi
• Optimization
• Degradation

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