Study on Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi Based on Vegetative Compatibility Groups and Races in Five Provinces of Iran

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 71 - 80, 30.12.2022

Nazyar Zandyavari Hossein Bayat Nader Hasanzadeh

Abstract

Fusarium wilt of carnation caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Fod) W.C.Snyder & H.N. Hensen, is the most important fungal disease in all main carnation growing regions of Iran. In 2020, sampling of infected plants was randomly carried out from carnation greenhouses in five provinces located in the North (Gilan, Golestan, and Mazandaran) and Middle (Tehran and Markazi) of Iran. Eighty-eight fungal isolates were identified as Fod by morphological characters (based on Nelson’s key identification), molecular method (PCR amplified of ITS region), and pathogenicity tests (according to the root dipping on sensitive cv. Rendezvous). In order to investigate on biodiversity of Iranian Fod isolates based on Vegetative Compatibility Groups (VCGs) and races, 70 isolates were randomly selected. These isolates were compared with eight Fod isolates from the collection of Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali (Di.Va.P.R.A) Patologia vegetale, Italy; which were used as references for races and VCGs. For DNA amplifying, primers R 1.8, R 2.1, and R 4.2 were employed. Amplified fragments of 295 bp and 564 bp were identified to race 1 (or 8; because these primers applied are not able to discriminate between the races), and race 2 (or 5 or 6), respectively. Furthermore, two VCG 0021 and VCG 0022 were identified amongst the Iranian Fod isolates. The relationship between the races and VCGs demonstrated that all race 1 (23 isolates) were categorized in VCG 0022, and race 2 (44 isolates) were grouped in VCG 0021. In addition, three isolates did not produce any amplification.

Keywords

carnation, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, vegetative compatibility groups, Iran, Races

İran’ın Beş İlinde Farklı Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi Mantar Türleri Üzerinde Grup ve Irkların Vejetatif Uyumluluğuna Dayalı Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi nin neden olduğu karanfil Fusarium solgunluğu (Fod) W.C.Snyder & H.N. Hensen, İran'ın tüm ana karanfil yetiştirme bölgelerindeki en önemli mantar hastalığıdır. 2019 yılında, İran'ın beş kuzey (Gilan, Golestan ve Mazandaran) ve orta (Tahran ve Orta) vilayetlerindeki karanfil seralarından enfekteli bitki örneklemesi rastgele yapıldı. Morfolojik özelliklere göre 88 mantar izolatı Fod olarak tanımlandı (Nelson'ın anahtar tanımlamasına göre), Moleküler yöntem (ITS bölgesinden amplifiye edilmiş PCR), ve patojenite testleri (hassas Randzo çeşidinde köklerin patojen süspansiyonuna daldırılması yöntemine dayalıdır) İranın gıda izolatlarının biyolojik çeşitliliğini araştırmak için, uyumluluk gruplar (VCG'ler) ve ırklara göre, 70 izolat rastgele seçildi. Bu izolatlar, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali (Di.Va.P.R.A) Patologia vegetale koleksiyonundan sekiz Fod izolatı ile karşılaştırıldı. İtalya; ırklar ve VCG'ler için referans olarak kullanılmıştır. DNA amplifikasyonu için R 1.8, R 2.1 ve R 4.2 primerleri kullanıldı. Sırasıyla ırk 1 (veya 8) için 295 bp ve 564 bp'lik amplifiye fragmanlar tanımlandı. (çünkü uygulanan bu primerler ırkları ayırt edemez) ve sırasıyla ırk 2 veya 5 veya 6. Ayrıca İran gıda izolatları arasında VCG 0021 ve VCG 0022 tespit edilmiştir. Irklar ve VCG'ler arasındaki ilişki, tüm ırk 1'in (23 izolat) VCG 0022'de sınıflandırıldığını gösterdi ve ırk 2 (44 izolat) VCG 0021'de gruplandırılmıştır. Ayrıca üç izolat herhangi bir amplifikasyon üretmedi.

Keywords

Karanfil, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi, bitkisel uyumluluk gruplari, irklar, İran, Races

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