FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK ÜZERİNE LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, önceki araştırmaları temel alarak, finansal okuryazarlığa ilişkin içgörü kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Finansal okuryazarlığa dönük tanımsal meseleler, finansal okuryazarlığın olası içselliği, mevcut literatürde ortaya çıkarılmış öncülleri ve sonculları, finansal okuryazarlıktan başka finansal karar vermede bireysel farklılık yaratabilecek diğer tahmin ediciler, finansal okuryazarlığı ölçme biçimi, hedeflenen anakütle bağlamlarında literatürün yan yana getirilmesi suretiyle bu araştırmalar arasında bazı benzerlik ve farklılıklar ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışma (i) ortak ve iyi yapılmış bir bir finansal okuryazarlık tanımlamasına ihtiyaç olduğuna, (ii) objektif ölçeklerin bireyler arasındaki finansal okuryazarlığı ölçmede daha iyi olabileceğine, (iii) finansal okuryazarlık yerine geçebilecek değişkenleri kullanmadan önce, sözkonusu değişkenin bireysel etkisi ile finansal okuryazarlık etkisini birbirinden ayırmanın zorluğu üzerine araştırmacıların yeniden düşünmelerine, (iv) finansal okuryazarlığın dışsal bir değişken olmaktan öte mümkün bir içsel değişken olabileceğine, (v) çalışmaların finansal okuryazarlık ile araştırma problemi arasındaki ilişkinin nasıl ortaya çıktığına yönelik açıklamayı içermesine, (vi) araştırma modellerine finansal karar vermeyi etkileyen diğer olası değişkenlerin dâhil edilmesi suretiyle finansal okuryazarlığın görece etkisinin öncelikle değerlendirilmesine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Finansal okuryazarlık
• finansal davranış
• subjektif-objektif finansal okuryazarlık ölçekleri

A LITERATURE REVIEW ON FINANCIAL LITERACY

Abstract

Based on prior research, this paper provides insights regarding financial literacy. Amidst this research, some similarities and contrarinesses have been manifested by juxtaposing this literature in terms of (1) definitional issues on financial literacy, (2) its probable endegoeneity, (3) its determinants and consequences established by the extant research, (4)other probable estimators of financial decision making which would individually make differences aside from financial literacy, (5)manner of measuring it (i.e., subjectiveobjective measures versus proxies, (6) targeted population for finding evidence. This study indicates that (i) there is a need of a common and well-structured definition of financial literacy due to the interchangeably usage of various concepts, all of which mean the financial knowledge level of individual, (ii) objective measures seem to work best in measuring financial literacy among individuals, (iii) researchers should reconsider about proxies for financial literacy in the event that individual effect of proxy may be difficult to be seperated, (iv) it is better to consider that financial literacy may be potentially endogenous variable rather than the exogenous one, (v) studies should present an explicit explanation how the relationship between financial literacy and research problem (e.g., investment preferences) occurred, (vi) relative impact of financial literacy should be preemptively examined by incorporating other potential factors influencing financial decision making into research models

Keywords

• Financial literacy
• financial behavior
• subjective-objective financial literacy measures

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