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Abstract

Recent statistics reveal that by 2050 a minimum 70% increase in agricultural production is to be achieved to feed the steadily growing world population. Climate change, frequent natural disasters, soil degradation and urbanisation reduce cultivable land areas and result in imbalance between supply and demand of food commodities. As a consequence, higher agricultural commodity prices and food shortages require more support to increase food production and to combat poverty. Lack of access to finance is a key impediment for the majority of farmers in improving the efficiency of their productions and adopting better technologies.With reference to agricultural financing field, we overviewed historical trends, issues, financing methods and policy preferences within a global perspective and a framework for Turkey. Based on the secondary data, utilizing time-series illustrative analysis, our research question focused on the adequacy and efficiency of formal credit resources allocated to agricultural sector in Turkey. We revealed that during the rewiev period, the relative size of formal credit resources allocated to agricultural area decreased gradually; recent inflantionary trend in Turkey is triggered by high food prices and; new adjustment policy measures that include selective credit policy tools are required

Keywords

• Agricultural sector, agricultural finance, financing methods

TARIMSAL FİNANSMANDA TRENDLER VE SORUNLAR: GLOBAL BİR BAKIŞ VE TÜRKİYE UYGULAMASI

Öz

Yakın tarihli istatistikler, devamlı büyüyen Dünya nüfusunu beslemek için 2050 yılına kadar tarımsal üretimde en az 70% büyüme gerektiğini göstermektedir. İklim değişikliği, sıkça yaşanan doğal felaketler, toprak dejenerasyonu ve şehirleşme ekilebilir alanları azaltarak gıda maddelerinde arz talep dengesizliğine neden olmaktadır. Yükselen tarımsal madde fiyatları ve gıda kıtlıkları sonuçunda, tarımsal üretimi arttırmak ve fakirlikle mücadele için daha fazla desteğe ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Finansman temininde yaşanan engeller tarımsal işletmelerin çoğunluğunu etkileyerek tarımsal verimin arttırılması ve ileri teknolojilerin kullanılmasını önlemektedir. Çalışmamızda tarımsal finansman alanındaki tarihsel trendler, metodlar ve uygulama politikaları global perspektif ve Türkiye kapsamında incelama konusu yapılmıştır. Araştırmamız ikinci kaynaktan sağlanan zaman serisi verilerine dayalı grafiksel analiz kapsamında Türkiye’de bankacılık sektörünce tarımsal sektöre tahsis edilen kredi kaynaklarının yeterli ve etkin olup olmadığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. İnceleme döneminde tarım sektörüne tahsis edilen tarımsal kredilerin nisbi büyüklüğünün tedricen düştüğü anlaşılmıştır. Türkiye’de yakın geçmişte oluşan enflasyon trendinin gıda fiyatlarına bağlı olan yükselişi, selektif kredi uygulamaları kapsamında oluşturulacak düzeltici bir kredi politikasına ihtiyaç göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tarımsal sektör, tarımsal finansman, finansman metodları

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