TARIMSAL FİNANSMANDA TRENDLER VE SORUNLAR: GLOBAL BİR BAKIŞ VE TÜRKİYE UYGULAMASI

Year 2015, Volume: 7 Issue: 12, 173 - 195, 20.04.2015

Celal Taşçı

https://doi.org/10.14784/jfrs.61987

Abstract

Yakın tarihli istatistikler, devamlı büyüyen Dünya nüfusunu beslemek için 2050 yılına kadar tarımsal
üretimde en az 70% büyüme gerektiğini göstermektedir. İklim değişikliği, sıkça yaşanan doğal felaketler, toprak dejenerasyonu ve şehirleşme ekilebilir alanları azaltarak gıda maddelerinde arz talep dengesizliğine
neden olmaktadır. Yükselen tarımsal madde fiyatları ve gıda kıtlıkları sonuçunda, tarımsal üretimi arttırmak
ve fakirlikle mücadele için daha fazla desteğe ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Finansman temininde yaşanan
engeller tarımsal işletmelerin çoğunluğunu etkileyerek tarımsal verimin arttırılması ve ileri teknolojilerin
kullanılmasını önlemektedir.
Çalışmamızda tarımsal finansman alanındaki tarihsel trendler, metodlar ve uygulama politikaları global
perspektif ve Türkiye kapsamında incelama konusu yapılmıştır. Araştırmamız ikinci kaynaktan sağlanan
zaman serisi verilerine dayalı grafiksel analiz kapsamında Türkiye’de bankacılık sektörünce tarımsal sektöre
tahsis edilen kredi kaynaklarının yeterli ve etkin olup olmadığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. İnceleme
döneminde tarım sektörüne tahsis edilen tarımsal kredilerin nisbi büyüklüğünün tedricen düştüğü
anlaşılmıştır. Türkiye’de yakın geçmişte oluşan enflasyon trendinin gıda fiyatlarına bağlı olan yükselişi,
selektif kredi uygulamaları kapsamında oluşturulacak düzeltici bir kredi politikasına ihtiyaç göstermektedir.

Keywords

Tarımsal sektör, tarımsal finansman, finansman metodları

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