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Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models

Year 2014, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 30 - 40, 12.03.2015
https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.00513

Abstract

The work presented in this paper aims to study the aerodynamic characteristics and performance of the NREL phase II rotor that is a horizontal axis upwind wind turbine rotor using a commercial 3-D Navier-Stokes solver FLUENT®. This solver is third order accurate in space and second order accurate in time, and uses an implicit time marching scheme. In this study, four turbulence models including Spalart-Allmaras (S-A), Standard k-, RNG- k-  and SST k- models were used and evaluated. These models are considered to be the work horses of the turbulence modeling literature. The numerical results for considered wind turbine rotor were compared to  the available experimental data.

An unstructured grid of approximately 2 million cells is generated using the GAMBIT software, was used in computations. The comparisons show that CFD results along with the turbulence models used can predict the span-wise loading of the wind turbine rotor with reasonable agreement.

References

  • Robinson, M.C., Simms, D.A., Hand, M.M., Schreck, S.J., Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics: Three-Dimensional Unsteady and Separated Flow Influences, 3rd ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, FEDSM99-S295-01, 1999.
  • Burton, T., Sharpe, D., Jenkins, N., Bossanyi, E., Wind Energy Handbook, John-Wiley and Sons, 2001.
  • Hansen, M.O.L., Sorensen, J.N., Voutsinas, S., Sorensen, N., Madsen, H.Aa., State of the Art Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity, Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 42, 2006, pp. 285 – 330.
  • Reese, H., Kato, C., Carolus, T.H., Large Eddy Simulation of Acoustical Sources in a Low Pressure Axial-Flow Fan Encountering Highly Turbulent Flow, ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 129, 2007, pp. 263 – 272.
  • Gorla, R.S.R., Khan, A.A., Turbomachinery: Design and Theory, Marcel Dekker, 2003. Jimenez, A., Crespo, A., Migoya, E., Garcia J., Advances in Large Eddy Simulation of a Wind Turbine Wake, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 75, 2007.
  • Pope, S.B.,Turbulent flow , Combridge University press, 2001.
  • Wolfstein , M., Some Comments on Turbulence Modeling, International Jurnal of Heat and Mass Trensfer, vol.52,2009 , pp.4103-4107
  • Tony Burton,David Sharpe,Nick Jenkins,Ervin Bossanyi, Wind Energy Handbook, JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD, 2001.
  • Martin O. L. Hansen, Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines, Second Edition, published by Earthscan in the UK and USA in 2008
  • Jonkman JM. , Modeling of the UAE wind turbine for refinement of FASTAD, NREL/TP-500-34755. Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Dec.ber 2003
  • J. L. Tangier , NREL Airfoil Families for HAWTs, National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden,Colorado 80401-3393, updated AWEA 1995.
  • Hand, D.G. Infield, H.A. Madsen, R.J.H. Paynter and D.A. Simms,“Final report of IEA Annex XIV: field rotor aerodynamics”, ECNC-97-027, Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, 1997.
  • D. Simms, S. Schreck, M. Hand and L. Fingersh, “NREL Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment in the NASA-Ames Wind Tunnel: A Comparison of Predictions to Measurements”, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/TP-500-29494, 2001.
  • J.C. Tannehill, D.A. Anderson and RH. Pletcher, “Computational Mechanics and Heat Transfer”. Taylor & Francis Inc., NY, 2nd ed.,1997.
  • Fluent Inc., Fluent 6.2 Documentation-User’s Guide, 2004.
  • P.R. Spalart and S.R. Allmaras, “A one-equation turbulence model for aerodynamic flows”, Technical Report AIAA-92-0439,American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992.
  • D.C Wilcox, “Turbulence modelling for CFD”. DCW Industries Inc., 2nd ed., 1998.
  • David Hartwanger* and Dr Andrej Horvat ,3D MODELLING OF A WIND TURBINE USING CFD, NAFEMS Conference 2008, United Kingdom
  • Chalothorn T. and Tawit Ch., Optimal Pitch for Untwisted Blade Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine, 21-23 November 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Kamyar M., M. Y.et.al.(July 2011) Effects of turbulence model in computational fluid dynamics of horizontal axis wind turbine aerodynamic, Amirkabir University of Technology Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 15875-4413 IRAN
  • Abhishek G. R., Saskatchewan J.et.al.( 2007),Prediction of aerodynamic forces on wind turbine blades using computational fluid dynamics, Gupta, Abhishek ,Canada
  • Armen S.et.al.( Dec. 2010), SIMULATION AND MODELING OF FLOW FIELD AROUND A HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE (HAWT) USING RANS METHOD Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.
  • N.S. Tachos,, A.E. Filios2, D.P. Margaris1 and J.K. Kaldellis.(2009) A Computational Aerodynamics Simulation of the NREL Phase II Rotor University of Patras, GR-265 04 Patras, Greece

Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models

Year 2014, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 30 - 40, 12.03.2015
https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.00513

Abstract

The work presented in this paper aims to study the aerodynamic characteristics and performance of the NREL phase II rotor that is a horizontal axis upwind wind turbine rotor using a commercial 3-D Navier-Stokes solver FLUENT®. This solver is third order accurate in space and second order accurate in time, and uses an implicit time marching scheme. In this study, four turbulence models including Spalart-Allmaras (S-A), Standard k- , RNG- k- and SST k- models were used and evaluated. These models are considered to be the work horses of the turbulence modeling literature. The numerical results for considered wind turbine rotor were compared to the available experimental data. An unstructured grid of approximately 2 million cells is generated using the GAMBIT software, was used in computations. The comparisons show that CFD results along with the turbulence models used can predict the span-wise loading of the wind turbine rotor with reasonable agreement.

References

  • Robinson, M.C., Simms, D.A., Hand, M.M., Schreck, S.J., Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics: Three-Dimensional Unsteady and Separated Flow Influences, 3rd ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, FEDSM99-S295-01, 1999.
  • Burton, T., Sharpe, D., Jenkins, N., Bossanyi, E., Wind Energy Handbook, John-Wiley and Sons, 2001.
  • Hansen, M.O.L., Sorensen, J.N., Voutsinas, S., Sorensen, N., Madsen, H.Aa., State of the Art Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity, Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 42, 2006, pp. 285 – 330.
  • Reese, H., Kato, C., Carolus, T.H., Large Eddy Simulation of Acoustical Sources in a Low Pressure Axial-Flow Fan Encountering Highly Turbulent Flow, ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 129, 2007, pp. 263 – 272.
  • Gorla, R.S.R., Khan, A.A., Turbomachinery: Design and Theory, Marcel Dekker, 2003. Jimenez, A., Crespo, A., Migoya, E., Garcia J., Advances in Large Eddy Simulation of a Wind Turbine Wake, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 75, 2007.
  • Pope, S.B.,Turbulent flow , Combridge University press, 2001.
  • Wolfstein , M., Some Comments on Turbulence Modeling, International Jurnal of Heat and Mass Trensfer, vol.52,2009 , pp.4103-4107
  • Tony Burton,David Sharpe,Nick Jenkins,Ervin Bossanyi, Wind Energy Handbook, JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD, 2001.
  • Martin O. L. Hansen, Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines, Second Edition, published by Earthscan in the UK and USA in 2008
  • Jonkman JM. , Modeling of the UAE wind turbine for refinement of FASTAD, NREL/TP-500-34755. Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Dec.ber 2003
  • J. L. Tangier , NREL Airfoil Families for HAWTs, National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden,Colorado 80401-3393, updated AWEA 1995.
  • Hand, D.G. Infield, H.A. Madsen, R.J.H. Paynter and D.A. Simms,“Final report of IEA Annex XIV: field rotor aerodynamics”, ECNC-97-027, Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, 1997.
  • D. Simms, S. Schreck, M. Hand and L. Fingersh, “NREL Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment in the NASA-Ames Wind Tunnel: A Comparison of Predictions to Measurements”, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/TP-500-29494, 2001.
  • J.C. Tannehill, D.A. Anderson and RH. Pletcher, “Computational Mechanics and Heat Transfer”. Taylor & Francis Inc., NY, 2nd ed.,1997.
  • Fluent Inc., Fluent 6.2 Documentation-User’s Guide, 2004.
  • P.R. Spalart and S.R. Allmaras, “A one-equation turbulence model for aerodynamic flows”, Technical Report AIAA-92-0439,American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992.
  • D.C Wilcox, “Turbulence modelling for CFD”. DCW Industries Inc., 2nd ed., 1998.
  • David Hartwanger* and Dr Andrej Horvat ,3D MODELLING OF A WIND TURBINE USING CFD, NAFEMS Conference 2008, United Kingdom
  • Chalothorn T. and Tawit Ch., Optimal Pitch for Untwisted Blade Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine, 21-23 November 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Kamyar M., M. Y.et.al.(July 2011) Effects of turbulence model in computational fluid dynamics of horizontal axis wind turbine aerodynamic, Amirkabir University of Technology Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 15875-4413 IRAN
  • Abhishek G. R., Saskatchewan J.et.al.( 2007),Prediction of aerodynamic forces on wind turbine blades using computational fluid dynamics, Gupta, Abhishek ,Canada
  • Armen S.et.al.( Dec. 2010), SIMULATION AND MODELING OF FLOW FIELD AROUND A HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE (HAWT) USING RANS METHOD Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.
  • N.S. Tachos,, A.E. Filios2, D.P. Margaris1 and J.K. Kaldellis.(2009) A Computational Aerodynamics Simulation of the NREL Phase II Rotor University of Patras, GR-265 04 Patras, Greece
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sebit Kody

Emre Alpman

Barış Yılmaz

Publication Date March 12, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 26 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kody, S., Alpman, E., & Yılmaz, B. (2015). Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(2), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.00513
AMA Kody S, Alpman E, Yılmaz B. Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models. MAJPAS. March 2015;26(2):30-40. doi:10.7240/mufbed.00513
Chicago Kody, Sebit, Emre Alpman, and Barış Yılmaz. “Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 26, no. 2 (March 2015): 30-40. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.00513.
EndNote Kody S, Alpman E, Yılmaz B (March 1, 2015) Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 26 2 30–40.
IEEE S. Kody, E. Alpman, and B. Yılmaz, “Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models”, MAJPAS, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 30–40, 2015, doi: 10.7240/mufbed.00513.
ISNAD Kody, Sebit et al. “Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 26/2 (March 2015), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.00513.
JAMA Kody S, Alpman E, Yılmaz B. Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models. MAJPAS. 2015;26:30–40.
MLA Kody, Sebit et al. “Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 2, 2015, pp. 30-40, doi:10.7240/mufbed.00513.
Vancouver Kody S, Alpman E, Yılmaz B. Computational Studies of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Using Advanced Turbulence Models. MAJPAS. 2015;26(2):30-4.

Marmara Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

e-ISSN : 2146-5150