İslam ülkelerinde altarnatif bir finansman ürünü olarak son dönemlerde oldukça rağbet gören sukuk, giderek
finansal sistemin önemli bir yapı taşı haline gelmektedir. Bugün pekçok otorite sukuk üzerine kurgulanmış ekonomik bir sistemin gelecekte dünya çapında muazzam bir büyüme potansiyeli taşıdığını ifade etmektedir. Önceleri sadece faize karşı mesafeli bazı kesimlerce yatırım ve finansman ihtiyaçlarına yönelik olarak çıkarılan sukuk
sertifikaları, bugün müslüman olsun gayrımüslim olsun hemen her kesimin dikkatini celbeden, hükümetler ve
firmalar tarafından çeşitli projelerin finansmanında likidite aracı olarak kullanılan önemli bir yöntem olmaktadır.
Çünkü sukuk yapısı itibariyle faize altarnatif bir yatırım aracı olmasının yanısıra, tarafları nakit finansman araçlarının sahip olduğu sıkıntılardan koruyarak dolaylı yoldan mal ve hizmet üretimini arttırmakta, artan üretim ile
ekonomik göstergeleri iyileştirmekte, iyileşen bu ortam neticesinde ülke refaha ulaşmaktadır. Finansman ihtiyacı
nedeniyle sukuk ihracına giden taraflar ihtiyaç duydukları finansmanı faizsiz şekilde temin ederken, diğer yandan
ilgili sukuklara yatırım yapan yatırımcılar faizsiz ve dönemsel getiri niteliğindeki “kira geliri-kârpayı-satış geliri”
gibi bir takım yatırım avantajları kazandığı sukuk modeli; belirsizliğin olmadığı, kuvvetli maddi varlıklara dayanan, borç senedi hükmünde olmayan, anapara ve sabit kazanç vaad etmediğinden “Risk Paylaşımını” merkeze
alan bir yapıda olup; üzerine düşülüp gerekli altyapı çalışmaları tamamlanırsa, ülkelerin GSMH’larını destekleyici
bir unsur olarak ekonomik refahı yakalamada kilit bir rol oynayabilecektir. Özellikle yurtdışı kaynaklı çok sayıda
amprik ve teorik çalışma bulgularına rastlanılan bu çalışmada amaç; sukuk hakkında yeterli ölçüde bilinmeyen
potansiyel yapıya dikkat çekmek ve genel olarak bir farkındalık oluşturmak olmaktadır. Makalede bilimsel çalışma
kuramlarından “Nitel Veri Analizi” yapılmış olup; ağırlıklı “Derleme ve Sentez” yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Sukuk, which has recently become very popular as an alternative financing product in Islamic countries, is gradually becoming an important building block of the financial system. Today, many authorities state that an economic
system built on sukuk has a tremendous growth potential worldwide in the future. Sukuk certificates, which were
previously issued only for investment and financing needs by some segments that were distant from interest, are
today an important method that attracts the attention of almost every segment, whether Muslim or non-Muslim,
and is used by governments and companies as a liquidity tool in the financing of various projects. Because sukuk is
not only an alternative investment instrument to interest, but also indirectly increases the production of goods and
services by protecting the parties from the problems of cash financing instruments, improves economic indicators
with increased production, and as a result of this improved environment, the country reaches prosperity. While the
parties that go to sukuk issuance due to financing needs obtain the financing they need in an interest-free manner,
on the other hand, the investors who invest in the relevant sukuk gain a number of investment advantages such as
interest-free and periodic returns such as “rental income, dividend and sales income”; The sukuk model, which is
based on strong tangible assets where there is no uncertainty, does not have the status of debt securities, does not
promise principal and fixed earnings, and focuses on “Risk Sharing”; if the necessary infrastructure works are completed, it can play a key role in achieving economic welfare as a supportive element of the GNP of countries. The aim of
this study, which includes the findings of many empirical and theoretical studies, especially from abroad, is to draw
attention to the potential structure that is not sufficiently known about sukuk and to raise awareness in general.
In the article, “Qualitative Data Analysis”, one of the scientific study theories, was used and the “Compilation and
Synthesis” method was used predominantly
Sukuk, which has recently become very popular as an alternative financing product in Islamic countries, is gradually becoming an important building block of the financial system. Today, many authorities state that an economic system built on sukuk has a tremendous growth potential worldwide in the future. Sukuk certificates, which were previously issued only for investment and financing needs by some segments that had a distant stance against interest, are today an important method that attracts the attention of almost every segment, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, and is used by governments and companies as a liquidity tool in financing various projects. Because sukuk is not only an alternative investment instrument to interest, but also protects the parties from the problems of cash financing instruments, indirectly increases the production of goods and services, improves economic indicators with increased production, and as a result of this improved environment, the country reaches prosperity. In the sukuk transaction in question; on the one hand, the parties who go to sukuk issuance due to financing needs obtain the financing they need in an interest-free manner, while on the other hand, investors who invest by purchasing the relevant sukuk earn interest-free and periodic returns. In addition, sukuk have the potential to offer returns such as "rental income-dividends" instead of pure interest income. It is not used in areas where uncertainty is intense, it is issued based on strong existing assets, it is not a debt security, it does not promise principal and fixed earnings. In short, there is the principle of "Risk Sharing" in Islamic Law, which is valid in shopping. In this direction, if the necessary infrastructure works are created, sukuk can play a key role in achieving economic prosperity as a supportive element in the GNP of countries.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Ecological Economics, Heterodox Economics, Islamic Economy |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
Published in Issue | Year 2023 |