Özet
İslâm düşünce muhitinde akıl hakkında geliştirilen kelâmî, felsefî ve tasavvufî düşüncelerin, Hanefî
usûlcülerin akıl tasavvuru üzerinde etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Hanefî usûlünün kurucu isimlerinden
Debûsî’nin yaptığı akıl tarifi, Serahsî ve Pezdevî tarafından revize edilerek benimsenmiş ve
bu haliyle Hanefî literatürünü etkilemiştir. Sonraki dönem Hanefî âlimleri, filozoflar tarafından
geliştirilen dört mertebeli akıl anlayışı ile ilk devir Hanefî usulcülerinin akıl tasavvurunu birleştirerek
fıkıh usulü tarihinde önemli bir sentez gerçekleştirmişlerdir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Akıl, akıl mertebeleri, mükellefiyet, akl bi’l-meleke, Debûsî, Serahsî, Pezdevî,
Sadruşşeria.
Abstract
The ideas about intellect developed by the Muslim theologians (mutakallimun), philosophers and
the Sufis had an impact on the conception of Hanafite legal theorists of the intellect. The definition
of the intellect (‘aql) put forth by one of the early founding figures of Hanafi legal theory
(usul al-fiqh), Abu Zayd ad-Dabusi was adopted and advanced by two classical authorities of this
tradition, namely as-Sarakhsi and al-Pazdawi. Their formulation of the definition of intellect
heavily affected post-classical Hanafi ideas as presented in the genre of usul al-fiqh. The scholars
who came after as-Sarakhsi and al-Pazdawi however made a synthesis between the idea of the
stages of intellect as developed by the Muslim philosophical tradition and the definition of intellect
by the classical Hanafi legal theorists.
Key Words: Intellect, stages of intellect, obligation, intellect in habitu, Dabusi, Sarakhsi, Pazdawi,
Sadr al-Shari‘a.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Research Article |
Authors | |
Publication Date | March 5, 2014 |
Published in Issue | Year 2011 Issue: 40 |
International Journal of Theological and Islamic Studies
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