Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on maxillofacial trauma etiology

Year 2021, , 312 - 318, 27.10.2021

Melekber Cavus Ozkan Omer Sarac

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1012413

Abstract

Objective: Maxillofacial trauma (MFT) is a frequent presentation in the emergency department (ED) which requires a multidisciplinary
approach. Although, its etiology and diversity of injuries are almost similar worldwide, the causes may differ among the countries
depending on the sociocultural and environmental factors and local traffic regulations. This study aims to evaluate etiologies of
maxillofacial traumas (MFTs) in ED and to compare etiologies of MFTs during COVID-19 pandemic with the previous year.
Patients and Methods: Totally 84 (61 males, 23 females) patients admitted to ED of our center with MFT between March 15th – April
30th, 2020 were included. The control group consisted of 148 (112 males, 36 females) MFT patients admitted to ED in the previous
year (March 15th-April 30th, 2019). Data including age, sex, cause of trauma, treatment, and COVID-19 infection status within 14 days
after ED admission were compared between groups.
Results: Mean age was 31.88±2.53 years in the patient group and 31.40±1.74 years in the control group. Number of patients admitted
to ED with MFTs decreased by 43.3% during pandemic compared to the previous year. Majority of MFTs occurred at home, followed
by public places, traffic, and workplaces in both time periods. During pandemic, the rate of home accidents increased and MFTs
occurred in the public places decreased.
Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic-mandated social restrictions lead to a decrease in the number of MFTs. However, home accidents
are the main cause of MFTs. Spread of COVID-19 infection in the hospital setting can be minimized with necessary precautions.

Keywords

Maxillofacial trauma, COVID-19, Emergency department, Plastic Surgery, Lockdown

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