Plasentaya Sınırlı Mozaiklik ve İntrauterin Gelişme Geriliği

Abstract

Plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik, karyotipi normal olan bir fetusa ait plasentada kromozomu anormal olan bir hücre dizisinin var olmasıdır. Koryon villus örneklemesinde hem normal hem de anöploid hücre dizisi saptanırken, fetal kan veya amniyon sıvısı incelemelerinde sadece normal hücre dizisinin bulunması ile tanı konur. Uniparental dizomi ise bir homolog kromozom çiftinin her ikisinin aynı ebevenyden gelmesine verilen isimdir ve plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik ile birlikte görülebilir. İdiyopatik intrauterin gelişme geriliği olgularında plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik prevalansı %15,7 ile %25 arasında değişmektedir. Plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik aynı zamanda oligohidramniyos, spontan abortus ve fetal kayıp ile de ilişkilendirilmiştir. İntrauterin gelişme geriliği en sık 2,7,15 ve 16 numaralı kromozomlarda görülen plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik olgularında ve 7,11,14, 15 ve 16 numaralı kromozomlardaki uniparental dizomi olgularında bildirilmiştir. Uniparental dizomi olgularında gelişme geriliğinin plasental mozaiklik nedeniyle mi, yoksa uniparental dizominin kendisinden dolayı mı geliştiği net olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu makalede, konuyla ilgili klinik çalışma ve olgu sunumlarını derleyerek, plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik ile intrauterin gelişme geriliği arasındaki ilişkiyi özetlemeyi amaçladık.

Keywords

• Plasentaya sınırlı mozaiklik, Intrauterin gelişme geriliği,Uniparental dizomi

References

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