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Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population

Year 2021, , 132 - 139, 31.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.939806

Abstract

Objective: Due to the increase in the elderly population, there is an increase in chronic diseases, infections, depression , and nutritional
problems as well as a decrease in cognitive abilities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutritional status, depression
symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analytic study which took place between first day of April to first day of June
in 2018 in three family health centers selected by simple random sampling from random numbers table in Konya, Turkey. Mini
Nutritional Assessment normal (MNA) and short form (MNA-SF), Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (GDS-30) and the Standardized
Mini-Mental Test (SMMT) was applied to 298 elderly people.
Results: Mild dementia was found in 11.4% (n=34) and, depression symptoms were detected in 5.7% (n=17) of total. MNA-SF showed that
15.8% were under the risk of malnutrition while 2.3% had malnutrition. MNA-SF total score (p=0.004) was significantly higher in males
than in females showing that there was more cognitive impairment in women than men. There was a significant relationship between
the presence of dementia and gender (p=0.048), age groups (p=0.006), education (p<0.001), MNA-SF (p=0.012) and MNA (p=0.002).
Conclusion: The frequency of dementia was higher in women, in low educated, depressive and aged ones and in those with
malnutrition. Regarding dementia, depression and malnutrition in the elderly in primary care; it is important to use well designed
specific scales to these conditions for early diagnosis.

References

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  • WHO Expert Committee. Health of Elderly. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1989. Technical Report Series 779. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_779.pdf. Access date: 05.01.2019.
  • Elderly with Statistics, 2017. Turkey Statistical Institute (TSI). www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.sayı:27595. Access date: 10.09.2018.
  • Ahmed T, Haboubi N. Assessment and management of nutrition in older people and its importance to health. Clin Interv Aging 2010;5:207-16. doi: 10.2147/cia.s9664.
  • Gürvit H, Bilgiç B. The concept of dementia, developmental and acquired disorders of dementia. Emre M, ed. Neurology Basic Book. First Edition, Ankara: Güneş Medical Bookstores, 2013;936-938 (In Turkish)
  • Arslantas D, Ozbabalik D, Metintas S, et al. Prevalence of dementia and associated risk factors in Middle Anatolia, Turkey. J Clin Neurosci 2009;16:1455-9. doi: 10.1016/j. jocn.2009.03.033. Epub 2009 Sep 11.
  • Sozeri-Varma G. Depression in the elderly: Clinical features and risk factors. Aging Dis 2012;3:465-471.
  • Folstein MF, Folstein JE, McHugh PR. “Mini Mental State” a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
  • Gungen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yasar R, Engin F. Reliability and validity of the standardized mini mental state examination in the diagnosis of mild dementia in turkish population. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2002;13:273-281.
  • Vellas B, Villars H, Abellan G, et al. Overview of the MNA—Its history and challenges. J Nutr Health Aging 2006;10:456-63.
  • Rubenstein LZ, Harker JO, Salva A, Guigoz Y, Vellas B. Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF). J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001;56:M366-72. doi: 10.1093/ gerona/56.6.m366.
  • Sarikaya D, Halil M, Kuyumcu ME, et al. Mini nutritional assessment test long and short form are valid screening tools in Turkish older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015;61:56-60. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.04.006.
  • Arıoğul S (ed). Yaşlılarda malnütrisyon kılavuzu. Ankara: Akademik Geriatri Derneği, 2013.
  • Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 1982-1983;17:37-49. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4.
  • Ertan T, Eker E, Sar V. Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale in Turkish elderly population. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi 1997;34:62-71.
  • Ertekin A, Özdemir G, Özel L, Özyıldırım E, Ulvi H. An investigation of the risk factors and prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in the eastern region of Turkey. Eur J Gen Med 2015;12:144-51. doi.org/10.15197/sabad.1.12.29
  • Bulut S, Ekici I, Polat A, et al. Prevalence of dementia and dementia subgroups in Abdullahpaşa region of Elazığ province. Journal of Dementia 2002; 2:105-110. (Article in Turkish)
  • Scazufca M, Menezes PR, Vallada HP, et al. High prevalence of dementia among older adults from poor socioeconomic backgrounds in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Int Psychogeriatr 2008;20:394-405. doi: 10.1017/S104.161.0207005625.
  • Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Yavuz BB, Dagli N, Ariogul S. Depression and concomitant diseases in a Turkish geriatric outpatient setting. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2005;40(3):307-15. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2004.10.002.
  • Hustey FM, Smith MD. A depression screen and intervention for older ED Patients. Am J Emerg Med 2007;25:133-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.05.016.
  • Sahin EM, Yalcın BM. Comparing the incidences of depression at the elderly living in nursing home or at their own homes. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2003;6:10-3.
  • Montejano Lozoya R, Martínez-Alzamora N, Clemente Marín G, Guirao-Goris SJA, Ferrer-Diego RM. Predictive ability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) in a free-living elderly population: a cross-sectional study. Peer J 2017;5:e3345. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3345. eCollection 2017.
  • Saka B, Kaya O, Ozturk GB, Erten N, Karan MA. Malnutrition in the elderly and its relationship with other geriatric syndromes. Clin Nutr 2010;29:745-8. doi: 10.1016/j. clnu.2010.04.006. Epub 2010 Jun 2.
  • Gorji HA, Alikhani M, Mohseni M, Moradi-Joo M, Ziaiifar H, Moosavi A. The prevalence of malnutrition in Iranian Elderly: A review article. Iran J Public Health 2017;46:1603-10.
  • Tsai AC, Ho CS, Chang MC. Assessing the prevalence of malnutrition with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in a nationally representative sample of elderly Taiwanese. J Nutr Health Aging. 2008;12:239-43. doi: 10.1007/BF02982628.
  • Hai S, Cao L, Yang X, et al. Association between nutrition status and cognitive impairment among Chinese nonagenarians and centenarians. International Journal of Gerontology 2017;17(4):215-19. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2016.12.002
  • Kutlu R, Karaoglu N, Marakoglu K, Civi S. Evaluation of the mini-mental state examination among the elderly people in Konya, Turkey. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2006;11:297-301.
  • Castellani R, Rolston RK, Smith MA. Alzheimer disease. Dis Mon 2010;56: 484-546. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2010.06.001.
  • Sharp ES, Gatz M. Relationship between education and dementia: an updated systematic review. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2011;25:289-304. doi:10.1097/WAD.0b013e318211c83c.
  • Zhang Y, Shi Z, Liu M, et al. Prevalence of cognitive impairment no dementia in a rural area of Northern China. Neuroepidemiology 2014;42:197-203. doi: 10.1159/000360138.
Year 2021, , 132 - 139, 31.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.939806

Abstract

References

  • Prince M, Bryce R, Albanese E, Wimo A, Ribeiro W, Ferri CP. The global prevalence of dementia: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Alzheimers Dement 2013;9:63-75.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.11.007.
  • WHO Expert Committee. Health of Elderly. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1989. Technical Report Series 779. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_779.pdf. Access date: 05.01.2019.
  • Elderly with Statistics, 2017. Turkey Statistical Institute (TSI). www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.sayı:27595. Access date: 10.09.2018.
  • Ahmed T, Haboubi N. Assessment and management of nutrition in older people and its importance to health. Clin Interv Aging 2010;5:207-16. doi: 10.2147/cia.s9664.
  • Gürvit H, Bilgiç B. The concept of dementia, developmental and acquired disorders of dementia. Emre M, ed. Neurology Basic Book. First Edition, Ankara: Güneş Medical Bookstores, 2013;936-938 (In Turkish)
  • Arslantas D, Ozbabalik D, Metintas S, et al. Prevalence of dementia and associated risk factors in Middle Anatolia, Turkey. J Clin Neurosci 2009;16:1455-9. doi: 10.1016/j. jocn.2009.03.033. Epub 2009 Sep 11.
  • Sozeri-Varma G. Depression in the elderly: Clinical features and risk factors. Aging Dis 2012;3:465-471.
  • Folstein MF, Folstein JE, McHugh PR. “Mini Mental State” a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
  • Gungen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yasar R, Engin F. Reliability and validity of the standardized mini mental state examination in the diagnosis of mild dementia in turkish population. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2002;13:273-281.
  • Vellas B, Villars H, Abellan G, et al. Overview of the MNA—Its history and challenges. J Nutr Health Aging 2006;10:456-63.
  • Rubenstein LZ, Harker JO, Salva A, Guigoz Y, Vellas B. Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF). J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001;56:M366-72. doi: 10.1093/ gerona/56.6.m366.
  • Sarikaya D, Halil M, Kuyumcu ME, et al. Mini nutritional assessment test long and short form are valid screening tools in Turkish older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015;61:56-60. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.04.006.
  • Arıoğul S (ed). Yaşlılarda malnütrisyon kılavuzu. Ankara: Akademik Geriatri Derneği, 2013.
  • Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 1982-1983;17:37-49. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4.
  • Ertan T, Eker E, Sar V. Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale in Turkish elderly population. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi 1997;34:62-71.
  • Ertekin A, Özdemir G, Özel L, Özyıldırım E, Ulvi H. An investigation of the risk factors and prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in the eastern region of Turkey. Eur J Gen Med 2015;12:144-51. doi.org/10.15197/sabad.1.12.29
  • Bulut S, Ekici I, Polat A, et al. Prevalence of dementia and dementia subgroups in Abdullahpaşa region of Elazığ province. Journal of Dementia 2002; 2:105-110. (Article in Turkish)
  • Scazufca M, Menezes PR, Vallada HP, et al. High prevalence of dementia among older adults from poor socioeconomic backgrounds in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Int Psychogeriatr 2008;20:394-405. doi: 10.1017/S104.161.0207005625.
  • Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Yavuz BB, Dagli N, Ariogul S. Depression and concomitant diseases in a Turkish geriatric outpatient setting. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2005;40(3):307-15. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2004.10.002.
  • Hustey FM, Smith MD. A depression screen and intervention for older ED Patients. Am J Emerg Med 2007;25:133-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.05.016.
  • Sahin EM, Yalcın BM. Comparing the incidences of depression at the elderly living in nursing home or at their own homes. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2003;6:10-3.
  • Montejano Lozoya R, Martínez-Alzamora N, Clemente Marín G, Guirao-Goris SJA, Ferrer-Diego RM. Predictive ability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) in a free-living elderly population: a cross-sectional study. Peer J 2017;5:e3345. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3345. eCollection 2017.
  • Saka B, Kaya O, Ozturk GB, Erten N, Karan MA. Malnutrition in the elderly and its relationship with other geriatric syndromes. Clin Nutr 2010;29:745-8. doi: 10.1016/j. clnu.2010.04.006. Epub 2010 Jun 2.
  • Gorji HA, Alikhani M, Mohseni M, Moradi-Joo M, Ziaiifar H, Moosavi A. The prevalence of malnutrition in Iranian Elderly: A review article. Iran J Public Health 2017;46:1603-10.
  • Tsai AC, Ho CS, Chang MC. Assessing the prevalence of malnutrition with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in a nationally representative sample of elderly Taiwanese. J Nutr Health Aging. 2008;12:239-43. doi: 10.1007/BF02982628.
  • Hai S, Cao L, Yang X, et al. Association between nutrition status and cognitive impairment among Chinese nonagenarians and centenarians. International Journal of Gerontology 2017;17(4):215-19. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2016.12.002
  • Kutlu R, Karaoglu N, Marakoglu K, Civi S. Evaluation of the mini-mental state examination among the elderly people in Konya, Turkey. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2006;11:297-301.
  • Castellani R, Rolston RK, Smith MA. Alzheimer disease. Dis Mon 2010;56: 484-546. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2010.06.001.
  • Sharp ES, Gatz M. Relationship between education and dementia: an updated systematic review. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2011;25:289-304. doi:10.1097/WAD.0b013e318211c83c.
  • Zhang Y, Shi Z, Liu M, et al. Prevalence of cognitive impairment no dementia in a rural area of Northern China. Neuroepidemiology 2014;42:197-203. doi: 10.1159/000360138.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Sadik Taser This is me 0000-0002-5041-0898

Ruhusen Kutlu This is me 0000-0002-8502-0232

Nazan Karaoglu This is me 0000-0002-3057-2988

Publication Date May 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Taser, S., Kutlu, R., & Karaoglu, N. (2021). Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population. Marmara Medical Journal, 34(2), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.939806
AMA Taser S, Kutlu R, Karaoglu N. Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population. Marmara Med J. May 2021;34(2):132-139. doi:10.5472/marumj.939806
Chicago Taser, Sadik, Ruhusen Kutlu, and Nazan Karaoglu. “Effects of Nutrition, Depression Symptoms and Demographic Characteristics on Dementia in the Elderly Population”. Marmara Medical Journal 34, no. 2 (May 2021): 132-39. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.939806.
EndNote Taser S, Kutlu R, Karaoglu N (May 1, 2021) Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population. Marmara Medical Journal 34 2 132–139.
IEEE S. Taser, R. Kutlu, and N. Karaoglu, “Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population”, Marmara Med J, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 132–139, 2021, doi: 10.5472/marumj.939806.
ISNAD Taser, Sadik et al. “Effects of Nutrition, Depression Symptoms and Demographic Characteristics on Dementia in the Elderly Population”. Marmara Medical Journal 34/2 (May 2021), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.939806.
JAMA Taser S, Kutlu R, Karaoglu N. Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population. Marmara Med J. 2021;34:132–139.
MLA Taser, Sadik et al. “Effects of Nutrition, Depression Symptoms and Demographic Characteristics on Dementia in the Elderly Population”. Marmara Medical Journal, vol. 34, no. 2, 2021, pp. 132-9, doi:10.5472/marumj.939806.
Vancouver Taser S, Kutlu R, Karaoglu N. Effects of nutrition, depression symptoms and demographic characteristics on dementia in the elderly population. Marmara Med J. 2021;34(2):132-9.