Impact of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes in severe covid-19 patients and risk of secondary infection: A case-control study

Year 2021, , 112 - 119, 31.05.2021

Buket Erturk Sengel Serra Ozel Fethi Gul Can Ilgın Elif Tukenmez Tıgen Luftiye Nilsun Altunal Feyyaz Kabadayı Uluhan Sılı Mehtap Aydın Zekaver Odabası Ismail Cınel Volkan Korten

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.942700

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effect of tocilizumab (TCZ) on clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients.
Material and Methods: We included hospitalized COVID-19 patients with an initial WHO scale ≥4. We matched the patients with
baseline characteristics by using propensity scores. Then, we selected patients with C-reactive protein levels above 30 and showing
an upward trend. We assessed the effect of TCZ in patients on clinical outcomes by using Mann – Whitney U and Chi-square tests.
Results: Of 200 patients who had an initial WHO scale ≥ 4, 42 (21%) were given TCZ in addition to standard of care (SOC). Twentyfive
patients (50%) needed mechanical ventilation (MV) in the TCZ group, compared with 35 (21%) of 158 patients with SOC
(p<0.01). Nineteen (45%) and 37 (23%) patients died in 30 days in these groups, respectively (p <0.01). The secondary infection rate
was significantly higher in the TCZ group (p=0.004). However, no difference was observed in all these parameters in the propensity
score-matched cohort (14 patients in TCZ and 14 in the SOC group) (p=0.45, 0.45, 1.0 respectively).
Conclusions: Tocilizumab does not provide a beneficial effect on MV requirement and mortality in severe COVID-19, and it does not
increase the risk of secondary bacterial infection.

Keywords

COVID-19, IL-6, SARS-CoV-2, Tocilizumab

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