KRİTİK HASTALIK POLİNÖROPATİSİ VE MİYOPATİSİ

Year 2008, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 193 - 202, 24.06.2015

Kayıhan Uluç Barış İşak Tülin Tanrıdağ Tanrıdağ Önder Us

Abstract

Bilimsel zemin: Kritik hastalığın nöromusküler belirtileri olan polinöropati ve/veya miyopati, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde bir haftadan daha uzun süre yatan hastalarda gelişir. Sıklıkla altta yatan neden sepsis ve/veya çoklu organ yetmezliği veya steroid-nöromusküler kavşak bloke edici ilaç kullanımıdır. Özellikle ekstremite ve solunum kaslarında kuvvet kaybı ve uzamış mekanik ventilasyon ihtiyacına neden olurlar. Polinöropati akut ve aksonal tarzdadır, miyopati ise dört farklı tipte kendini gösterebilir. Genellikle bu hastalıklar gelişmeden önce görülen ensefalopati tablosu hastaların geç tanı almalarına sebebiyet vermektedir. İyi klinik izlem, erken evrede yapılacak elektrofizyolojik ve laboratuar çalışmalar, gerekli durumlarda alınacak biyopsi doğru tanıyı kolaylaştırır. Sıklıkla bir arada görülen bu hastalıkların erken evrede doğru tanı almaları ve ayırıcı tanılarının ayrıntılı yapılması önemlidir, çünkü bu sayede doğru tedavi uygulanabilir, ayrıca sağkalım üzerine doğrudan etkili olan bu hastalıklar ile mücadele edilebilinir. Çıkarımlar: Günümüzde daha iyi tanımlanmaya başlanan risk faktörlerinin elimine edilmesi bu hastalıkların görülebilirliklerini azaltabilir. Henüz özgül bir tedavi olmasa da, destekleyici tedaviler, sepsis ile agresif savaşım, hastalığa neden olabilecek medikal tedavilerin uzaklaştırılması hastaya yarar sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kritik hastalık, polinöropati, miyopati

Keywords

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