Loading [a11y]/accessibility-menu.js
Year 2007 ,
Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 127 - 136, 25.06.2015
Cenk Aral
Ayşe Özer
References
Scheffler IE, Mitochondria, Wiley-Liss Publication, NY,
-
Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrel BG, et al. Sequence and
organization of the human mitochondrial genome.
Nature 1981; 290: 457-465.
MITOMAP: A human mitochondrial genome database.
http://www.mitomap.org, 2006.
Kanki T, Nakayama H, Sasaki N, et al. Mitochondrial
nucleoid and transcription factor A. Ann NY Acad Sci
; 1011: 61-68.
Larsen NB, Ramussen M, Ramussen LJ. Nuclear and
mitochondrial DNA repair: similar pathways?
Mitochondrion 2005; 5: 89-108.
DiMauro S. Mitochondrial diseases. Biochem Biophys
Acta 2004; 1658: 80-88.
Bohr VA. Repair of oxidative DNA damage in nuclear
and mitochondrial DNA, and some changes with aging
in mammalian cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2002; 32:
–812.
Ide H, Kow YW, Wallace SS. Thymine glycols and urea
residues in M13 DNA constitute replicative blocks in
vitro. Nucleic Acids Res 1985; 13: 8035–8052.
Grollman AP, Moriya M. Mutagenesis by 8-oxoguanine:
an enemy within. Trends Genet 1993; 9: 246–249.
Pinz KG, Shibutani S, Bogenhagen DF. Action of
mitochondrial DNA polymerase at sites of base loss or
oxidative damage. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 9202–9206.
Loft S, Moller P. Oxidative DNA damage and human
cancer: need for cohort studies. Antioxid Redox Signal
; 8: 1021-1031.
Reid R. Can migratory mitochondrial DNA activate
oncogenes. Trends Biochem 1983; 8: 190-191.
Richard SM, Bailliet G, Paez GL, et al. Nuclear and
mitochondrial genome instability in human breast
cancer. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 4231-4237.
Levin DE, Yamasaki E, Ames BN. A new Salmonella
tester strain, TA97, for the detection of frameshift
mutagens: a run of cytosines as a mutational hot-spot.
Mutat Res 1982; 94: 315–330.
Owen JE, Schultz DW, Taylor A, Smith GR. Nucleotide
sequence of the lysozyme gene of bacteriophage T4:
analysis of mutations involving repeated sequences. J
Mol Biol 1983; 165: 229–248.
Levinson G, Gutman GA. Slipped-strand mispairing: a
major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution. Mol
Biol Evol 1987; 4: 203–221.
Polyak K, Li Y, Zhu H, et al. Somatic mutations of the
mitochondrial genome in human colorectal tumours. Nat
Genet 1998; 20: 291–293.
Habano W, Nakamura SI, Sugai T. Microsatellite
instability in the mitochondrial DNA of colorectal
carcinomas: evidence for mismatch repair systems in
mitochondrial genome. Oncogene 1998; 17: 1931–1937.
Habano W, Sugai T, Yoshida T, Nakamura SI.
Mitochondrial gene mutation, but not large-scale
deletion, is a feature of colorectal carcinomas with
mitochondrial microsatellite instability. Int J Cancer
; 83: 625–629.
Bianchi MS, Bianchi NO, Bailliet G. Mitochondrial
DNA mutations in normal and tumor tissues from breast
cancer patients. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1995; 71: 99–103.
Cortopassi GA, Arnheim N. Detection of a specific
mitochondrial DNA deletion in tissues of older
individuals. Nuc Acids Res 1990; 18: 6927–6933.
Livneh Z. Directed mutagenesis method for analysis of
mutagen specificity: application to ultraviolet-induced
mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 237–
-
Flanagan JG, Lefranc MP, Rabbitts TH. Mechanisms of
divergence and convergence of the human
immunoglobulin α-1 and α-2 constant region gene
sequences. Cell 1984; 36: 681–688.
Kunkel TA. The mutational specificity of DNA
polymerase-beta during in vitro DNA synthesis:
production of frameshift, base substitution, and deletion
mutations. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 5787–5796.
Burgart LJ, Zheng J, Shu Q, et al. Somatic
mitochondrial mutation in gastric cancer. Am J Pathol
; 147: 1105–1111.
De la Chapelle A, Peltomaki P. The genetics of
hereditary common cancers. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1998;
: 298-303.
Peltomaki P. DNA mismatch repair and cancer. Rev
Mutat Res 2001; 488: 77-85.
Clayton DA. Replication of animal mitochondrial DNA.
Cell 1982; 28: 693–705.
Kunkel TA, Alexander PS. The base substitution fidelity
of eucaryotic DNA polymerases. Mispairing frequencies,
site preferences, insertion preferences, and base
substitution by dislocation. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 160–
-
Pinz KG, Shibutani S, Bogenhagen DF. Action of
mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ at sites of base loss or
oxidative damage. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 9202–9206.
Faraj A, Fowler DA, Bridges EG, Sommadossi JP.
Effects of 2′,3′-dideoxynucleosides on proliferation and
differentiation of human pluripotent progenitors in liquid
culture and their effects on mitochondrial DNA
synthesis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 924–
-
Lewis W, Dalakas MC. Mitochondrial toxicity of
antiviral drugs. Nat Med 1995; 1: 417–422.
Ropp PA, Copeland WC. Cloning and characterization
of the human mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ.
Genomics 1996; 36: 449–458.
Zeviani M, Servidei S, Gellera C, et al. An autosomal
dominant disorder with multiple deletions of
mitochondrial DNA starting at the D-loop region. Nature
; 339: 309–311.
Lee MS, Kim JA, Park SY. Resistance of ro cells against
apoptosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1011: 146-153.
Liu CY, Lee CF, Hong CH, Wei YH. Mitochondrial
DNA mutation and depletion increase the susceptibility
of human cells to apoptosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004;
: 133-145.
Shidara Y, Yamagata K, Kanamori T, et al. Positive
contribution of pathogenic mutations in the
mitochondrial genome to the promotion of cancer by
prevention from apoptosis. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 1655-
-
Schoeler S, Szibor R, Gellerich FN, et al. Mitochondrial
DNA deletions sensitize cell to apoptosis at low
heteroplasmy levels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
; 332: 43-49.
-
Marmara Medical Journal 2007;20(2);127-136
Cenk Aral, et al
Mitochondrial DNA and cancer
Mott JL, Zhang D, Stevens M, et al. Oxidative stress is
not an obligate mediator of disease provoked by
mitochondrial DNA mutations. Mutat Res 2001; 474:
–45.
Park SY, Chang I, Kim JY, et al. Resistance of
mitochondrial DNA-depleted cells against cell death:
role of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem
; 279: 7512–7520.
Jacques C, Chevrollier A, Loiseau D, et al. mtDNA
controls expression of the death associated protein 3.
Exp Cell Res 2006; 312: 737-745.
Yeh JJ, Lunetta KL, van Orsouw NJ, et al. Somatic
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in papillary
thyroid carcinomas and differential mtDNA sequence
variants in cases with thyroid tumours. Oncogene 2000;
: 2060–2066.
Maximo V, Soares P, Lima J, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
somatic mutations (point mutations and large deletions)
and mitochondrial DNA variants in human thyroid
pathology: a study with emphasis on Hurtle cell tumors.
Am J Pathol 2002; 160: 1857-1865.
Rogounovitch TI, Saenko VA, Shimizu-Yoshida Y, et
al. Large deletions in mitochondrial DNA in radiationassociated
human thyroid tumors. Cancer Res 2002; 62:
-7041.
Tong BC, Ha PK, Dhir K, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
alteations in thyroid cancer. J Surg Oncol 2003; 82: 170-
-
Lohrer HD, Hieber L, Zitzelsberger H. Differential
mutation frequency in mitochondrial DNA from thyroid
tumors. Carcinogenesis 2002; 23: 1577-1582.
Maximo V, Lima J, Soares P, et al. Mitochondrial Dloop
instability in thyroid tumors is not a marker of
malignancy. Mitochondrion 2005; 5: 333-340.
Aikhionbare FO, Khan M, Carey D, et al. Is cumulative
frequency of mitochondrial DNA variants a biomarker
for colorectal tumor progression? Mol Cancer 2004;
:30.
Nishikawa M, Oshitani N, Matsumoto T, et al.
Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutation with
colorectal carcinogenesis in ulcerative colitis. Br J
Cancer 2005; 93: 331-337.
Greaves LC, Preston SL, Tadrous PJ, et al.
Mitochondrial DNA mutations are established in human
colonic stem cells, and mutated clones expand by crypt
fission. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006; 103: 714-719.
Lee HC, Yin PH, Lin JC, et al. Mitochondrial genome
instability and mtDNA depletion in human cancers. Ann
NY Acad Sci 2005; 1042: 109-122.
Kose K, Hiyama T, Tanaka S, et al. Somatic mutations
of mitochondrial DNA in digestive tract cancers. J
Gastroenterol Hepatology 2005; 20: 1679-1684.
Lievre A, Chapusot C, Bouvier AM, et al. Clinical value
of mitochondrial mutations in colorectal cancer. J Clin
Oncol 2005; 23: 3517-3525.
Aral C, Kaya H, Ataizi-Çelikel Ç, et al. A novel
approach for rapid screening of mitochondrial D310
polymorphism. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:21.
Tan DJ, Bai RK, Wong LJC. Comprehensive scanning
of somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in breast
cancer. Cancer Res 2002; 62: 972-976.
Parrella P, Xiao Y, Fliss M, et al. Detection of
mitochondrial DNA mutations in primary breast cancer
and fine-needle aspirates. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 7623-
-
Parrella P, Seripa D, Matera MG, et al. Mutations of the
D310 mitochondrial mononucleotide repeat in primary
tumors cytological specimens. Cancer Lett 2003; 190:
-77.
Isaacs C, Cavalli LR, Cohen Y, et al. Detection of LOH
and mitochondrial DNA alterations in ductal lavage and
nipple aspirate fluids from high-risk patients. Breast
Cancer Res Treat 2004; 84: 99-105.
Zhu W, Qin W, Sauter ER. Large-scale mitochondrial
mutations and nuclear genome instability in human
breast cancer. Cancer Detect Prevent 2004; 28: 119-126.
Dani MAC, Dani SU, Lima SPG, et al. Less
∆mtDNA4977 than normal in various types of tumors
suggests that cancer cells are essentially free of this
mutation. Genet Mol Res 2004; 3: 395-409.
Tamura G, Nishizuka S, Maesawa C, et al. Mutations in
mitochondrial control region DNA in gastric tumors of
Japanese patients. Eur J Cancer 1999; 35: 316-319.
Maximo V, Soares P, Seruca R, Sobrinho-Simoes M.
Comments on: Mutations in mitochondrial control
region DNA in gastric tumors of Japanese patients,
Tamura, et al. Eur J Cancer 1999, 35, 316-319. Eur J
Cancer 1999; 35: 1407-1408.
Han CB, Li F, Zhao YJ, Ma JM, et al. Variations of
mitochondrial D-loop region plus downstream gene 12S
rRNA-tRNAphe and gastric carcinomas. World J
Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 1925-1929.
Zhao YB, Yang HY, Zhang XW, Chen GY. Mutation in
D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA in gastric cancer
and significance. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 3304-
-
Wu CW, Yin PH, Hung WY, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
mutations and mitochondrial DNA depletion in gastric
cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 44:19-28.
Carew JS, Huang P. Mitochondrial defects in cancer.
Mol Cancer 2002; 1: 9.
Penta JS, Johnson FM, Wachsman JT, Copeland WC.
Mitochondrial DNA in human malignancy. Mutat Res
; 488: 119-133.
MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER
Year 2007 ,
Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 127 - 136, 25.06.2015
Cenk Aral
Ayşe Özer
Abstract
Mitokondriyal DNA' nın, nükleer DNA' ya kıyasla mutasyonlara daha duyarlı olması ve tamir mekanizmalarının sınırlılığı nedeniyle karsinogenezde rol aldığı öne sürülmüştür. Bu derlemede tiroid, kolorektal, meme ve gastrik kanserlerde, mitokondriyal genom kararsızlığı, mitokondriyal DNA mutasyonlarının apoptozis ile ilişkisi ve mitokondriyal genomdaki değişimler değerlendirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Mitokondriyal DNA, Genomik kararsızlık, Apoptozis, Mutasyon, Solid tümörler
References
Scheffler IE, Mitochondria, Wiley-Liss Publication, NY,
-
Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrel BG, et al. Sequence and
organization of the human mitochondrial genome.
Nature 1981; 290: 457-465.
MITOMAP: A human mitochondrial genome database.
http://www.mitomap.org, 2006.
Kanki T, Nakayama H, Sasaki N, et al. Mitochondrial
nucleoid and transcription factor A. Ann NY Acad Sci
; 1011: 61-68.
Larsen NB, Ramussen M, Ramussen LJ. Nuclear and
mitochondrial DNA repair: similar pathways?
Mitochondrion 2005; 5: 89-108.
DiMauro S. Mitochondrial diseases. Biochem Biophys
Acta 2004; 1658: 80-88.
Bohr VA. Repair of oxidative DNA damage in nuclear
and mitochondrial DNA, and some changes with aging
in mammalian cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2002; 32:
–812.
Ide H, Kow YW, Wallace SS. Thymine glycols and urea
residues in M13 DNA constitute replicative blocks in
vitro. Nucleic Acids Res 1985; 13: 8035–8052.
Grollman AP, Moriya M. Mutagenesis by 8-oxoguanine:
an enemy within. Trends Genet 1993; 9: 246–249.
Pinz KG, Shibutani S, Bogenhagen DF. Action of
mitochondrial DNA polymerase at sites of base loss or
oxidative damage. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 9202–9206.
Loft S, Moller P. Oxidative DNA damage and human
cancer: need for cohort studies. Antioxid Redox Signal
; 8: 1021-1031.
Reid R. Can migratory mitochondrial DNA activate
oncogenes. Trends Biochem 1983; 8: 190-191.
Richard SM, Bailliet G, Paez GL, et al. Nuclear and
mitochondrial genome instability in human breast
cancer. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 4231-4237.
Levin DE, Yamasaki E, Ames BN. A new Salmonella
tester strain, TA97, for the detection of frameshift
mutagens: a run of cytosines as a mutational hot-spot.
Mutat Res 1982; 94: 315–330.
Owen JE, Schultz DW, Taylor A, Smith GR. Nucleotide
sequence of the lysozyme gene of bacteriophage T4:
analysis of mutations involving repeated sequences. J
Mol Biol 1983; 165: 229–248.
Levinson G, Gutman GA. Slipped-strand mispairing: a
major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution. Mol
Biol Evol 1987; 4: 203–221.
Polyak K, Li Y, Zhu H, et al. Somatic mutations of the
mitochondrial genome in human colorectal tumours. Nat
Genet 1998; 20: 291–293.
Habano W, Nakamura SI, Sugai T. Microsatellite
instability in the mitochondrial DNA of colorectal
carcinomas: evidence for mismatch repair systems in
mitochondrial genome. Oncogene 1998; 17: 1931–1937.
Habano W, Sugai T, Yoshida T, Nakamura SI.
Mitochondrial gene mutation, but not large-scale
deletion, is a feature of colorectal carcinomas with
mitochondrial microsatellite instability. Int J Cancer
; 83: 625–629.
Bianchi MS, Bianchi NO, Bailliet G. Mitochondrial
DNA mutations in normal and tumor tissues from breast
cancer patients. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1995; 71: 99–103.
Cortopassi GA, Arnheim N. Detection of a specific
mitochondrial DNA deletion in tissues of older
individuals. Nuc Acids Res 1990; 18: 6927–6933.
Livneh Z. Directed mutagenesis method for analysis of
mutagen specificity: application to ultraviolet-induced
mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 237–
-
Flanagan JG, Lefranc MP, Rabbitts TH. Mechanisms of
divergence and convergence of the human
immunoglobulin α-1 and α-2 constant region gene
sequences. Cell 1984; 36: 681–688.
Kunkel TA. The mutational specificity of DNA
polymerase-beta during in vitro DNA synthesis:
production of frameshift, base substitution, and deletion
mutations. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 5787–5796.
Burgart LJ, Zheng J, Shu Q, et al. Somatic
mitochondrial mutation in gastric cancer. Am J Pathol
; 147: 1105–1111.
De la Chapelle A, Peltomaki P. The genetics of
hereditary common cancers. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1998;
: 298-303.
Peltomaki P. DNA mismatch repair and cancer. Rev
Mutat Res 2001; 488: 77-85.
Clayton DA. Replication of animal mitochondrial DNA.
Cell 1982; 28: 693–705.
Kunkel TA, Alexander PS. The base substitution fidelity
of eucaryotic DNA polymerases. Mispairing frequencies,
site preferences, insertion preferences, and base
substitution by dislocation. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 160–
-
Pinz KG, Shibutani S, Bogenhagen DF. Action of
mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ at sites of base loss or
oxidative damage. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 9202–9206.
Faraj A, Fowler DA, Bridges EG, Sommadossi JP.
Effects of 2′,3′-dideoxynucleosides on proliferation and
differentiation of human pluripotent progenitors in liquid
culture and their effects on mitochondrial DNA
synthesis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 924–
-
Lewis W, Dalakas MC. Mitochondrial toxicity of
antiviral drugs. Nat Med 1995; 1: 417–422.
Ropp PA, Copeland WC. Cloning and characterization
of the human mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ.
Genomics 1996; 36: 449–458.
Zeviani M, Servidei S, Gellera C, et al. An autosomal
dominant disorder with multiple deletions of
mitochondrial DNA starting at the D-loop region. Nature
; 339: 309–311.
Lee MS, Kim JA, Park SY. Resistance of ro cells against
apoptosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1011: 146-153.
Liu CY, Lee CF, Hong CH, Wei YH. Mitochondrial
DNA mutation and depletion increase the susceptibility
of human cells to apoptosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004;
: 133-145.
Shidara Y, Yamagata K, Kanamori T, et al. Positive
contribution of pathogenic mutations in the
mitochondrial genome to the promotion of cancer by
prevention from apoptosis. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 1655-
-
Schoeler S, Szibor R, Gellerich FN, et al. Mitochondrial
DNA deletions sensitize cell to apoptosis at low
heteroplasmy levels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
; 332: 43-49.
-
Marmara Medical Journal 2007;20(2);127-136
Cenk Aral, et al
Mitochondrial DNA and cancer
Mott JL, Zhang D, Stevens M, et al. Oxidative stress is
not an obligate mediator of disease provoked by
mitochondrial DNA mutations. Mutat Res 2001; 474:
–45.
Park SY, Chang I, Kim JY, et al. Resistance of
mitochondrial DNA-depleted cells against cell death:
role of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem
; 279: 7512–7520.
Jacques C, Chevrollier A, Loiseau D, et al. mtDNA
controls expression of the death associated protein 3.
Exp Cell Res 2006; 312: 737-745.
Yeh JJ, Lunetta KL, van Orsouw NJ, et al. Somatic
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in papillary
thyroid carcinomas and differential mtDNA sequence
variants in cases with thyroid tumours. Oncogene 2000;
: 2060–2066.
Maximo V, Soares P, Lima J, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
somatic mutations (point mutations and large deletions)
and mitochondrial DNA variants in human thyroid
pathology: a study with emphasis on Hurtle cell tumors.
Am J Pathol 2002; 160: 1857-1865.
Rogounovitch TI, Saenko VA, Shimizu-Yoshida Y, et
al. Large deletions in mitochondrial DNA in radiationassociated
human thyroid tumors. Cancer Res 2002; 62:
-7041.
Tong BC, Ha PK, Dhir K, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
alteations in thyroid cancer. J Surg Oncol 2003; 82: 170-
-
Lohrer HD, Hieber L, Zitzelsberger H. Differential
mutation frequency in mitochondrial DNA from thyroid
tumors. Carcinogenesis 2002; 23: 1577-1582.
Maximo V, Lima J, Soares P, et al. Mitochondrial Dloop
instability in thyroid tumors is not a marker of
malignancy. Mitochondrion 2005; 5: 333-340.
Aikhionbare FO, Khan M, Carey D, et al. Is cumulative
frequency of mitochondrial DNA variants a biomarker
for colorectal tumor progression? Mol Cancer 2004;
:30.
Nishikawa M, Oshitani N, Matsumoto T, et al.
Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutation with
colorectal carcinogenesis in ulcerative colitis. Br J
Cancer 2005; 93: 331-337.
Greaves LC, Preston SL, Tadrous PJ, et al.
Mitochondrial DNA mutations are established in human
colonic stem cells, and mutated clones expand by crypt
fission. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006; 103: 714-719.
Lee HC, Yin PH, Lin JC, et al. Mitochondrial genome
instability and mtDNA depletion in human cancers. Ann
NY Acad Sci 2005; 1042: 109-122.
Kose K, Hiyama T, Tanaka S, et al. Somatic mutations
of mitochondrial DNA in digestive tract cancers. J
Gastroenterol Hepatology 2005; 20: 1679-1684.
Lievre A, Chapusot C, Bouvier AM, et al. Clinical value
of mitochondrial mutations in colorectal cancer. J Clin
Oncol 2005; 23: 3517-3525.
Aral C, Kaya H, Ataizi-Çelikel Ç, et al. A novel
approach for rapid screening of mitochondrial D310
polymorphism. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:21.
Tan DJ, Bai RK, Wong LJC. Comprehensive scanning
of somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in breast
cancer. Cancer Res 2002; 62: 972-976.
Parrella P, Xiao Y, Fliss M, et al. Detection of
mitochondrial DNA mutations in primary breast cancer
and fine-needle aspirates. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 7623-
-
Parrella P, Seripa D, Matera MG, et al. Mutations of the
D310 mitochondrial mononucleotide repeat in primary
tumors cytological specimens. Cancer Lett 2003; 190:
-77.
Isaacs C, Cavalli LR, Cohen Y, et al. Detection of LOH
and mitochondrial DNA alterations in ductal lavage and
nipple aspirate fluids from high-risk patients. Breast
Cancer Res Treat 2004; 84: 99-105.
Zhu W, Qin W, Sauter ER. Large-scale mitochondrial
mutations and nuclear genome instability in human
breast cancer. Cancer Detect Prevent 2004; 28: 119-126.
Dani MAC, Dani SU, Lima SPG, et al. Less
∆mtDNA4977 than normal in various types of tumors
suggests that cancer cells are essentially free of this
mutation. Genet Mol Res 2004; 3: 395-409.
Tamura G, Nishizuka S, Maesawa C, et al. Mutations in
mitochondrial control region DNA in gastric tumors of
Japanese patients. Eur J Cancer 1999; 35: 316-319.
Maximo V, Soares P, Seruca R, Sobrinho-Simoes M.
Comments on: Mutations in mitochondrial control
region DNA in gastric tumors of Japanese patients,
Tamura, et al. Eur J Cancer 1999, 35, 316-319. Eur J
Cancer 1999; 35: 1407-1408.
Han CB, Li F, Zhao YJ, Ma JM, et al. Variations of
mitochondrial D-loop region plus downstream gene 12S
rRNA-tRNAphe and gastric carcinomas. World J
Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 1925-1929.
Zhao YB, Yang HY, Zhang XW, Chen GY. Mutation in
D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA in gastric cancer
and significance. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 3304-
-
Wu CW, Yin PH, Hung WY, et al. Mitochondrial DNA
mutations and mitochondrial DNA depletion in gastric
cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 44:19-28.
Carew JS, Huang P. Mitochondrial defects in cancer.
Mol Cancer 2002; 1: 9.
Penta JS, Johnson FM, Wachsman JT, Copeland WC.
Mitochondrial DNA in human malignancy. Mutat Res
; 488: 119-133.
Show All References
Show Less References
There are 232 citations in total.
Cite
APA
Aral, C., & Özer, A. (2015). MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER. Marmara Medical Journal, 20(2), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.3055
AMA
Aral C, Özer A. MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER. Marmara Med J. August 2015;20(2):127-136. doi:10.5472/marumj.3055
Chicago
Aral, Cenk, and Ayşe Özer. “MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER”. Marmara Medical Journal 20, no. 2 (August 2015): 127-36. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.3055.
EndNote
Aral C, Özer A (August 1, 2015) MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER. Marmara Medical Journal 20 2 127–136.
IEEE
C. Aral and A. Özer, “MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER”, Marmara Med J , vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 127–136, 2015, doi: 10.5472/marumj.3055.
ISNAD
Aral, Cenk - Özer, Ayşe. “MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER”. Marmara Medical Journal 20/2 (August 2015), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.3055.
JAMA
Aral C, Özer A. MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER. Marmara Med J . 2015;20:127–136.
MLA
Aral, Cenk and Ayşe Özer. “MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER”. Marmara Medical Journal, vol. 20, no. 2, 2015, pp. 127-36, doi:10.5472/marumj.3055.
Vancouver
Aral C, Özer A. MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KANSER. Marmara Med J. 2015;20(2):127-36.