Ameliorating effects of exercise on disrupted epididymal sperm parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats

Year 2019, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 14 - 19, 29.01.2019

Merve Açıkel Elmas Serap Arbak Feriha Ercan

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.518732

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Objective: Obesity causes male infertility problems and affects

the sperm quality. Recent studies have shown that exercise has

positive effects on male fertility. The present study aimed to show

the effects of swimming exercise on the epididymal sperm number,

motility and morphology in hight fat diet (HFD)-induced obese

rats.

Materials and Methods: Four experimental groups (n=8 in

each group) were formed. Standard (STD) and STD+Exercise

(STD+EXC) groups were fed with standard rat diet (6% of calories

as fat); HFD and HFD+Exercise (HFD+EXC) groups were fed

with high fat diet (45% of calories as fat) for 18 weeks. The rats

in STD+EXC and HFD+EXC groups were trained by swimming

sessions (1 h per day for 5 days a week) during the last 6 weeks of

the experiment. The left caudal epididymis was prepared to evaluate

the number, motility and morphology of the spermatozoa. The right

epididymal samples were processed for histological evaluation.

Results: Normospermic parameters were seen in STD and

STD+EXC groups. Sperm number and motility decreased and

spermatozoa with abnormal morphology increased significantly in

HFD group when compared with STD group. A large number of

spermatozoa in the epididymal duct lumen and regular morphology

of the fibromuscular connective tissue were observed in STD

and STD+EXC groups. Most of the epididymal ducts consisted

of decreased amount of spermatozoal accumulation in the HFD

group. Degenerated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with

vacuole formation were additional findings in this group. On the

other hand, swimming exercise had an enhancement effect on

sperm parameters with prominent spermatozoal accumulation in

the ducts of epididymis in HFD induced obese rats.

Conclusion: This study shows that HFD-induced obesity

decreased the number and motility of spermatozoa, increased

abnormal spermatozoa and caused disrupted epididymal

morphology. We hypothesize that exercise enhanced HFD-induced

spermatogenic and epididymal damages by the regulation of scrotal

heat and possible inhibition of oxidative damage in the epididymis.

Keywords

High fat diet, Exercise, Sperm parameters

Yüksek yağlı diyetle indüklenmiş obez sıçanların bozulmuş epididimal sperm parametreleri üzerine egzersizin iyileştirici etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Obezite erkek infertilite problemlerine neden olur ve sperm

kalitesini etkiler. Egzersizin erkek fertilitesi üzerine olumlu etkileri

olduğu çeşitli çalışmalar ile gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı,

yüksek yağlı diyetle (YYD) indüklenmiş obez sıçanlarda yüzme

egzersizinin epididimal sperm sayısı, motilitesi ve epididimis

morfolojisi üzerine etkilerini göstermektir.

Gereçler ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada dört deney grubu

(her grupta n=8) oluşturuldu. Standart (STD) ve STD+Egzersiz

(STD+EGZ) gruplarındaki sıçanlar standart sıçan diyeti ile

(kalorisinde %6 yağ içeren); YYD ve YYD+Egzersiz (YYD+EGZ)

grubundaki sıçanlar da yüksek yağlı diyet ile (kalorisinde %45 yağ

içeren) 18 hafta beslendiler. STD+EGZ ve YYD+EGZ grubundaki

sıçanlara deneyin son 6 haftasında haftada 5 gün, günde 1 saat yüzme

egzersizi yaptırıldı. Deney sonunda sol kaudal epididimis sperm

sayısı, motilitesi ve morfolojisinin incelenmesi için hazırlandı. Sağ

epididimis dokusu da histolojik inceleme için hazırlandı.

Bulgular: STD ve STD+EGZ gruplarında normospermik

parametreler gözlendi. STD grubu ile kıyaslandığında YYD

grubunda sperm sayısı ve motilitesinin anlamlı olarak azaldığı

ve morfolojik anomaliye sahip sperm sayısının arttığı gözlendi.

STD ve STD+EGZ gruplarında epididimal kanal spermatozoa

ile doluydu ve fibromusküler bağ dokusu düzenli morfolojide

gözlendi. YYD grubunda epididimal kanalların çoğu azalmış

sayıda spermatozoa kümesinden oluşuyordu. Ayrıca, epididimisin

stereosilyalı yalancı çok katlı silindirik epitelinde yer yer vakuol

oluşumları gözlendi. Egzersizin ise YYD ile indüklenmiş obez

sıçanlarda sperm parametrelerini ve epididimis kanalındaki sperm

kümesini arttırdığı gözlendi.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma, obezitenin sperm sayısını ve motilitesini

azalttığını, anomalili sperm sayısını arttırdığını ve epididimis

morfolojisini bozduğunu göstermektedir. Egzersizin ise, skrotal

ısıyı dengeleyerek ve epididimisteki olası oksidan hasarı

engelleyerek YYD ile indüklenmiş spermatogenik ve epididimal

hasarı iyileştirdiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Yüksek yağlı diyet, Egzersiz, Sperm parametreleri

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