Case Report
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Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 373 - 376, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1368360

Abstract

References

  • WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19-11 March 2020. Available on: n.d.https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-directorgenerals openingremarks-at-the-mediabriefing-on-covid-19 – 11-march-2020. Accessed on: 03.02.2023
  • Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, et al. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia inWuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20: 425-34. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4.
  • Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Sharma G, Bhattacharya M, Lee S S. SARS-CoV-2 causing pneumonia-associated respiratory disorder (COVID-19): diagnostic and proposed therapeutic options. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24: 4016-26. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202004_20871.
  • WHO Coronovirus Dashboard—COVID-19 (2021) Who. int. 2020. Available on: https: //www.who.int/newsroom/ detail/03-02-2021-who-timeline covid-19.Accessed on: 03. 02.2023.
  • Ozen S, Pistorio A, Iusan SM, et al. Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO). EULAR/ PRINTO/PRES criteria for Henoch-Schönlein purpura, childhood polyarteritis nodosa, childhood Wegener granulomatosis and childhood Takayasu arteritis: Ankara 2008. Part II: Final classification criteria. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69: 798-806. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.116657.
  • Filocamo G, Torreggiani S, Agostoni C, Esposito S. Lung involvement in childhood onset granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2017; 15: 28. doi:10.1186/s12969.017.0150-8.
  • Eslambolchi A, Aghaghazvini L, Gholamrezanezhad A, Kavosi H, Radmard A R. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases or vasculitis: radiologic presentation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 51: 339-48. doi: 10.1007/s11239.020.02289-z .
  • Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, Takwoingi Y, et al. Cochrane COVID-19 Diagnostic Test Accuracy Group. Antibody tests for identification of current and past infection with SARSCoV- 2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 6: CD013652. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013652.
  • Jia X, Xiao L, Liu Y. False negative RT-PCR and false positive antibody tests-Concern and solutions in the diagnosis of COVID-19. J Infect 2021; 82: 414-51. doi:10.1016/j. jinf.2020.10.007.
  • Latiano A, Tavano F, Panza A, et al. False-positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG antibody tests in sera stored before the 2020 pandemic in Italy. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 104: 159-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.067.
  • Spinicci M, Bartoloni A, Mantella A, Zammarchi L, Rossolini G M, Antonelli A. Low risk of serological cross-reactivity between dengue and COVID-19. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115: e200225. doi: 10.1590/0074.027.60200225.
  • Monte Serrano J, García-Gil MF, Cruañes Monferrer J, et al. COVID-19 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: SARS-CoV-2 false positive or coinfection? Int J Dermatol 2020; 59: 1282-83. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15090
  • Wang Y, Sun S, Shen H, et al. Cross-reaction of SARS-CoV antigen with autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2004; 1: 304-307. PMID:16225774.For Peer Review
  • Tzouvelekis A, Karampitsakos T, Krompa A, Markozannes E, Bouros D. False positive COVID-19 antibody test in a case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7: 399. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00399.
  • Fang X, Li S, Yu H, et al. Epidemiological, comorbidity factors with severity and prognosis of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12: 12493-503. doi: 10.18632/aging.103579.
  • Jain V, Yuan JM. Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 2020; 65: 533-46. doi: 10.1007/s00038.020.01390-7.
  • Hussein A, Al Khalil K, Bawazir YM. Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis presented as pulmonary hemorrhage in a positive COVID-19 patient: A Case report. Cureus 2020; 12: 9643. doi: 10.7759/ cureus.9643.
  • Uppal NN, Kello N, Shah HH, et al. De Novo ANCA associated vasculitis with glomerulonephritis in COVID-19. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5: 2079-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.08.012.

A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?

Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 373 - 376, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1368360

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic and a public health emergency worldwide in March 2020.
COVID-19 presents with non-specific symptoms of the upper airway and pulmonary system, which can overlap with other diseases
involving the respiratory system as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Both diseases have high morbidity and mortality rates
and it is important to promptly differentiate and treat them. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
is currently the recommended method for diagnosing COVID-19. Antibody-based tests are used to diagnose both pat and current
COVID-19 infections.
We present a previously healthy thirteen-year-old girl who was admitted with upper airway symptoms and pulmonary involvement,
and progressed to acute kidney failure. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis, anemia, elevated kidney function tests and 2+
proteinuria. Computed tomography (CT) of the lungs showed multiple nodules, cavities, and ground-glass opacities (GGOs). We
performed RT-PCR tests for COVID-19 for three times. Results were all negative, but the COVID-19 immunoglobulin (Ig)M test
sent simultaneously was positive. Based on the cytoplasmic antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) positivity, upper airway,
pulmonary, and renal involvement, she was diagnosed as GPA.
This report highlights that COVID-19 antibody tests can be false-positive in patients with autoimmune diseases including GPA.

References

  • WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19-11 March 2020. Available on: n.d.https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-directorgenerals openingremarks-at-the-mediabriefing-on-covid-19 – 11-march-2020. Accessed on: 03.02.2023
  • Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, et al. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia inWuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20: 425-34. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4.
  • Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Sharma G, Bhattacharya M, Lee S S. SARS-CoV-2 causing pneumonia-associated respiratory disorder (COVID-19): diagnostic and proposed therapeutic options. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24: 4016-26. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202004_20871.
  • WHO Coronovirus Dashboard—COVID-19 (2021) Who. int. 2020. Available on: https: //www.who.int/newsroom/ detail/03-02-2021-who-timeline covid-19.Accessed on: 03. 02.2023.
  • Ozen S, Pistorio A, Iusan SM, et al. Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO). EULAR/ PRINTO/PRES criteria for Henoch-Schönlein purpura, childhood polyarteritis nodosa, childhood Wegener granulomatosis and childhood Takayasu arteritis: Ankara 2008. Part II: Final classification criteria. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69: 798-806. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.116657.
  • Filocamo G, Torreggiani S, Agostoni C, Esposito S. Lung involvement in childhood onset granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2017; 15: 28. doi:10.1186/s12969.017.0150-8.
  • Eslambolchi A, Aghaghazvini L, Gholamrezanezhad A, Kavosi H, Radmard A R. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases or vasculitis: radiologic presentation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 51: 339-48. doi: 10.1007/s11239.020.02289-z .
  • Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, Takwoingi Y, et al. Cochrane COVID-19 Diagnostic Test Accuracy Group. Antibody tests for identification of current and past infection with SARSCoV- 2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 6: CD013652. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013652.
  • Jia X, Xiao L, Liu Y. False negative RT-PCR and false positive antibody tests-Concern and solutions in the diagnosis of COVID-19. J Infect 2021; 82: 414-51. doi:10.1016/j. jinf.2020.10.007.
  • Latiano A, Tavano F, Panza A, et al. False-positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG antibody tests in sera stored before the 2020 pandemic in Italy. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 104: 159-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.067.
  • Spinicci M, Bartoloni A, Mantella A, Zammarchi L, Rossolini G M, Antonelli A. Low risk of serological cross-reactivity between dengue and COVID-19. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115: e200225. doi: 10.1590/0074.027.60200225.
  • Monte Serrano J, García-Gil MF, Cruañes Monferrer J, et al. COVID-19 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: SARS-CoV-2 false positive or coinfection? Int J Dermatol 2020; 59: 1282-83. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15090
  • Wang Y, Sun S, Shen H, et al. Cross-reaction of SARS-CoV antigen with autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2004; 1: 304-307. PMID:16225774.For Peer Review
  • Tzouvelekis A, Karampitsakos T, Krompa A, Markozannes E, Bouros D. False positive COVID-19 antibody test in a case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7: 399. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00399.
  • Fang X, Li S, Yu H, et al. Epidemiological, comorbidity factors with severity and prognosis of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12: 12493-503. doi: 10.18632/aging.103579.
  • Jain V, Yuan JM. Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 2020; 65: 533-46. doi: 10.1007/s00038.020.01390-7.
  • Hussein A, Al Khalil K, Bawazir YM. Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis presented as pulmonary hemorrhage in a positive COVID-19 patient: A Case report. Cureus 2020; 12: 9643. doi: 10.7759/ cureus.9643.
  • Uppal NN, Kello N, Shah HH, et al. De Novo ANCA associated vasculitis with glomerulonephritis in COVID-19. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5: 2079-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.08.012.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Surgery (Other)
Journal Section Case Reports
Authors

Mehtap Kaya This is me

Ibrahim Gokce This is me

Sercin Guven This is me

Serim Pul This is me

Harika Alpay This is me

Publication Date September 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 36 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kaya, M., Gokce, I., Guven, S., Pul, S., et al. (2023). A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?. Marmara Medical Journal, 36(3), 373-376. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1368360
AMA Kaya M, Gokce I, Guven S, Pul S, Alpay H. A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?. Marmara Med J. September 2023;36(3):373-376. doi:10.5472/marumj.1368360
Chicago Kaya, Mehtap, Ibrahim Gokce, Sercin Guven, Serim Pul, and Harika Alpay. “A Case of Granulomatosis of Polyangiitis Presenting With COVID-19 Infection: False-Positivity or Co-Existence?”. Marmara Medical Journal 36, no. 3 (September 2023): 373-76. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1368360.
EndNote Kaya M, Gokce I, Guven S, Pul S, Alpay H (September 1, 2023) A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?. Marmara Medical Journal 36 3 373–376.
IEEE M. Kaya, I. Gokce, S. Guven, S. Pul, and H. Alpay, “A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?”, Marmara Med J, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 373–376, 2023, doi: 10.5472/marumj.1368360.
ISNAD Kaya, Mehtap et al. “A Case of Granulomatosis of Polyangiitis Presenting With COVID-19 Infection: False-Positivity or Co-Existence?”. Marmara Medical Journal 36/3 (September 2023), 373-376. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1368360.
JAMA Kaya M, Gokce I, Guven S, Pul S, Alpay H. A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?. Marmara Med J. 2023;36:373–376.
MLA Kaya, Mehtap et al. “A Case of Granulomatosis of Polyangiitis Presenting With COVID-19 Infection: False-Positivity or Co-Existence?”. Marmara Medical Journal, vol. 36, no. 3, 2023, pp. 373-6, doi:10.5472/marumj.1368360.
Vancouver Kaya M, Gokce I, Guven S, Pul S, Alpay H. A case of granulomatosis of polyangiitis presenting with COVID-19 infection: False-positivity or co-existence?. Marmara Med J. 2023;36(3):373-6.