Chemical composition, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Satureja khuzestanica essential oil in mice

Abstract

To date, herbal medicines are the important source in the

development of new drugs to remedy various diseases.

However, it is crucial to provide scientific justification of these

drugs to determine their side effects in treatments. This study

was aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, acute and subacute

toxicity of Satureja khuzestanica essential oil (SKEO) in a

mice model. Plant materials of S. khuzestanica were collected

from the rural regions of Lorestan Province, west of Iran. Gas

chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was

performed to determine the main components of SKEO. To

assess the acute toxicity, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 ml/kg doses of SKEO

were injected intraperitoneally into four groups of six mice.

The number of deaths was counted at 24 h after the treatment.

Sub-acute toxicity of the effects of SKEO was evaluated by

determine the clinical chemistry and hematological parameters

of the treated mice after oral administration of SKEO at the

doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 ml/kg, respectively, for 14 consecutive

days. Twenty-three compounds were identified in SKEO by

GC/MS analysis, in which the main component was carvacrol

(64.4%). The LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of SKEO

was 1.79 ml/kg and the maximum nonfatal dose was 1.13 ml/

kg. No death was observed at the doses of 0.2 and 0.4 ml/kg,

while in the group receiving 0.8 ml/kg of SKEO, only one mouse

died (12.5%). There was no significant difference between the

biochemical and hematological parameters following the oral

administrations of SKEO at the used doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 ml/

kg and the controls (P>0.05). The obtained results in this work

showed that SKEO at the tested doses had no significant toxicity

on the liver and kidney tissues as well as on the hematological

parameters in the mice. Therefore, SKEO could be safe for the

mammalian host at the used doses.

Keywords

• GC/MS; Acute and sub-acute toxicity; Satureja khuzestanica essential oil; Mice

Satureja khuzestanica uçucu yağının kimyasal bileşimi, farelerde akut ve sub-akut toksisitesi

Abstract

Bitkilerin çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisi için ilaç geliştirme

amacıyla kullanılan önemli kaynaklar olduğu bilinmektedir

ancak bitkisel ilaçların tedavi amacıyla kullanılabilmesi için yan

etki profillerinin belirlenmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, Satureja

khuzestanica uçucu yağının (SKEO) kimyasal bileşiminin

tespiti ve bir fare modelinde akut ve sub-akut toksisitesinin

gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Satureja khuzestanica örnekleri

İran’ın batısındaki Lorestan bölgesinin kırsal alanlarından

toplanmıştır. SKEO’nun kimyasal bileşimi gaz kromatografisi/

kütle spektrometrisi (GC/MS) yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir.

Akut toksisitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla SKEO, 0.5, 1, 2 and

4 ml/kg dozlarda 6’şar fareden oluşan 4 gruba intraperitoneal

enjeksiyonla uygulanmıştır. Uygulamadan 24 saat sonra ölen

fareler sayılmıştır. SKEO’nun sub-akut toksik etkilerinin

belirlenmesi için 14 gün boyunca oral yoldan 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8

ml/kg dozlarda SKEO uygulanan farelerin biyokimyasal ve

hemotolojik parametreleri incelenmiştir.

GC-MS yöntemiyle yapılan çalışmada SKEO içeriğinde

bulunan 23 bileşik tespit edilmiş ve bu bileşikler içerisinde en

yüksek miktarda bulunan türevin %64.4 oranıyla karvakrol

olduğu görülmüştür. İntraperitoneal enjeksiyon yoluyla

uygulanan SKEO’nun LD50 değeri 1.79 ml/kg, maksimum

öldürücü olmayan dozu ise 1.13 ml/kg olarak bildirilmiştir.

SKEO’nun; 0.2 and 0.4 ml/kg dozlarda uygulandığı gruplarda

ölüm tespit edilmezken bileşiğe 0.8 ml/kg dozda maruz falan

farelerden sadece biri ölmüştür (%12.5). Oral yoldan 0.2, 0.4

and 0.8 ml/kg dozlarda SKEO uygulanan farelerin biyokimyasal

ve hemotolojik parametreleri kontrol grubuna ait değerlerle

karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir

(P>0.05). Bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler; SKEO’nun,

farelerin karaciğer, böbrek dokuları ve kan parametreleri

üzerinde belirgin bir toksistesi olmadığını göstermiştir. Bu

nedenle SKEO’nun belirtilen dozlarda diğer memeliler için de

güvenli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• GC/MS; Akut ve sub-akut toksiste; Satureja khuzestanica uçucu yağı,fare

References

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