Alzheimer disease and neuroplasticity: New approaches and new targets in pharmacotherapy

Year 2012, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 65 - 76, 07.03.2014

Tayfun Uzbay

Abstract

Alzheimer disease and neuroplasticity: New approaches and new targets in pharmacotherapy

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia in the aged individuals.
It is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by apoptosis and loss of neurons resulting
in synaptic dysfunction in central pathways involved in learning and memory. Neuroplasticity
can simply be defined as changes in the brain neurons, and structural and functional
changes in synapses formed by these neurons. If the changes are not confined to a single
neuron but reach the level of a synapse the adaptive response formed may also be called
“synaptic plasticity”. Brain is adapted to all exogenous and endogenous stimulations (i.e.
environmental or emotional stresses) by neuroplasticity. The most essential statement on
AD pathology is that it assault the processes associated with neuroplasticity in central nervous
system (CNS). Directly focusing on the causes of damages of synaptic elements and
development of new therapeutic approaches devoted to reverse impaired neuroplasticity
induced by the disorder may be a more effective strategy and provide more consistent solutions
in the treatment of AD. The main objective of this review article is to update our knowledge
on AD in the light of the present literature and discuss the new approaches and targets
such as neuroplasticity hypothesis of AD and new candidate drugs.
KEYWORDS: Alzheimer disease; neuroplasticity; central nervous system (CNS);
pharmacotherapy

Keywords

Alzheimer disease, neuroplasticity, central nervous system (CNS), pharmacotherapy

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