Investigation of Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities and Phenolic Compound of Medicago rigidula (L.) All.

Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 522 - 529, 20.06.2017

Yavuz Selim Çakmak , Gökhan Zengin Bülent Eskin Kevser Yıldırım Müge Topal Gözde Hatun Aydın Emre Ünlü Merve Baydemir Kübra Erten

https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.311816

Abstract

The study focused on evaluating of antioxidant capacity,

phenolic compounds and enzyme inhibition activity of

methanolic extract Medicago rigidula. Antioxidant activity

was evaluated using different assays including 2,2-diphenyl-1-

pikrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power

(FRAP), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC)

and total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum) test.

Total phenolic and flavonoit contents were also determined.

Enzyme inhibition activities were examined against

anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase.

Phenolic content of M. rigidula included catechin,

cinnamic, chlorogenic, gallic and syringic acids. Free radical

scavenging activity of methanol extract was 20.30% at 1 mg/

mL concentration. In phosphomolybdenum and FRAP tests

were found 167.27 mg AAE/g and 67.01 mg TE/g, respectively.

Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined as 79.61

mg GAE/g and 27.38 μg QE/g, respectively. The results showed

that M. rigidula has a good source of antioxidants and enzyme

inhibition capacity. Thus, it can

Keywords

Chemical composition, bioactivity, HPLC analysis, Fabaceae

Medicago rigidula (L.) ALL.’nın Antioksidan ve Enzim İnhibisyon Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Bileşiminin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Çalışma Medicago rigidula (L.) All. metanol ekstresinin

antioksidan kapasitesi, fenolik bileşimi ve enzim inhibisyon

aktivitesinin değerlendirilmesi üzerine odaklanmıştır.

Antioksidan aktivite 2,2-difenill-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH),

demir indirgeme antioksidan gücü (FRAP), bakır iyonu

indirgeme gücü (CUPRAC) ve total antioksidan kapasite

(fosfomolibdat) testini içeren farklı yöntemler kullanılarak

değerlendirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda total fenolik ve flavonoit

içerikler de belirlenmiştir. Enzim inhibisyon aktiviteleri

antikolinesteraz, tirozinaz, alfa-amilaz ve alfa-glukozidaza

karşı incelenmiştir. M. rigidula bitkisinin fenolik bileşenlerinin

kateşin, sinnamik asit, klorojenik asit, gallik asit ve sirinjik asit

bileşikleri olduğu saptanmıştır. Metanol ekstresinin serbest

radikal giderici aktivitesi 1 mg/mL konsantrasyonda %20.30’dur.

Fosfomolibdat ve FRAP testlerinde sırası ile 167.27 mg AAE/g

ve 67.01 mg TE/g bulundu. Total fenolik ve flavonoit içerik

sırasıyla 79.61 mg GAE/g ve 27.38 μg QE/g olarak belirlenmiştir.

Sonuçlar M. rigidula’nın iyi bir antioksidan ve enzim inhibisyon

kapasitesine sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Bu nedenle Medicago

rigidula bitkisinin gıda ve ilaç endüstrisinde hammadde olarak

kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Kimyasal kompozisyon, biyoaktivite, HPLC analizi, Fabaceae

References

• 1. Cocks PS. The Adaptation of Perennial Legumes to Mediterranean Conditions: New Perennial Legumes for Sustainable Agriculture. University of Western Australia Press, Crawley, WA. 2003.
• 2. Farag MA, Hufman D, Lei Z, Summer LW. Metabolic profiling and systematic identification of flavonoids and isoflavonoids in roots and cell cultures of Medicago truncatula using HPLCUV- ESI-MS and GC-MS. Phytochem 2007; 68: 342-54.
• 3. Yildiz F. Phytoestrogens in Functional Foods. Taylor & Francis. London. 2005.
• 4. Facciola S. Cornucopia – A Source Book Of edible Plants. Kampong Publications Vista, California. 1990.
• 5. Koschuh W, Povoden G, Thang VH, Kromus S, Kulbe KD, Novalin S, Krotscheck C. Production of leaf protein Investigation of Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities and Phenolic Compound of Medicago rigidula (L.) All. concentrate from ryegrass (Lolium perenne × multiflorum) and alfalfa (Medicago sauva subsp. sativa). Comparison between heat coagulation/centrifugation and ultrafiltration. Desalination 2004; 163: 253-9.
• 6. Hanif MA, Al-Maskari AY, Al-Sabahi JN, Al-Hdhrami I, Khan MM, Al-Azkawi A, Hussain AI. Chemical characterisation of bioactive compounds in Medicago sativa growing in the desert of Oman. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29: 2332-5.
• 7. Jacobs A, Wegewitz U, Sommerfeld C, Grossklaus R, Lampen A. Efficacy of isoflavones in relieving vasomotor menopausal symptoms – a systematic review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53: 1084-97.
• 8. Javid T, Adnan M, Tariq A, Akhtar B, Ullah R, AbdElsalam NM. Antimicrobial activity of three medicinal plants (Artemisia indica, Medicago falcata and Tecoma stans). Afr J Trad Comp Altern Med 2015; 12: 91-6.
• 9. Jian L. Soy, isoflavones, and prostate cancer. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53: 217-26.
• 10. Wu J, Muir AD. Isoflavone content and its potential contribution to the antihypertensive activity in soybean angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides. J Agr Food Chem 2008; 56: 9899-9904.
• 11. Sabudak T, Guler N. Trifolium L. – review on its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. Phytother Res 2009; 23: 439-46.
• 12. Mortensen A, Kulling SE, Schwartz H, Rowland I, Ruefer CE, Rimbach G, Cass-idy A, Magee P, Millar J, Hall WL, Kramer Birkved F, Sorensen IK, Sontag G. Analytical and compositional aspects of isoflavones in food and theirbiological effects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53: 266-309.
• 13. Rostagno MA, Villares A, Guillamón E, García-Lafuente A, Martínez JA. Sample preparation for the analysis of isoflavones from soybeans and soy foods. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216: 2-29.
• 14. Guo JY, Yang XL. In vitro antioxidation activity of extracts from different parts of Alfalfa plant. Crops 2013; 3: 45-8.
• 15. Dong XN, Zhao HF, Zhao Q, Yi RR, Jin ZJ. Study on extraction technology and antibacterial of flavonoids from space breeding alfalfa. Pratacult Sci 2013; 31: 771-5.
• 16. Pan WC. Main composition of alfalfa and its application in animal husbandry. J Tradit Chin Vet Med 2015; 34: 73-7.
• 17. Reilly P. Clinical application-Medicago sativa extracts. J Naturopathic Med 1989; 1: 1-7.
• 18. Selvan AT, Prithvi S, Suthakaran S, Ravali R, Kumar GM, Ravali R. Anxiolytic effect of medicine of Medicago sativa seeds extract on rodents. Indo Am J Pharm Res 2014; 4: 406- 15.
• 19. Kumar A. Antioxidant effect of Adiantum capillus veneris Linn on human lymphocyte: an in vitro study. J Cell Tissue Res 2009; 9: 1899-1902.
• 20. Halliwell B. Free Radicals and other reactive species in Disease. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Nature Publishing Group, New York. 2005.
• 21. disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006; 39: 44-84.
• 22. Finaud J, Lac G, Filaire E. Oxidative Stress Relationship with Exercise and Training. Sports Med 2006; 36: 327-58.
• 23. Chauhan PS, Puri N, Sharma P, Gupta N. Mannanases: microbial sources, production, properties and potential biotechnological applications. App Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 93: 1817-30.
• 24. Amtul Z, Siddiqui RA, Choudhury MI. Chemistry and mechanism of urease inhibition. Curr Med Chem 2002; 9: 1323-48.
• 25. capacity of apple juices. Croat Chem Acta 2011; 84: 435-8.
• 26. Agbor GA, Vinson JA, Donnelly PE. Folin-Ciocalteau reagent for polyphenolic assay. Int J Food Sci Nutr Diet 2014;3: 147-56.
• 27. Arvouet-Grand A, Vennat B, Pourrat A, Legret P. Standardization of a propolis extract and identification of the main constituents. J Pharm Belg 1994; 49: 462-8.
• 28. Kirby AJ, Schmidt RJ. The antioxidant activity of Chinese herbs for eczema and of placebo herbs. J Ethnopharmacol 1997; 56: 103-8.
• 29. Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M. Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the for-mation of a phosphor molybdenum complex: Specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Anal Biochem 1999; 269:337-41.
• 30. Apak R, Guclu K, Ozyurek M, Karademir SE, Ercag E. The cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57: 292- 304.
• 31. Yang XW, Huang MZ, Jin YS, Sun LN, Song Y, Chen HS. Phenolics from Bidens bipinnata and their amylase inhibitory properties. Fitoterapia 2012; 83: 1169-75.
• 32. Palanisamy UD, Ling LT, Manaharan T, Appleton D. Rapid isolation of geraniin from Nephelium lappaceum rind waste and its anti-hyperglycemic activity. Food Chem 2011; 127: 21- 7.
• 33. Orhan IE, Senol FS, Gulpinar AR, Sekeroglu N, Kartal M, Sener B. Neuroprotective potential of some terebinth coffee brands and the unprocessed fruits of Pistacia terebinthus L. and their fatty and essential oil analyses. Food Chem 2012; 130: 882-8.
• 34. Caponio F, Alloggio V, Gomes T. Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: influence of paste preperation techniques. Food Chem 1999, 64: 203-9.
• 35. Kicel A, Olszewska MA. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, and Quantitative Estimation of Flavonoids, Saponins and Phenols in Crude Extract and Dry Fractions of Medicago lupulina Aerial Parts. Nat Prod Comm 2015; 10: 483-6.
• 36. Rodrigues F, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, das Neves J, Sarmento B, Amaral MH, Oliveira MB. Medicago spp. extracts as promising ingredients for skin care products. Ind Crop Prod 2013; 49: 634-44.
• 37. Rana MG, Katbamna RV, Padhya AA, Dudhrejiya AD, Jivani NP, Sheth NR. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging studies of alcoholic extract of Medicago sativa L. Rom J Biol- Plant Biol 2010; 55: 15-22.
• 38. Bora SK, Sharma A. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cerebroprotective Effect of Medicago sativa Linn. against Ischemia and Reperfusion Insult. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2011; Article ID 792167.
• 39. Al-Dosari MS. In Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on Carbon Tetrachloride Intoxicated Rats. Am J Chin Med 2012; 40: 779-93.