Protoscolicidal Effects and Acute Toxicity of Essential Oil and Methanolic Extract of Cuminum cyminum Seeds

Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 551 - 557, 20.06.2017

Amir Keyhani Amir Tavakoli Kareshk Razieh Tavakoli Oliaei Hossein Mahmoudvand

https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.319204

Abstract

Surgical treatments were the gold standard for treatment of

cystic echinococcosis (CE) until the last 30 years. Existing

scolicidal agents such as hypertonic saline and silver-nitrate

which have been used for inactivation of protoscoleces during

surgery are associated with some serious adverse effects. The

present study was designed to investigate in vitro scolicidal

activity of Cuminum cyminum L. against protoscoleces of

hydatid cysts and its acute toxicity in mice model. Protoscoleces

were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts.

Various concentrations of the essential oil (12.5- 100 μl/mL) and

methanolic extract (12.5-100 mg/mL) were used for 5 to 60 min.

Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed using eosin exclusion

test (0.1% eosin staining). Moreover, thirty-two male NMRI

mice were used to determine the acute toxicity of C.cyminum.

C. cyminum methanolic extract at the concentrations of 100 and

50 mg/ml killed 100% protoscoleces after 10 and 20 minutes

exposure. Moreover, all protoscoleces were killed upon 10 and

20 minutes of exposure to 50 and 25 μl/mL C. cyminum essential

oil, respectively. The essential oil demonstrated no mortality up

to the dose of 1 ml/kg, but 25% mortality at dose of 2ml/kg was

occurred. The methanolic extract showed no mortality up to

the dose of 4 g/kg. The obtained results indicated the potent

scolicidal activity of C. cyminum with no significant toxicity

which might be used as a natural scolicidal agent in hydatid

cyst surgery. However, further investigation will be needed to

confirm these results by checking in a clinical setting as a new

scolicidal agent.

Keywords

Cumin; scolicidal effects; cystic echinococcosis; hydatid cyst; toxicity

Cuminum cyminum uçucu yağının ve bitkinin çekirdeklerinden hazırlanan metanollü ekstrenin akut toksisitesi ve protoskolisidal etkileri

Abstract

Son 30 yıla kadar, kistik ekinokokkozis (CE) tedavisinde cerrahi

yaklaşım en doğru seçim olarak görülmekteydi. Hipertonik tuz

çözeltisi ve gümüş nitrat çözeltisi gibi skolisidal özellik gösteren

çözeltiler cerrahi işlemler esnasında kistlerin inaktivasyonu

için kullanılmakla birlikte bu çözeltilerin ciddi yan etkilere

de neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Cuminum

cyminum L.’nin hidatik kist protoskoleseslerine karşı in vitro

skolisidal etkinliğine ek olarak oluşturulan fare modelinde akut

toksisitesi de incelenmiştir. Protoskolesesler aseptik şartlarda

hidatik kisti olan koyunların karaciğerlerinden aspire edilerek

elde edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ (12.5-100 μl/mL) ve metanollü

ekstre (12.5-100 mg/mL) farklı derişimlerde 5-60 dakika

uygulanmıştır. Protoskoleseslerin canlılığı eosin eksklüzyon

yöntemiyle (%0.1 eozin boyama) ile tespit edilmiştir. Buna

ek olarak, 32 erkek NMRI fare kullanılarak C.cyminum’un

akut toksistesi çalışılmıştır. C.cyminum’un metanollü ekstresi

100 ve 50 mg/ml derişimlerde uygulandığında 10 ve 20

dakika maruziyet sonrasında protoskoleseslerin %100’ünü

öldürmüştür. C.cyminum’un uçucu yağı, 50 ve 25 μl/mL

derişimlerde uygulandığında ise sırasıyla 10 ve 20 dakika

maruziyet sonrasında tüm protoskoleseslerin öldüğü tespit

edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ ile yapılan çalışmalarda 1 ml/kg doza

kadar ölüm saptanmazken 2 ml/kg dozda ölüm oranı %25’tir.

Metanollü ekstre ile çalışıldığında ise 4 g/kg doza kadar ölüm

gerçekleşmemiştir. Elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde C.

cyminum’un potansiyal skolisidal etkinliğine ek olarak ciddi bir

toksiste göstermediği ve bu nedenle hidatik kist cerrahisinde

bitkisel kaynaklı bir skolisidal olarak kullanılabileceği önerilmiş

ancak önerininin doğrulanması için ileri klinik çalışmalara

ihtiyaç duyulduğu da belirtilmiştir.

Keywords

Kimyon; skolisidal etki; kistik ekinokokkozis; hidatik kist; toksisite

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