Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions

Iqra Mukhtar; Hamda Azmat; Fakhira Khalid; Syed Makhdoom Hussain; Sidra Safdar; Iqra Qaisrani

doi:10.33714/masteb.1822021

Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions

Abstract

The current study aimed to assess the impact of chromium toxicity on hepatic biomarkers and oxidative stress in Labeo rohita (L. rohita) under controlled laboratory conditions. A total of 240 acclimated fish were randomly allocated to four treatment groups, each consisting of three replicates. The treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 were exposed to 1/10th, 1/5th, and 1/3rd of the 96-hour LC₅₀ concentration of chromium, respectively, while fourth group served as the control without chromium exposure. The experiment was conducted at a constant water temperature (30 ± 1 °C) and pH (7.5). Fish samples were collected on the 7th, 14th, and 28th days post-exposure for biochemical analysis of liver enzymes like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) along with albumin, globulin, total protein and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. The results showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in hepatic enzyme (ALP, ALT and AST) activities, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) and LPO levels with increasing chromium concentrations and exposure duration, indicating progressive hepatic damage and oxidative stress. Conversely, total protein, albumin, and globulin concentrations showed a marked decline across all treated groups compared to the control, with the lowest values observed in fish exposed to the 1/3rd LC₅₀ concentration on the 28th day. These findings suggest that chromium exposure exerts dose- and time-dependent hepatotoxic effects in L. rohita, leading to impaired liver function and enhanced lipid peroxidation. The study provides valuable baseline information for understanding chromium-induced biochemical alterations in freshwater fish species and can contribute to environmental risk assessment and aquatic health management.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

All the animal handling and experimental protocols were conducted following the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals from National Research Council and approved by the Animal Care Committee Review Board and Advanced Studies and Research Board (AS&RB), at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Thanks

This study was conducted without any financial support or grant from funding agencies

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Aquaculture

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Iqra Mukhtar This is me
0009-0007-9884-0532
Pakistan

Hamda Azmat ^*
0000-0002-5997-4550
Pakistan

Fakhira Khalid This is me
0000-0001-6792-4337
Pakistan

Syed Makhdoom Hussain This is me
0000-0001-5087-3887
Pakistan

Sidra Safdar This is me
0000-0002-2120-4104
Pakistan

Iqra Qaisrani This is me
0009-0003-2057-5995
Pakistan

Early Pub Date

June 18, 2026

Publication Date

June 25, 2026

Submission Date

December 31, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 20, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 15 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1822021

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA29BG79AK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Mukhtar, I., Azmat, H., Khalid, F., Hussain, S. M., Safdar, S., & Qaisrani, I. (2026). Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 15(2), 102-113. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1822021

AMA

1.Mukhtar I, Azmat H, Khalid F, Hussain SM, Safdar S, Qaisrani I. Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2026;15(2):102-113. doi:10.33714/masteb.1822021

Chicago

Mukhtar, Iqra, Hamda Azmat, Fakhira Khalid, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Sidra Safdar, and Iqra Qaisrani. 2026. “Evaluation of Chromium Toxicity on Hepatic Health of Labeo Rohita under Controlled Laboratory Conditions”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 15 (2): 102-13. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1822021.

EndNote

Mukhtar I, Azmat H, Khalid F, Hussain SM, Safdar S, Qaisrani I (June 1, 2026) Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 15 2 102–113.

IEEE

[1]I. Mukhtar, H. Azmat, F. Khalid, S. M. Hussain, S. Safdar, and I. Qaisrani, “Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions”, Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 102–113, June 2026, doi: 10.33714/masteb.1822021.

ISNAD

Mukhtar, Iqra - Azmat, Hamda - Khalid, Fakhira - Hussain, Syed Makhdoom - Safdar, Sidra - Qaisrani, Iqra. “Evaluation of Chromium Toxicity on Hepatic Health of Labeo Rohita under Controlled Laboratory Conditions”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 15/2 (June 1, 2026): 102-113. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1822021.

JAMA

1.Mukhtar I, Azmat H, Khalid F, Hussain SM, Safdar S, Qaisrani I. Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2026;15:102–113.

MLA

Mukhtar, Iqra, et al. “Evaluation of Chromium Toxicity on Hepatic Health of Labeo Rohita under Controlled Laboratory Conditions”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, vol. 15, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 102-13, doi:10.33714/masteb.1822021.

Vancouver

1.Iqra Mukhtar, Hamda Azmat, Fakhira Khalid, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Sidra Safdar, Iqra Qaisrani. Evaluation of chromium toxicity on hepatic health of Labeo rohita under controlled laboratory conditions. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2026 Jun. 1;15(2):102-13. doi:10.33714/masteb.1822021