The use of S-GnRHa (salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue) in induced breeding and early embryonic development of Gulsha, Mystus cavasius

Abstract

The current study was carried out to optimize the dose of the synthetic hormone for induction, and to observe the embryonic and larval developmental in Gulsha, Mystus cavasius. Induced breeding was conducted by using Ovupin (S-GnRHa) hormone (each 1.5 ml vial contain 0.2 mg of an analogue of S-GnRHa) at four different doses i.e., 0.25, 0.5, 1.0- and 1.50-ml kg^-1 body weight (BW) for females, and the half of these doses were applied to males. Among the applied doses, 0.5 ml kg^-1 BW for female and 0.25 ml kg^-1 BW for male provided the maximum fertilization (83.66%) and hatching (80.0%) rates. The eggs of M. cavasius were strongly adhesive, with covering on egg surface. The average diameter of fertilized eggs just after spawning was 85.58±5.87 µm. After fertilization, the first, second, and third cleavage stages occurred within 20-25, 35-40 and 60-65 min, respectively. The identity of blastomeres was gradually lost and appeared at 64-cell stage to 128-cell stage onwards. The 64-cell stage appeared at 150-160 min and the morula stage 3:00-3:20 h (blastomeres completely lost), respectively. The gastrula stage appeared at 5:0-5:30 h in which the blastoderm spread in both the sides covering about 60-70% area, together with a thread-like germinal ring. Afterward, twisting locomotion was recorded at 23:30 h. The larvae started hatching at 24:00 to 25:00 h. The barbells were partially visible when the larvae were 10-12 h of age. Finally, the yolk sac was fully absorbed in the end of Day 3.

Keywords

• S-GnRHa
• Induced breeding
• Embryonic development
• M. cavasius

References

1. Abbas, G., Kasprzak, R., Malik, A., Ghaffar, A., Fatima, A., Hafeez-ur-Rehman, M., Kausar, R., Ayub, S., & Shuaib, N. (2019). Optimized spawning induction of blackfin sea bream, Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskal, 1775) in seawater ponds using Ovaprim hormone, with general remarks about embryonic and larval development. Aquaculture, 512, 734387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734387
2. Aktar, N. (2015). Induced breeding practices of the fish hatcheries in the north-western region of Bangladesh. Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology, 2(6), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2015.02.00048
3. Alam, M. J., Begum, M., Islam, M. A., & Pal, H. K. (2006). Spawning behavior and induced breeding of an esturine catfish, Mystus gulio (Ham.). Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries Research, 10(2), 101-109.
4. Alam, M., Alam, M. S., Alam, M. A., Islam, M. A., & Miah, M. I. (2009). Dose optimization with PG hormone for induced breeding of Mastacembelus pancalus. Journal of Ecofriendly Agriculture, 2(9), 799-804.
5. Alam, M. B., Islam, M. A., Marine, S. S., Rashid, A., & Hossain, M. A. (2014). Growth performances of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in cage culture at the Old Brahmaputra river using different densities. Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University, 1(2), 265–271.
6. Alam, M. R., Sharmin, S., Islam, S. M. M., Alam, M. A., Ehiguese, F. O., Pattadar, S. N., & Shahjahan, M. (2020). Salinity intrusion affects early development of freshwater aquaculture species pabda, Ompok pabda. Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100476. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100476
7. Ali, M. F., Rahman, M. M., Md. Bashar, K., Rahmatullah, R., Hadiuzzaman, M., & Amin, M. R. (2014). Comparative study on induced breeding of shing, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) between HCG and PG with different combination. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2(2), 104-108.
8. Araf, T., Hossain, A., Chowdhury, G., Hossain, M., Rahman, A., & Iqba, M. (2021). Artificial propagation and embryonic growth in Stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) using S-GnRHa (salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue). Journal of Tropical Life Science, 11(2), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.02.03

9. Behera, B. K., Das, P., Singh, N. S., & Sahu, A. K. (2007). Observation on the induced breeding of Labeo bata (Hamilton) with Ovaprim and Ovatide as inducing agents with a note to its development. Journal of Aquaculture, 15, 11-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2016.11.001
10. Bhenila, B., & Biswas, S. (2014). Successful induced breeding of a bagrid catfish, mystus dibrugarensis in captive condition. Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, 05(07), 7–9. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000281
11. Borah, R., Sonowal, J., Nayak, N., Kachari, A., & Biswas, S. P. (2020). Induced breeding, embryonic and larval development of Macrognathus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822) under captive condition. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 8(1), 73-82.
12. Chakrabarty, P., & Ng, H. H. (2005). The identity of catfishescatfish identified as Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822) (Teleostei: Bagridae), with a description of a new species from Myanmar. Zootaxa, 1093(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1093.1.1
13. Chand, B. K., Singh, M. K., & Mandal, B. (2011). Studies on the Breeding of Pangasius sutchi Using Different Inducing Agents. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 23(1), 32-40.
14. Das, S. K. (2002). Seed production of magur (Clarias batrachus) using a rural model portable hatchery in Assam, India-A farmer proven technology. Aquaculture Asia, 7, 19-21.
15. Das, R., Priyadarshi, H., Prakash, S., Debnath, C., Sahoo, L., Singha, A., Basudha Devi, C., & Das, S. K. (2018). Induction of spontaneous captive spawning, embryonic development and larval rearing in Mystus cavasius. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(04), 652–658. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.704.074
16. El-Hawarry, W. N., El-Rahman, S. H. A., Shourbela, R. M. (2016). Breeding response and larval quality of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) using different hormones/hormonal analogues with dopamine antagonist. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 42, 231–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2016.06.003
17. Ferosekhan, S., Sahoo, S. K., Giri, S. S., Saha, A., & Paramanik, M. (2015). embryonic and larval development of yellow tail catfish, Pangasius pangasius. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 6, 343. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000343
18. Gupta, S. (2015). A review on Sperata aor (Hamilton, 1822), a popular food fish of Indian subcontinent. Sains Malaysiana, 44(9), 1217–1222. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2015-4409-01
19. Hossen, M. A., Hossain, M. A., Hasan, A. K. M. M., Das, B., Mian, S., & Iqbal, M. M. (2021). Observation of embryonic and larval developmental stages in endangered nona tengra (Mystus gulio) induced with S-GnRHa. Punjab University Journal of Zoology, 36(1), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.1.91.99
20. Iqbal, M., Kanon, M. H., Hossain, M. A., Hossain, A., Nasren, S., Islam, M. J., & Rahman, M. A. (2015). Diversity of indigenous fish species in Konoskhaihaor, Northeast Bangladesh. Punjab University Journal of Zoology, 30(2), 73–79.
21. Islam, A. (2005). Embryonic and larval development of Thai pangas (Pangasius sutchi Fowler, 1937). Development, Growth and Differentiation, 47, 1-6.
22. IUCN Bangladesh. (2015). Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary. In IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh. pp. xvi+122.
23. Jabed, M. N., Hossain, M. A., Mian, S., Kabir, M. A., Mazumder, S. K., & Iqbal, M. M. (2020). Some aspects of reproduction in long whiskered catfish , Sperata aor (Hamilton 1822), from North-East Bangladesh. Aquaculture Studies, 21(2), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v21_2_01
24. Jayasankar, P. (2018). Present status of freshwater aquaculture in india - A review. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 65(4), 157–165. https://doi.org/10.21077/ijf.2018.65.4.81300-20
25. Kumar, P., Biswas, G., Ghoshal, T. K., Kailasam, M., & Vijayan, K. K. (2018). Embryonic and larval developments of brackish water catfish, Mystus gulio (Hamilton and Buchanan, 1822) induced with human chorionic gonadotropin and consequent larval rearing. Aquaculture Research, 49(7), 2466–2476. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13706
26. Kumar, P., Kailasam, M., Biswas, G., Christina, L., & Ghoshal, T. K. (2021). Effect of different inducing hormones, sex ratio and oocyte diameter on breeding performance of brackish water catfish, Mystus gulio. Aquaculture, 530, 735821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735821
27. Latif, M., Ullah, M. Z., Minhas, I. B., & Latif, S. (2018). Length-weight relationships of Mystus cavasius with special reference to body morphometric characters from river Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(2), 2418–2421.
28. Legendre, M. (2000). Ovulation rate, latency period and ova viability after GnRH- or hCG-inducedbreeding in the Asian catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Siluriformes, Pangasiidae. Aquatic Living Resources, 13(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0990-7440(00)00148-0
29. Mishra, A., Sarkar, U. K., Kumar, R., Rawat, A., & Verma, S. (2018). Gonadal maturity assessment of butter catfish (Ompok bimaculatus) from major rivers and tributaries of India during spawning season. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 17(3), 458–470. https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2018.116612
30. Mollah, M. F. A., Talima, K., Rashid, H., Hossain, Z., Sarowar, M. N., & Khan, M. R. K. (2011). Embryonic and larval development of critically endangered riverine catfish Rita rita. EurAsian Journal of BioSciences, 5, 110-118. https://doi.org/10.5053/ejobios.2011.5.0.13
31. Mondol, R. K., Provhat, S. J., & Hossain, A. (2014). Use of a single intramuscular injection of a synthetic hormone analogue, ovupin for commercial carp seed production in Bangladesh. Sains Malaysiana, 43(5), 683–687.
32. Mosha, S. S. (2018). Recent comparative studies on the performance and survival rate of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larval produced under natural and synthetics hormones: A review. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 9(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000528
33. Müller, T., Ács, É., Beliczky, G., Makk, J., Földi, A., Kucska, B., Horváth, L., Ittzés, Á., Hegyi, Á., Szabó, T., Urbányi, B., Quyen, N. N., Orbán, L., & Havasi, M. (2020). New observations about the fertilisation capacity and latency time of sperm inseminated into the ovary of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), an oviparous modelfish. Aquaculture, 522, 735109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735109
34. Nesa, N. U., Ahmed, S., & Rahman, S. M. (2017). Breeding Performance, embryonic and larval development of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis in Bangladesh. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 10(1), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v10i1.34708
35. Puvaneswari, S., Marimuthu, K., Karuppasamy, R., & Haniffa, M. A. (2009). Early embryonic and larval development of Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. EurAsian Journal of BioSciences, 3, 84-96. https://doi.org/10.5053/ejobios.2009.3.0.12
36. Rahman, M. R., Rahman, M. A., Khan, M. N., & Hussain, M. G. (2004). Observation on the embryonic and larval development of silurid catfish, gulsha (Mystus cavasius Ham.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 7, 1070-1075. https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.1070.1075
37. Rahman, M. I., Islam, M. S., Hossain, M. S., Ali, M. R., Das, B., Hossain, M. A., & Iqbal, M. M. (2021). Induced spawning and larval development of Vietnamese Koi, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792), using salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (S-GnRHA). Indonesian Aquaculture Journal, 16(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.16.1.2021.21-27
38. Rahman, M. M., & Samat, A. F. (2020). Reproductive cycle, sexual maturity and fecundity of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes, 1830). Aquaculture and Fisheries, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2020.07.006
39. Rao, D. K. R. (2017). Food and feeding habits of freshwater catfish (Siluriformes: Bagridae: Mystus sp.). International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research, 3(1), 786-791. https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.1.7
40. Sarma, D., Das, J., Dutta, A., & Goswami, U. C. (2012). Early embryonic and larval development of Ompok pabo with notes on its nursery rearing. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2, 253-260.
41. Shehu, J. I., Idris Miah, M., Arfin Huda, N., Atiqur Rah, M., Kaniz Fate, M., Mahfujul H, M., & Shahjahan, M. (2018). Reproductive biology of the threatened menoda catfish, Hemibagrus menoda (Hamilton, 1822) in the Kangsha River, Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 13(1), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2018.39.48
42. Unuma, T., Kondo, S., Tanaka, H., Kagawa, H., Nomura, K., & Ohta, H. (2004). Determination of the rates of fertilization, hatching and larval survival in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, using tissue culture microplates. Aquaculture, 241(1–4), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.08.005
43. Verma, S., Mishra, A., & Rawar, A. (2017). Artificial breeding of freshwater catfishHeteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) using synthetic hormone. Asian Journal of Bio Science, 12(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/AJBS/12.2/100-107
44. Zadmajid, V., Sørensen, S. R., & Butts, I. A. E. (2019). Embryogenesis and early larval development in wild-caught Levantine scraper, Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes, 1842). Journal of Morphology, 280(1), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20926