Factors Affecting Fish Consumption of Traditional Subsistence Fishers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 178 - 187, 31.12.2020

Muhammad Qasim , Said Qasim , Naila Nazir

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.744894

Cited By: 13

Abstract

Subsistence inland fisheries are underreported in developing countries like Pakistan. This study attempted to find out fish consumption determinants of traditional subsistence fishers in Charsadda district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province of Pakistan. Data were collected between March and December 2019 through 36 predetermined questions applied to 286 randomly selected households. The data were analyzed through multiple linear regression model. Study found that average fish consumption of the sample households was 3.3 kg per capita per annum, which is higher than Pakistan’s national average of 1.9 kg per capita per annum. The most viable reasons of fish consumption among the sample households were that most of them were; subsistence fishers, lived closed to water bodies and had easy access to fishing grounds. Majority of them consumed fish once a month in summer season but consumption increased in winter season. The regression results indicated that fish price, proximity to rivers, and family size have negative, whereas number of fishing equipment’s, education and family income have positive effect on fish consumption. Actions are needed to improve fish production in local rivers through hatcheries development and aquaculture encouragement, so that fish meat become affordable to other areas located far away from water bodies.

Keywords

Fish consumption, Food security, Inland fisheries, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Subsistence fishing, JEL Code: Q21, Q22, Q28

Thanks

The authors would like to thank Chief Editor, Marine Science and Technology Bulletin and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This paper covers a part of the first author’s doctoral thesis.

References

• Ahmed, M., Abdur Rab, M. & Bimbao, M. P. (1993). Household socioeconomics, resource use and fish marketing in two thanas of Bangladesh. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Technical Report (40). Manila. 82 p.
• Akuffo, A. S. & Quagrainie, K. K. (2019). Assessment of household food security in fish farming communities in Ghana. Sustainability, 11(10): 2807. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/su11102807
• Baldwin, C. & Hamstead, M. (2014). Integrated Water Resource Planning: Achieving Sustainable Outcomes. London: Routledge, Taylor and Francis.
• Barberger-Gateau, P., Jutand, M. A., Letenneur, L., Larrieu, S., Tavernier, B. & Berr, C. (2005). Correlates of regular fish consumption in French elderly community dwellers: data from the Three-City study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59(7): 817-825. https://doi.org/ 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602145
• Belton, B., Bush, S. R. & Little, D. C. (2018). Not just for the wealthy: Rethinking farmed fish consumption in the Global South. Global Food Security, 16: 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.10.005
• Bennett, A., Patil, P., Kleisner, K., Rader, D., Virdin, J. & Basurto, X. (2018). Contribution of Fisheries to Food and Nutrition Security: Current Knowledge, Policy, and Research.
• Durham, NC: Duke University, Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions. Report 18-02. 45p. Retrieved from https://nicholasinstitute.duke. edu/sites/default/files/publications/contribution_of_fisheries_to_food_and_nutrition_security_0.pdf
• Burger, J., Stephens, W. L., Boring, C. S., Kuklinski, M., Gibbons, J. W. & Gochfeld, M. (1999). Factors in exposure assessment: ethnic and socioeconomic differences in fishing and consumption of fish caught along the Savannah River. Risk Analysis, 19(3): 427-438. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007048628467
• Can, M. F., Günlü, A. & Can, H. Y. (2015). Fish consumption preferences and factors influencing it. Food Science and Technology (Campinas), 35(2): 339-346. https:// doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6624
• Corvalan, C., Hales, S. & McMichael, A. (2005). Ecosystem and human well-being, health synthesis, millennium ecosystem assessment. FAO Report of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Rome.
• FAO. (2016). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016. Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome. 200 pp.
• FAO. (2019). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
• GoP. (2017). Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Islamabad, pp. 10-39.
• Herath, HMTNB. & Radampola, K. (2016). Consumption behavior and pattern of fish consumption among university students: A case study from university of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 4(1): 197-202.
• Kawarazuka, N. (2010). The contribution of fish intake, aquaculture, and small-scale fisheries to improving nutrition: A literature review. The WorldFish Center Working Paper No.2106. The WorldFish Center, Penang, Malaysia. 51 p.
• Kızıloğlu, R. & Kızılaslan, H. (2016). Analysis of factors affecting households’ fish consumption in Erzurum, Turkey. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 2(2): 419-427. https://doi.org/ 10.24289/ijsser.279055
• Kwasek, K., Thorne-Lyman, A. L. & Phillips, M. (2020). Can human nutrition be improved through better fish feeding practices? A review paper. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 1-14. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10408398.2019.1708698
• Lampe, M., Demmalino, E. B., Neil, M. & Jompa, J. (2017). Main drivers and alternative solutions for destructive fishing in south Sulawesi-Indonesia: Lessons learned from Spermonde Archipelago, Taka Bonerate, and Sembilan Island. Science International (Lahore), 29: 159-67.
• Lebiedzińska, A., Kostrzewa, A., Ryśkiewicz, J., Żbikowski, R. & Szefer, P. (2006). Preferences, consumption and choice factors of fish and seafood among university students. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 15(1):, 91-96.
• Ministry of Finance. (2019). Economic Survey of Pakistan 2018-2019, Islamabad: Economic Advisors Wing, pp. 31-33.
• Mohanty, B. P., Mahanty, A., Ganguly, S., Mitra, T., Karunakaran, D., & Anandan, R. (2019). Nutritional composition of food fishes and their importance in providing food and nutritional security. Food Chemistry, 293: 561-570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017. 11.039
• Moreau, M. A. & Garaway, C. J. (2018). “Fish Rescue us from Hunger”: the Contribution of Aquatic Resources to Household Food Security on the Rufiji River Floodplain, Tanzania, East Africa. Human Ecology, 46(6): 831-848. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-0030-y
• Myrland, Ø., Trondsen, T., Johnston, R. S. & Lund, E. (2000). Determinants of seafood consumption in Norway: Lifestyle, revealed preferences, and barriers to consumption. Food quality and Preference, 11(3): 169-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3293(99)00034-8
• Nguyen, L. & Kinnucan, H. W. (2018). Effects of income and population growth on fish price and welfare. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 22(2): 244-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2017.1356397
• Odada, E. O., Olago, D. O., Kulindwa, K., Ntiba, M. & Wandiga, S. (2004). Mitigation of environmental problems in Lake Victoria, East Africa: causal chain and policy options analyses. Ambio: A Journal of the Human Environment, 33(1): 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-33.1.13
• Oliveira, R. C., Dórea, J. G., Bernardi, J. V., Bastos, W. R., Almeida, R. & Manzatto, Â. G. (2010). Fish consumption by traditional subsistence villagers of the Rio Madeira (Amazon): Impact on hair mercury. Annals of Human Biology, 37(5): 629-642. https:// doi.org/10.3109/03014460903525177
• Onurlubas, E. (2013). The factors affecting fish consumption of the consumers in Keşan Township in Edirne, Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19(6): 1346-1350.
• Perez-Cueto, F. J. A., Pieniak, Z. & Verbeke, W. (2011). Attitudinal determinants of fish consumption in Spain and Poland. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 26(6): 1412-1419.
• Qasim, M., Qasim, S., Naeem, M., Khan, A. N. & Iqbal, S. (2019). Impact of destructive fishing practices on fishermen livelihoods in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 35(4): 1155-1165. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.17582/journal.sja/2019/35.4.1155.1165
• Shimshack, J. P., Ward, M. B. & Beatty, T. K. (2007). Mercury advisories: information, education, and fish consumption. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 53(2): 158-179.
• Tol, R. S. (2006). Technical Efficiency and Small-scale Fishing Households in Tanzanian coastal Villages: An Empirical Analysis (No. FNU-95).
• Trondsen, T., Scholderer, J., Lund, E. & Eggen, A. E. (2003). Perceived barriers to consumption of fish among Norwegian women. Appetite, 41(3): 301-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00108-9
• Verbeke, W., & Vackier, I. (2005). Individual determinants of fish consumption: application of the theory of planned behaviour. Appetite, 44(1): 67-82. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.appet.2004.08.006
• Wasim, M. P. (2007). Issues, growth and instability of inland fish production in Sindh (Pakistan): Spatial-Temporal Analysis. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 45(02): 203-230.
• Watanabe, R., Hanamori, K., Kadoya, H., Nishimuta, M. & Miyazaki, H. (2004). Nutritional intakes in community-dwelling older Japanese adults: high intakes of energy and protein based on high consumption of fish, vegetables and fruits provide sufficient micronutrients. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 50(3): 184-195. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.50.184
• Wenaty, A., Mabiki, F., Chove, B. & Mdegela, R. (2018). Fish consumers preferences, quantities of fish consumed and factors affecting fish eating habits: A case of Lake Victoria in Tanzania. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 6(6): 247-252.
• Yamane, T. (1967). Elementary sampling theory, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 405p.
• Zhou, L., Jin, S., Zhang, B., Zeng, Q. & Wang, D. (2015). Determinants of fish consumption by household type in China. British Food Journal, 117(4): 1273–1288. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2014-0182