The Optimization of Multiple Responses of Process Parameters in Fused Deposition Modeling through Taguchi-Based Grey Relational Analysis Method

Abstract

In this study, the tensile strength, yield strength, and weight properties of polylactic acid samples produced by melt extrusion modeling were investigated. Three key parameters for 3D printing, namely infill density, layer thickness, and printing speed, were considered. Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array was used in the experiment design, and the relative effects and contributions of each process parameter to each response were determined using variance analysis. In the tests conducted using the Taguchi method, the optimal parameters for tensile strength were determined to be a printing speed of 60 mm/s, a layer thickness of 0.3 mm, and an 80% infill density; for yield strength, a printing speed of 50 mm/s, a layer thickness of 0.3 mm, and an 80% infill density were found to be optimal; and for weight, a printing speed of 50 mm/s, a layer thickness of 0.2 mm, and a 40% infill density were identified as optimal. Grey Relational Analysis indicated that the highest grey relational degree was achieved at a printing speed of 50 mm/s, a layer thickness of 0.3 mm, and an 80% infill density. According to the results of variance analysis, infill density was identified as the most important variable for Grey Relational Degree, with a contribution rate of 76%. The proposed Taguchi-based grey relational analysis method determined the optimum parameters for all responses. This study fills an important gap in the Turkish literature by identifying the best 3D printing process parameter settings for the final product manufacturing process.

Keywords

• Fused Deposition Modeling
• Polylactic Acid
• Taguchi Method
• Grey Relational Analysis

Eriyik Yığma Modelleme Süreç Parametrelerinin Taguchi Tabanlı Gri İlişkisel Analiz Yöntemi ile Çoklu Yanıt Optimizasyonu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, eriyik yığma modelleme ile üretilen polilaktik asit numunelerinin çekme mukavemeti, akma mukavemeti ve ağırlık gibi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Numunelerin 3D baskısı için dolgu yoğunluğu, katman kalınlığı ve baskı hızı olmak üzere üç temel parametre dikkate alınmıştır. Deneylerin tasarımında Taguchi’nin L9 ortogonal dizisi kullanılmış ve varyans analizi yöntemiyle her bir süreç parametresinin her bir yanıta olan göreceli etkisi ve katkısı belirlenmiştir. Taguchi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan testlerde, çekme mukavemeti için optimum parametrelerin baskı hızı 60 mm/s, katman kalınlığı 0.3 mm ve %80 dolgu yoğunluğu olduğu; akma mukavemeti için ise 50 mm/s, katman kalınlığı 0.3 mm ve %80 dolgu yoğunluğu olduğu; ağırlık için ise 50 mm/s, katman kalınlığı 0.2 mm ve %40 dolgu yoğunluğu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gri İlişki Analizi, en yüksek gri ilişki derecesinin baskı hızı 50 mm/s, katman kalınlığı 0.3 mm ve %80 dolgu yoğunluğunda elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Varyans analizi sonuçlarına göre, %76 katkı oranı ile Gri İlişki Derecesi için en önemli değişkenin dolgu yoğunluğu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Önerilen Taguchi tabanlı gri ilişkisel analiz yöntemi, tüm yanıtlar için optimum parametreleri belirlemiştir. Bu çalışma, nihai ürün üretim süreci için en iyi 3D baskı işlem parametre ayarlarını belirleyerek Türkçe literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

Keywords

• Eriyik Yığma Modelleme
• Polilaktik Asit
• Taguchi Yöntemi
• Gri İlişkisel Analiz

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