1040 Çeliğinin Isıl İşlem Sonrası Mekanik ve İç Yapı Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, AISI 1040 orta karbonlu çeliğe uygulanan iki farklı ısıl işlem tekniğinin—yüksek frekanslı indüksiyon ve geleneksel fırın ile ısıtma yöntemlerinin—yüzey sertliği, mikro yapı ve enerji verimliliği üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Her iki yöntem de 950 °C sıcaklıkta uygulanan ve su verme ile tamamlanan kontrollü termal koşullar altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplam altı numune farklı sürelerde ısıtılmıştır: indüksiyon için 2 ila 10 dakika, fırın için ise 60 dakika. 4 dakikalık indüksiyon işlemi, en yüksek yüzey sertliğini (647 HV), optimum martensit derinliğini (172.75 µm) ve fırın işlemine göre %33 daha düşük enerji tüketimini sağlayarak en verimli seçenek olarak öne çıkmıştır. Fırın işlemine tabi tutulan örnek ise daha düşük yüzey sertliği (613 HV) sunmuş ancak daha homojen bir ferrit–perlit yapı sergilemiştir. Mikro yapı analizi, indüksiyonla işlem görmüş örneklerin yüzeye yakın bölgelerinde yoğun martensitik bir katman oluştuğunu ortaya koyarken, fırınla işlem görmüş numunelerin daha homojen ferrit–perlit yapıda olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu bulgular, kısa süreli indüksiyonla sertleştirmenin orta karbonlu çelikler için maliyet etkin ve teknik açıdan üstün bir yüzey işlem yöntemi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 1040 Çelik
• İndüksiyon
• Isıl İşlem
• Penetrasyon
• Sertlik

Investigation of Mechanical and Internal Structure Properties of 1040 Steel After Heat Treatments

Öz

This study aims to compare two heat treatment techniques—high-frequency induction and conventional furnace heating—applied to AISI 1040 medium-carbon steel. The effects on surface hardness, microstructure, and energy efficiency were evaluated under controlled thermal conditions at 950 °C followed by water quenching. A total of six samples were examined, varying in heating durations from 2 to 10 minutes for induction and 60 minutes for furnace treatment. A 4-minute induction process was found to be the most efficient, providing the highest surface hardness (647 HV), optimal martensitic depth (172.75 µm), and 33% lower energy consumption compared to the furnace-treated sample (613 HV). Microstructural analysis revealed a dense martensitic layer near the surface for induction-treated samples, while furnace-treated specimens exhibited a uniform ferrite–pearlite structure. This makes short-duration induction hardening a cost-effective and technically superior surface treatment strategy for medium-carbon steels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Steel 1040
• ınduction
• heat treatment
• penetration
• hardness

Kaynakça

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