Investigation of Springback in Diaphragm Sheet Forming Process for 15-5PH Material Using Numerical and Experimental Design Methods

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 93 - 102, 29.11.2024

Yusuf Çelik , İbrahim Ülke , Mustafa Yurdakul , Yusuf Tansel İç

https://doi.org/10.56193/matim.1543433

Öz

Diaphragm sheet metal forming is a widely used forming method in aviation. In this process, the sheet metal is attached to the mold, placed in the form machine, and gas pressure is applied. The diaphragm, which swells under the influence of the gas, transmits the pressure to the sheet surface and enables the mold to take its shape. In this method, one of the behaviors that occur in the sheet metal at the end of the process is springback. Mold design is carried out by taking this amount of springback into consideration. Some prominent parameters in the amount of springback are bend radyus, bend angle, material thickness, and material type. Our study examined the springback behavior of diaphragm forming of 15-5PH stainless steel, widely used in the aviation industry. For experimental studies, the material thickness was determined as 0.813 mm, 1.27 mm, 1.6 mm, and 2 mm. At the end of the study, a mathematical expression was obtained that gives the springback rate of 15-5PH material with an accuracy of over 90%, depending on the process parameters. In addition, the main effects of the operating parameters on the springback behavior were determined by the Taguchi Method based ANOVA

Anahtar Kelimeler

Springback, 15-5PH stainless steel, Experimental design, Taguchi Method.

Diyaframla Sac Şekillendirme İşleminde 15-5PH Malzeme İçin Sayısal ve Deneysel Tasarım Yöntemleri Kullanılarak Geri Esnemenin İncelenmesi

Öz

Diyaframla sac şekillendirme havacılıkta yaygın olarak kullanılan bir şekillendirme yöntemidir. Bu işlemde sac kalıba tutturulur, form makinesine yerleştirilir ve gaz basıncı uygulanır. Gazın etkisiyle şişen diyafram, basıncı sac yüzeyine ileterek kalıbın şeklini almasını sağlar. Bu yöntemde işlem sonunda sac metalde ortaya çıkan davranışlardan biri de geri esnemedir. Kalıp tasarımı bu esneme miktarı dikkate alınarak gerçekleştirilir. Geri esneme miktarında öne çıkan parametrelerden bazıları büküm yarıçapı, büküm açısı, malzeme kalınlığı ve malzeme türüdür. Çalışmamızda havacılık sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan 15-5PH paslanmaz çeliğin diyaframla şekillendirilmesinde geri esneme davranışı incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar için malzeme kalınlığı 0,813 mm, 1,27 mm, 1,6 mm ve 2 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda 15-5PH malzemede proses parametrelerine bağlı olarak geri esneme oranını %90'ın üzerinde doğrulukla veren matematiksel bir ifade elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma parametrelerinin geri esneme davranışı üzerindeki temel etkileri Taguchi’nin L32 tasarımı temelinde ANOVA ile belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geri esneme, Analitik model, 15-5PH paslanmaz çelik, Deney tasarımı, Taguchi Metodu

Kaynakça

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