Evaluatıon of the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test and the Situation of Smoking Patients Wishing to Stop Smoking in the Family Medicine Polyclinic

Year 2023, , 669 - 678, 29.10.2023

Bestegül Çoruh Akyol , Mervegül Kaya , Muhammet Özdemir , Ömer Ufkun Yildirim , Cihan Özdemir , Özgür Enginyurt , Soner Çankaya

https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1346240

Abstract

Objective: According to the results of the Türkiye Health Survey; While the rate of individuals aged 15 and over who use tobacco products every day was 28.0% in 2019, it increased to 28.3% in 2022. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), smoking is the cause of death for more than 8 million people each year. The use of tobacco and tobacco products is an important health problem that harms individuals and societies, has attracted attention all over the world in recent years, and needs to be treated. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the addiction status of individuals applying to our outpatient clinics, to determine what measures should be taken for the treatment of smoking and to determine if there is a regional awareness in the addiction score.
Methods: Our study, which was planned as a cross-sectional, descriptive and prospective study, included 184 people over the age of 18, who were active smoking and who accepted to participate in the study, who applied to Ordu University Medical Faculty Family Medicine Polyclinic between 12.10.2021 and 15.01.2022 for any reason. The Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test was used in the analysis of the addiction score. In the study, chi-square analysis was used to determine whether the Fagerström Nicotine Addiction Test Questions of Smoker Patients in the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic changed according to the gender and age of the patients. The SPSS 21.0 V. statistical package program was used for all statistical calculations. It was considered that the research findings were significant at the P<0.05 level by expressing as n, percentage.
Results: 74.5% (n=137) were male, 25.5% (n=47) were female. 51.6% (n=95) were single, 46.7% (n=86) were university graduates. 21.7% (n=40) were not working, 49.5% (n=91) had income more than their expenses. 89.1% (n=164) did not have any disease, 25.0% (n=46) used alcohol. 40.8% (n=75) lived in metropolitan cities. 48.4% were smoking 1-9 pack/year, 54.9% had not tried to quit smoking53.3% of them started smoking in the friend environment, 32.1% of them started to smoke because of stress and 14.6% of them were curious and pretentious. The mean test score of FNBT was 6.30±2.77. There were 38 (20.6%) people with high addiction scores, 48 (26.1%) people with moderate and 98 (53.3%) people with low addiction scores. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of gender, marital status, employment and education status according to the level of addiction. Moderate-high level of dependence was significantly higher in alcohol users (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Individuals who want to quit smoking should be evaluated within the framework of a biopsychosocial approach and this demand should be supported by medical treatment if necessary. For this reason, it is important to support the units that provide smoking cessation outpatient clinics, especially in primary care.

Keywords

Smoking, Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test, family medicine, dependence

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