Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Relationship Between Women's Birth Beliefs and Their Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Pregnancy Avoidance

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 286 - 296, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1068103

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between women's birth beliefs and their depression, anxiety, stress, and pregnancy avoidance.
Methods: This web-based study was conducted in Turkey between September 2021 and October 2021. The study was completed with 619 participants. Personal Information Form, Birth Beliefs Scale (BBS), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short Form (DASS), and Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) were used to collect the data.
Results: The mean scores of women in the Natural and Medical Process Birth Belief (NPBS/MPBS) were determined as NPBS 4.31±0.68, MPBS 3.65±0.69 respectively. It was determined that there was a weak positive relationship between MPBS and DASS-Depression/Anxiety/Stress, and that this relationship was statistically significant (r=0.107, r=0.081, r=0.100, respectively; p<0.05). That the mean MPBS scores of the women who had a low level of education and a high income and were unemployed, and the women using modern family planning methods were statistically higher (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that there was a positive relationship between depression, anxiety and stress levels of women who considered birth as a medical process, and that women's medical beliefs about birth affected their education and income levels, employment status and the use of modern family planning.

Supporting Institution

This study was not supported by any funding

Project Number

-

References

  • 1. Vatansever Z, Okumus H. The Study of Decision Making About the Delivery Type of Pregnant Women. DEUHFED. 2013;6(2):81-87.Retrieved from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/deuhfed/issue/46814/587060
  • 2. Alp Yilmaz F, Durgun Ozan Y. "Women's birth beliefs and associated factors in an obstetrics clinic in the Southeastern Anatolian Region of Turkey", J Health Res. 2020;34(4):345-351. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-07-2019-0166
  • 3. Cook K, Loomis C. The Impact of Choice and Control on Women's Childbirth Experiences. JPE. 2012;21(3):158–168. https://doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.21.3.158
  • 4. Ahsun S. Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Form of the Birth Beliefs Scale (thesis). Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey, Ege Univ; 2018. Retrieved from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=_8YmvCxeooOmaJ2bBFyDLg&no=PC68T3vWexBrnNa9zF4IEg
  • 5. McDevitt-Petrovic O, Kirby K. Assessing the Effectiveness of Brief and Low Intensity Psychological Interventions for Medically Unexplained Symptoms and Health Anxiety: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2020. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.93912
  • 6. Preis H, Chen R, Eisner M, et al. Testing a biopsychosocial model of the basic birth beliefs. Birth. 2018;45(1):79-87. doi: 10.1111/birt.12313.
  • 7. Suwanrath C, Chunuan S, Matemanosak P, et al. Why do pregnant women prefer cesarean birth? A qualitative study in a tertiary care center in Southern Thailand. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03525-3
  • 8. Muslu A, Yanikkerem E. Turkish Form Validity and Reliability of the Childbirth Expectations and Experiences Scale. DEUHFED. 2020;13(4):231-244.
  • 9. Haines H, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. Womens' attitudes and beliefs of childbirth and association with birth preference: a comparison of a Swedish and an Australian sample in mid-pregnancy. Midwifery. 2012;28(6):e850-6. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2011.09.011.
  • 10. J. de Winter M, Kyriakidis D, Dodou R. Happee Using crowdflower to study the relationship between self-reported violations and traffic accidents. Procedia Manuf. 2015;3:2518-2525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.514
  • 11. Preis H, Gozlan M, Dan U, Benyamini Y. A quantitative investigation into women’s basic beliefs about birth and planned birth choices. Midwifery. 2018;63:46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2018. 05.002.
  • 12. Preis H, Benyamini Y. The birth beliefs scale – a new measure to assess basic beliefs about birth. J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol. [Internet] 2017;38(1):73–80. Available at: doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2016.1244180
  • 13. Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation; 1995.
  • 14. 14.Sarıçam H. The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. JCBPR. 2018;7(1):19-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847
  • 15. Rocca C. H, Ralph L.J, Wilson M, Gould H, Foster D. G. Psychometric Evaluation of an Instrument to Measure Prospective Pregnancy Preferences: The Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale. Medical care. 2019;57(2):152–158. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001048
  • 16. Karataş Okyay E., Güney E, Uçar T. Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy avoidance scale: Validity and reliability study. World Woman Conference–II, Online, Azerbaijan. 11-12 February 2021. (Verbal Presentation).
  • 17. Dinç B, Karataş Okyay E. Women's birth beliefs and affecting factors. Anatolian Journal of Health Research 2021;2(2):57-63. doi : 10.29228/anatoljhr.52200
  • 18. Preis H, Pardo J, Peled Y, Benyamini Y. Changes in the basic birth beliefs following the first birth experience: Self-fulfilling prophecies? PLoS ONE. 2018;13(11):e0208090. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208090
  • 19. Calis G, Ozsoy S.A. Birth at Home Experiences of Women: Phenomenological Study. JEUNF. 2021; 37(1): 23-38. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/egehemsire/issue/62035/613962
  • 20. WHO Recommendations: Intrapartum Care for a Positive Childbirth Experience. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2018.
  • 21. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Karlström A, Fenwick J. Factors associated with a positive birth experience: An exploration of Swedish women’s experiences. Int. J. Childbirth. 2013;3:153–164. doi: 10.1891/2156-5287.3.3.153
  • 22. Stadlmayr W, Amsler F, Lemola S, Stein S, Alt M, et al. Memory of childbirth in the second year: the long-term effect of a negative birth experience and its modulation by the perceived intranatal relationship with caregivers. JPOG. 2006;27:211-224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820600804276
  • 23. Graham JE, Lobel M, DeLuca RS. Anger after childbirth: An overlooked reaction to postpartum stressors. Psychol Women Q. 2002;26:222–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-6402.00061
  • 24. Bell AF, Andersson E. The birth experience and women's postnatal depression: A systematic review. Midwifery. 2016;39:112–123. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.04.014
  • 25. Smarandache A, Kim THM, Bohr Y, Tamim H. Predictors of a negative labour and birth experience based on a national survey of Canadian women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16:114. doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-0903-2
  • 26. Unsal Atan Ş, Ozturk R, Gulec Satir D, Ildan Çalim S, Karaoz Weller B, et al. Relation between mothers’ types of labor, birth interventions, birth experiences and postpartum depression: A multicentre follow-up study. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2018;18:13–18. doi: 10.1016/j.srhc.2018.08.001
  • 27. Smorti M, Ponti L, Pancetti F. A comprehensive analysis of post-partum depression risk factors: The role of socio-demographic, individual, rational, and delivery characteristics. Front. Public Health. 2019;7:295. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00295
  • 28. Gottvall K, Waldenstrom U. Does a traumatic birth experience have an impact on future reproduction? BJOG. 2002;109:254-260. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01200.x
  • 29. Pang MW, Leung TN, Lau T.K, Hang Chung T.K. Impact of first childbirth on changes in women's preference for mofe of delivery: follow-up of a longitudinal observational study. Birth. 2008;35:121-128. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00225.x
Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 286 - 296, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1068103

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • 1. Vatansever Z, Okumus H. The Study of Decision Making About the Delivery Type of Pregnant Women. DEUHFED. 2013;6(2):81-87.Retrieved from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/deuhfed/issue/46814/587060
  • 2. Alp Yilmaz F, Durgun Ozan Y. "Women's birth beliefs and associated factors in an obstetrics clinic in the Southeastern Anatolian Region of Turkey", J Health Res. 2020;34(4):345-351. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-07-2019-0166
  • 3. Cook K, Loomis C. The Impact of Choice and Control on Women's Childbirth Experiences. JPE. 2012;21(3):158–168. https://doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.21.3.158
  • 4. Ahsun S. Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Form of the Birth Beliefs Scale (thesis). Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey, Ege Univ; 2018. Retrieved from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=_8YmvCxeooOmaJ2bBFyDLg&no=PC68T3vWexBrnNa9zF4IEg
  • 5. McDevitt-Petrovic O, Kirby K. Assessing the Effectiveness of Brief and Low Intensity Psychological Interventions for Medically Unexplained Symptoms and Health Anxiety: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2020. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.93912
  • 6. Preis H, Chen R, Eisner M, et al. Testing a biopsychosocial model of the basic birth beliefs. Birth. 2018;45(1):79-87. doi: 10.1111/birt.12313.
  • 7. Suwanrath C, Chunuan S, Matemanosak P, et al. Why do pregnant women prefer cesarean birth? A qualitative study in a tertiary care center in Southern Thailand. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03525-3
  • 8. Muslu A, Yanikkerem E. Turkish Form Validity and Reliability of the Childbirth Expectations and Experiences Scale. DEUHFED. 2020;13(4):231-244.
  • 9. Haines H, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. Womens' attitudes and beliefs of childbirth and association with birth preference: a comparison of a Swedish and an Australian sample in mid-pregnancy. Midwifery. 2012;28(6):e850-6. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2011.09.011.
  • 10. J. de Winter M, Kyriakidis D, Dodou R. Happee Using crowdflower to study the relationship between self-reported violations and traffic accidents. Procedia Manuf. 2015;3:2518-2525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.514
  • 11. Preis H, Gozlan M, Dan U, Benyamini Y. A quantitative investigation into women’s basic beliefs about birth and planned birth choices. Midwifery. 2018;63:46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2018. 05.002.
  • 12. Preis H, Benyamini Y. The birth beliefs scale – a new measure to assess basic beliefs about birth. J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol. [Internet] 2017;38(1):73–80. Available at: doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2016.1244180
  • 13. Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation; 1995.
  • 14. 14.Sarıçam H. The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. JCBPR. 2018;7(1):19-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847
  • 15. Rocca C. H, Ralph L.J, Wilson M, Gould H, Foster D. G. Psychometric Evaluation of an Instrument to Measure Prospective Pregnancy Preferences: The Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale. Medical care. 2019;57(2):152–158. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001048
  • 16. Karataş Okyay E., Güney E, Uçar T. Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy avoidance scale: Validity and reliability study. World Woman Conference–II, Online, Azerbaijan. 11-12 February 2021. (Verbal Presentation).
  • 17. Dinç B, Karataş Okyay E. Women's birth beliefs and affecting factors. Anatolian Journal of Health Research 2021;2(2):57-63. doi : 10.29228/anatoljhr.52200
  • 18. Preis H, Pardo J, Peled Y, Benyamini Y. Changes in the basic birth beliefs following the first birth experience: Self-fulfilling prophecies? PLoS ONE. 2018;13(11):e0208090. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208090
  • 19. Calis G, Ozsoy S.A. Birth at Home Experiences of Women: Phenomenological Study. JEUNF. 2021; 37(1): 23-38. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/egehemsire/issue/62035/613962
  • 20. WHO Recommendations: Intrapartum Care for a Positive Childbirth Experience. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2018.
  • 21. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Karlström A, Fenwick J. Factors associated with a positive birth experience: An exploration of Swedish women’s experiences. Int. J. Childbirth. 2013;3:153–164. doi: 10.1891/2156-5287.3.3.153
  • 22. Stadlmayr W, Amsler F, Lemola S, Stein S, Alt M, et al. Memory of childbirth in the second year: the long-term effect of a negative birth experience and its modulation by the perceived intranatal relationship with caregivers. JPOG. 2006;27:211-224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820600804276
  • 23. Graham JE, Lobel M, DeLuca RS. Anger after childbirth: An overlooked reaction to postpartum stressors. Psychol Women Q. 2002;26:222–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-6402.00061
  • 24. Bell AF, Andersson E. The birth experience and women's postnatal depression: A systematic review. Midwifery. 2016;39:112–123. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.04.014
  • 25. Smarandache A, Kim THM, Bohr Y, Tamim H. Predictors of a negative labour and birth experience based on a national survey of Canadian women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16:114. doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-0903-2
  • 26. Unsal Atan Ş, Ozturk R, Gulec Satir D, Ildan Çalim S, Karaoz Weller B, et al. Relation between mothers’ types of labor, birth interventions, birth experiences and postpartum depression: A multicentre follow-up study. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2018;18:13–18. doi: 10.1016/j.srhc.2018.08.001
  • 27. Smorti M, Ponti L, Pancetti F. A comprehensive analysis of post-partum depression risk factors: The role of socio-demographic, individual, rational, and delivery characteristics. Front. Public Health. 2019;7:295. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00295
  • 28. Gottvall K, Waldenstrom U. Does a traumatic birth experience have an impact on future reproduction? BJOG. 2002;109:254-260. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01200.x
  • 29. Pang MW, Leung TN, Lau T.K, Hang Chung T.K. Impact of first childbirth on changes in women's preference for mofe of delivery: follow-up of a longitudinal observational study. Birth. 2008;35:121-128. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00225.x
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research articles
Authors

Sümeyye Barut 0000-0002-1222-9692

Esra Güney 0000-0002-9679-9325

Tuba Uçar 0000-0002-4450-6826

Project Number -
Publication Date May 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Barut S, Güney E, Uçar T. The Relationship Between Women’s Birth Beliefs and Their Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Pregnancy Avoidance. Mid Blac Sea J Health Sci. 2022;8(2):286-9.

2310022108  22107  22106  22105  22103  22109 22137 22102  22110    e-ISSN 2149-7796