Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Erişkin Popülasyonda Ankete Dayalı Besin Alerji Prevelansı

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 489 - 497, 31.08.2023

Handan Duman , Adile Berna Dursun

https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1177217

Abstract

Amaç: Besin alerjisi, çocukları ve yetişkinleri etkileyen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur ve son yıllarda beslenme alışkanlıklarının değişmesi ile prevalansı giderek artmaktadır. Tedavisi çok zor olan gıda alerjisi yaşamı tehdit eden bir alerjik reaksiyon olan anafilaksiye yol açabilir. Biz de bu çalışmamızda Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde ankete dayalı olarak besin allerjisi prevalansını araştırarak literatüre katkı sağlamak istedik.
Materyal ve metod: Bu çalışma Kesitsel web tabanlı anket çalışması olarak planlandı. Anket Besin alımını takiben gelişen sağlık sorunlarını ile ilişkili 12 soruyu kapsayacak şekilde hazırlandı. Çalışma popülasyonunun hedef kitlesi Türkiye’de Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi olarak seçildi. Anket 3 ay süresince yerel sanal yazılı medyada yayınlanarak katılımcıların doldurması sağlandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya anketi dolduran 920 kişi (604 kadın, 316 erkek) dahil edildi ve katılımcıların 157'si (%17) gıda alerjisi olduğunu belirtti. En sık alerjen besinler baharat (%15), domates (%10,9), inek sütü (%7,5) olarak tespit edildi. En sık semptomalar ürtiker (%63,5), gastrointestinal semptomlar (%30,2), rinit (%15,1), oral alerji sendromu (OAS) (%11,3) olarak bildirildi. Genç yaş (p= 0,004), atopik hastalık varlığı veya ailede atopi öyküsü (p=0,001) besin alerjisi gelişimi için risk faktörleri olarak bulundu.
Sonuç: Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde erişkin populasyonda besin alerji prevelansı %17 olarak oldukça yüksek olarak tespit edildi.

Keywords

Besin Alerjisi, Prevelans, Yetişkin, Epidemiyoloji, Anket

The Prevalence of Questionnare Based Food Allergy in Adult Population of Eastern Blacksea Region of Turkey

Abstract

Objective: Food allergy (FA) is an important public health problem which affects children and adults, its prevelance is increasing with the change of dietary habits in recent years. FA is a life-threatening allergic reaction which can lead to anaphylaxis and is very difficult to treat. In our study, we wanted to contribute to the literature by investigating the prevalence of FA in the Eastern Black Sea Region based on a questionnaire.
Methods: This study was planned as a cross-sectional web-based survey study. The questionnaire was prepared including 12 questions related with health problems that develop following food intake. Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey was chosen as the target group of the study population. The questionnaire was published in local online and printed media during three months and the participants were allowed to fill it out.
Results: The study included 920 people (604 female, 316 male) who completed the questionnaire and 157 (17%) of the participants noted that they had food allergies. The most common allergen foods were spices (15%), tomatoes (10.9%), and cow's milk (7.5%). The most common symptoms were urticaria (63.5%), gastrointestinal symptoms (30.2%), rhinitis (15.1%), oral allergy syndrome (OAS) symptoms (11.3%). Young age (p= 0.004), presence of atopic disease or family history of atopy (p=0.001) were found to be risk factors for the development of food allergy.
Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported FA based on web-based survey in Eastern Black Sea residents is relatively high and specific to the region.

Keywords

ult, Epidemiology, Food Hypersensitivity, Prevalence, Questionnaire

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