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Year 2013, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 31 - 41, 01.04.2013

Abstract

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References

  • Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: A systematic review. World H e a l t h O r g a n i z a t i o n ( W H O / N H D / 0 1 . 0 8 ; WHO/FCH/01.23), Geneva, 2001.
  • Dewey K. Guiding principles for complementary feeding of the breastfed child. Division of health promotion and protection, food and nutrition program. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/World Health Organization (WHO), Washington DC, 2002.
  • WHO/UNICEF/USAID. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. Geneva, 2008.
  • T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý. Demir gibi Türkiye. Saðlýklý nesiller için emzirmenin korunmasý, özendirilmesi, desteklenmesi ile demir yetersizliði anemisinin önlenmesi ve kontrolü. T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Ana Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Aile Planlamasý Genel Müdürlüðü, A n k a r a ,
  • http://www.saglik.gov.tr/extras/birimler/acsap/demir/ demirgibiturkiye.pdf/12.08.2011.
  • WHO. Global data bank on infant and young child feeding. Geneva, 2009.
  • Ergöçmen BA, Hancýoðlu A, Koç Ý, Ünalan T. Türkiye'de bin yýl kalkýnma hedefleri: Demografik bakýþ. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Birleþmiþ Milletler Nüfus Fonu, Semih Ofset, Ankara, 2004.
  • UNICEF. Dünya çocuklarýnýn durumu 2008. http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/The_State_o f_the_Worlds_Children_2008.pdf/01.08.2011.
  • UNICEF. Dünya çocuklarýnýn durumu 2009. /12.09.2011.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Türkiye Nüfus ve Saðlýk Araþtýrmasý 2003. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Ana Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Aile Planlamasý Genel Müdürlüðü, T.C. Devlet Planlama Teþkilatý ve Avrupa dostu bir ana çocuk saðlýðý merkezinden hizmet alan anneler neden bebeklerine erken ek gýda vermeye baþlýyor? Türk Pediatri Arþivi 2008;43(1):59-64.
  • Yesildal N, Aytar G, Kocabay K, Mayda AS, , 2.
  • Bahçebaþý T. Breastfeeding practices in Düzce, Turkey. J Hum Lact 2008;24(4):393-400.
  • Ziol-Guest KM, Hernandez DC. First-and second- trimester WIC participation is associated with lower rates of breastfeeding and early introduction of cow's 3.
  • milk during infancy. J Am Diet Assoc 2010;110(5):702- 9.
  • Gökçay G, Baslo G. Anne sütü ile beslenmede kanýta 4.
  • dayalý uygulamalar II: Yetersiz anne sütü, çalýþan anne, ilaçlar ve hastalýklar. Çocuk Dergisi 2002; 2(3):139-43. 20. Kaewsarn P, Moyle W, Creedy D. Traditional postpartum practices among Thai women. J Adv Nurs 2003;41(4):358-66.
  • 0 0 4 . 21. Kannan S, Carruth BR, Skinner J. Neonatal feeding practices of Anglo American mothers and Asian Indian mothers living in the United States and India. J Nutr 5.
  • Educ Behav 2004;36(6):315-9.
  • Vatandaþ NÞ, Tarcan A, Özbek N, Gürakan B. Altý aylýk 6.
  • çocuklarda beslenme þekli ile hemoglobin düzeyi iliþkisi. Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Hastalýklarý Dergisi 2005;48(1):221-5.
  • Eker A, Yurdakul M. Annelerin bebek beslenmesi ve emzirmeye iliþkin bilgi ve uygulamalarý. STED 7. 2006;15(9):158-63.
  • Gökçay G. Yaþamýn ilk 2 yýlýnda çocuk saðlýðý ve bakýmý. 1. Baský: Saga Yayýnlarý, Ýstanbul, 2008. 8.
  • Guelinckx I, Devlieger R, Bogaerts A, Pauwels, S, Vansant, G. The effect of pre-pregnancy BMI on 9.
  • intention, initiation and duration of breast-feeding. Public Health Nutrition 2012;15(5):840-8.
  • D e m i r h a n F. S a k a r y a i l i n d e e m z i r m e n i n deðerlendirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ýstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1997.
  • study. Pediatrics 2001;108(3):E66.
  • Taveras EM, Capra AM, Brevans PA, Jenvold NG, 45. Danowsk L, Gargiula L. Selections from current Escobar GJ, Lieu TA. Clinician support and psychosocial risk factors associated with breastfeeding discontinuation. Pediatrics 2003;112(1Pt1):108-15.
  • Demirtaþ D. Emzirmeyi etkileyen kültürel deðerler. literature. Attitudes and practices regarding the introduction of solid foods to infants. Fam Pract 2002;19(6):698-702.
  • Samur G. Anne sütü. T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Temel Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005.
  • Saðlýk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüðü Beslenme ve Fiziksel Aktiviteler Daire Baþkanlýðý. 1. Baský: Klasmat Matbaacýlýk, Ankara, 2008:13-20.
  • Dinç S. Þanlýurfa merkezde bulunan 4 numaralý saðlýk ocaðý'na kayýtlý 0-1 yaþýnda çocuða sahip olan annelerin çocuklarýnýn bakýmýnda uyguladýklarý geleneksel uygulamalar. Hemþirelikte Araþtýrma Geliþtirme Dergisi 2005;1(2):53-63.
  • Gökçay G. 99 sayfada bebek beslenmesi. 1. Baský: Türkiye Ýþ Bankasý Kültür Yayýnlarý, Ýstanbul, 2007.
  • Dubois L, Girard M. Social inequalities in infant feeding during the first year of life. The longitudinal study of child development in Quebec (LSCDQ 1998–2002). Public Health Nutrition 2003;6(8):773- 83.
  • breastfeeding mothers from a periurban community in South Africa. J Hum Lact 2005;21(1):31-8.
  • Lande B, Andersen LF, Baerug A, Trygg KU, Lund- 31. Sacco LM, Caulfield LE, Gittelsohn J, Martinez H. The Larsen K, Veierİd MB, Bjİrneboe GE. Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life: The Norwegian infant feeding survey. Acta Paediatrica 2003;92(2):152-61.
  • Eðri, G. Tokat ili bir saðlýk ocaðý bölgesindeki 15-49 yaþ grubu evli kadýnlarýn doðum sonu dönemde bebek bakýmýna yönelik geleneksel uygulamalarý. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Sivas: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2006.
  • Turan M, Coþkun A, Gökçay G. Doðum sonrasý erken dönemde doðru teknik ile emzirmenin tek baþýna anne sütü ile beslenme süresi üzerine etkisi. Ýstanbul Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi Dergisi 2000;63(3):286-92.
  • Özsoy SA, Katabi V. A comparison of traditional practices used in pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period among women in Turkey and Iran. Midwifery 2008;24(3):291-300. YAZIÞMA ADRESÝ Mine GÖKDUMAN
  • Tarabya Aile Saðlýðý Merkezi, ÝSTANBUL, TÜRKÝYE
  • Geçkil E, Sahin T, Ege E. Traditional postpartum practices of women and infants and the factors influencing such practices in South Eastern Turkey. Midwifery 2009;25(1):62-71.
  • E-Posta : minegkdmn@hotmail.com
  • Ingram J, Johnson D, Greenwood R. Breastfeeding in Bristol: teaching good positioning and support from fathers and families. Midwifery 2002;18(2):87-101.
  • Hanson LA. Protective effects of breastfeeding against Geliþ Tarihi
  • Kabul Tarihi : 01.04.2013
  • u r i n a r y t r a c t i n f e c t i o n . A c t a P a e d i a t r i c a 2004;93(2):154-6.
  • WHO/UNICEF. Global strategy for infant and young child feeding. Geneva, 2003.
  • Schack-Nielsen L, Michaelsen KF. Breast feeding and future health. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2006;9(3):289-96.
  • Hoyer S, Pokorn, D. The influence of various factors on b r e a s t - f e e d i n g i n S l o v e n i a . J A d v N u r s 1998;27(6):1250-6.
  • Açýk Y, Dinç E, Benli S, Tokdemir M. Elazýð ilinde yaþayan 0-2 yaþ grubu çocuðu olan kadýnlarýn bebek beslenmesi ve anne sütü konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve uygulamalarý. Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatri Dergisi 1999;8(2):53-6.
  • Ertem IO, Votto N, Leventhal JM. The timing and predictors of the early termination of breastfeeding. Pediatrics 2001; 107(3):543-8.
  • Biltekin Ö, Boran ÖD, Denkli MD, Yalçýnkaya S. Naldöken saðlýk ocaðý bölgesinde 0–11 aylýk bebeði olan annelerin doðum öncesi dönem ve bebek bakýmýnda geleneksel uygulamalarý. STED 2004;13(5):166-8.
  • McCann MF, Baydar N, Williams RL. Breastfeeding attitudes and reported problems in a national sample of WIC participants. J Hum Lact 2007;23(4):314-24.
  • Marques NM, Lira PI, Lima MC, da Silva NL, Filho MB, Huttly SR, Ashworth A. Breastfeeding and early weaning practices in northeast Brazil: A longitudinal

Traditional Practices of Mothers to Improve Breast Milk Production During Postpartum 6 Months

Year 2013, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 31 - 41, 01.04.2013

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine breastfeeding statues and practices of mothers to improve breast milk production and affecting factors. MATERIALS and METHODS: Sample of this descriptive study included 216 mothers in Kütahya , having 0-6 month(s) old infants and breastfed at least for a while. Data were collected via a questionnaire prepared by researchers including 51 questions about mothers' socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, nursing situations and traditional practices used to improve breast milk/breastfeeding between 07.01.2008-072.20.2008 by the face-to-face interviews at their homes. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, Fisher exact chi-square and ANOVA were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The age of mothers were in mean 26.85±4.87, 53.2% were completed primary school, 89.4% were housewife and 45.8% had low income. 65.0% of mothers exclusively breastfed their babies for the first six months. 72.7% of mothers thought there milk were enough and 77.8% were not informed about breastfeeding issues. While 19.9% of mothers did nothing to increase their breast milk supply, over 80% of mothers tried to increase their breast milk production while they perceived their milk as inadequate. For this reason they used modern (9.2%), traditional (47.9%) or both modern and traditional practices (42.7%). A great part emphasized nutritional applications. They believed mostly that water (62.0%), milk (24.1%), sweets (20.8%), fig (18.1%), onion (17.6%), fruits-fruit juices (16.2%), fennel tea (14.8%) and wegetables (13.9%) increased their breast milk supply. Milk-enhancing practices of mothers were affected by mothers' perceptions of milk-(in)sufficiency, age, working statue, incomes, numbers of living children, pre-planned times for exclusively breastfeeding, infants' age and information given about breastfeeding issues (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that mothers use various methods to enhance their breast milk supply some of them may harm both mothers self and their infants, they mostly practice traditional methods and need education about modern practices.

References

  • Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: A systematic review. World H e a l t h O r g a n i z a t i o n ( W H O / N H D / 0 1 . 0 8 ; WHO/FCH/01.23), Geneva, 2001.
  • Dewey K. Guiding principles for complementary feeding of the breastfed child. Division of health promotion and protection, food and nutrition program. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/World Health Organization (WHO), Washington DC, 2002.
  • WHO/UNICEF/USAID. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. Geneva, 2008.
  • T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý. Demir gibi Türkiye. Saðlýklý nesiller için emzirmenin korunmasý, özendirilmesi, desteklenmesi ile demir yetersizliði anemisinin önlenmesi ve kontrolü. T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Ana Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Aile Planlamasý Genel Müdürlüðü, A n k a r a ,
  • http://www.saglik.gov.tr/extras/birimler/acsap/demir/ demirgibiturkiye.pdf/12.08.2011.
  • WHO. Global data bank on infant and young child feeding. Geneva, 2009.
  • Ergöçmen BA, Hancýoðlu A, Koç Ý, Ünalan T. Türkiye'de bin yýl kalkýnma hedefleri: Demografik bakýþ. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Birleþmiþ Milletler Nüfus Fonu, Semih Ofset, Ankara, 2004.
  • UNICEF. Dünya çocuklarýnýn durumu 2008. http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/The_State_o f_the_Worlds_Children_2008.pdf/01.08.2011.
  • UNICEF. Dünya çocuklarýnýn durumu 2009. /12.09.2011.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Türkiye Nüfus ve Saðlýk Araþtýrmasý 2003. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Ana Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Aile Planlamasý Genel Müdürlüðü, T.C. Devlet Planlama Teþkilatý ve Avrupa dostu bir ana çocuk saðlýðý merkezinden hizmet alan anneler neden bebeklerine erken ek gýda vermeye baþlýyor? Türk Pediatri Arþivi 2008;43(1):59-64.
  • Yesildal N, Aytar G, Kocabay K, Mayda AS, , 2.
  • Bahçebaþý T. Breastfeeding practices in Düzce, Turkey. J Hum Lact 2008;24(4):393-400.
  • Ziol-Guest KM, Hernandez DC. First-and second- trimester WIC participation is associated with lower rates of breastfeeding and early introduction of cow's 3.
  • milk during infancy. J Am Diet Assoc 2010;110(5):702- 9.
  • Gökçay G, Baslo G. Anne sütü ile beslenmede kanýta 4.
  • dayalý uygulamalar II: Yetersiz anne sütü, çalýþan anne, ilaçlar ve hastalýklar. Çocuk Dergisi 2002; 2(3):139-43. 20. Kaewsarn P, Moyle W, Creedy D. Traditional postpartum practices among Thai women. J Adv Nurs 2003;41(4):358-66.
  • 0 0 4 . 21. Kannan S, Carruth BR, Skinner J. Neonatal feeding practices of Anglo American mothers and Asian Indian mothers living in the United States and India. J Nutr 5.
  • Educ Behav 2004;36(6):315-9.
  • Vatandaþ NÞ, Tarcan A, Özbek N, Gürakan B. Altý aylýk 6.
  • çocuklarda beslenme þekli ile hemoglobin düzeyi iliþkisi. Çocuk Saðlýðý ve Hastalýklarý Dergisi 2005;48(1):221-5.
  • Eker A, Yurdakul M. Annelerin bebek beslenmesi ve emzirmeye iliþkin bilgi ve uygulamalarý. STED 7. 2006;15(9):158-63.
  • Gökçay G. Yaþamýn ilk 2 yýlýnda çocuk saðlýðý ve bakýmý. 1. Baský: Saga Yayýnlarý, Ýstanbul, 2008. 8.
  • Guelinckx I, Devlieger R, Bogaerts A, Pauwels, S, Vansant, G. The effect of pre-pregnancy BMI on 9.
  • intention, initiation and duration of breast-feeding. Public Health Nutrition 2012;15(5):840-8.
  • D e m i r h a n F. S a k a r y a i l i n d e e m z i r m e n i n deðerlendirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ýstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1997.
  • study. Pediatrics 2001;108(3):E66.
  • Taveras EM, Capra AM, Brevans PA, Jenvold NG, 45. Danowsk L, Gargiula L. Selections from current Escobar GJ, Lieu TA. Clinician support and psychosocial risk factors associated with breastfeeding discontinuation. Pediatrics 2003;112(1Pt1):108-15.
  • Demirtaþ D. Emzirmeyi etkileyen kültürel deðerler. literature. Attitudes and practices regarding the introduction of solid foods to infants. Fam Pract 2002;19(6):698-702.
  • Samur G. Anne sütü. T.C. Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Temel Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005.
  • Saðlýk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüðü Beslenme ve Fiziksel Aktiviteler Daire Baþkanlýðý. 1. Baský: Klasmat Matbaacýlýk, Ankara, 2008:13-20.
  • Dinç S. Þanlýurfa merkezde bulunan 4 numaralý saðlýk ocaðý'na kayýtlý 0-1 yaþýnda çocuða sahip olan annelerin çocuklarýnýn bakýmýnda uyguladýklarý geleneksel uygulamalar. Hemþirelikte Araþtýrma Geliþtirme Dergisi 2005;1(2):53-63.
  • Gökçay G. 99 sayfada bebek beslenmesi. 1. Baský: Türkiye Ýþ Bankasý Kültür Yayýnlarý, Ýstanbul, 2007.
  • Dubois L, Girard M. Social inequalities in infant feeding during the first year of life. The longitudinal study of child development in Quebec (LSCDQ 1998–2002). Public Health Nutrition 2003;6(8):773- 83.
  • breastfeeding mothers from a periurban community in South Africa. J Hum Lact 2005;21(1):31-8.
  • Lande B, Andersen LF, Baerug A, Trygg KU, Lund- 31. Sacco LM, Caulfield LE, Gittelsohn J, Martinez H. The Larsen K, Veierİd MB, Bjİrneboe GE. Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life: The Norwegian infant feeding survey. Acta Paediatrica 2003;92(2):152-61.
  • Eðri, G. Tokat ili bir saðlýk ocaðý bölgesindeki 15-49 yaþ grubu evli kadýnlarýn doðum sonu dönemde bebek bakýmýna yönelik geleneksel uygulamalarý. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Sivas: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Saðlýk Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2006.
  • Turan M, Coþkun A, Gökçay G. Doðum sonrasý erken dönemde doðru teknik ile emzirmenin tek baþýna anne sütü ile beslenme süresi üzerine etkisi. Ýstanbul Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi Dergisi 2000;63(3):286-92.
  • Özsoy SA, Katabi V. A comparison of traditional practices used in pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period among women in Turkey and Iran. Midwifery 2008;24(3):291-300. YAZIÞMA ADRESÝ Mine GÖKDUMAN
  • Tarabya Aile Saðlýðý Merkezi, ÝSTANBUL, TÜRKÝYE
  • Geçkil E, Sahin T, Ege E. Traditional postpartum practices of women and infants and the factors influencing such practices in South Eastern Turkey. Midwifery 2009;25(1):62-71.
  • E-Posta : minegkdmn@hotmail.com
  • Ingram J, Johnson D, Greenwood R. Breastfeeding in Bristol: teaching good positioning and support from fathers and families. Midwifery 2002;18(2):87-101.
  • Hanson LA. Protective effects of breastfeeding against Geliþ Tarihi
  • Kabul Tarihi : 01.04.2013
  • u r i n a r y t r a c t i n f e c t i o n . A c t a P a e d i a t r i c a 2004;93(2):154-6.
  • WHO/UNICEF. Global strategy for infant and young child feeding. Geneva, 2003.
  • Schack-Nielsen L, Michaelsen KF. Breast feeding and future health. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2006;9(3):289-96.
  • Hoyer S, Pokorn, D. The influence of various factors on b r e a s t - f e e d i n g i n S l o v e n i a . J A d v N u r s 1998;27(6):1250-6.
  • Açýk Y, Dinç E, Benli S, Tokdemir M. Elazýð ilinde yaþayan 0-2 yaþ grubu çocuðu olan kadýnlarýn bebek beslenmesi ve anne sütü konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve uygulamalarý. Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatri Dergisi 1999;8(2):53-6.
  • Ertem IO, Votto N, Leventhal JM. The timing and predictors of the early termination of breastfeeding. Pediatrics 2001; 107(3):543-8.
  • Biltekin Ö, Boran ÖD, Denkli MD, Yalçýnkaya S. Naldöken saðlýk ocaðý bölgesinde 0–11 aylýk bebeði olan annelerin doðum öncesi dönem ve bebek bakýmýnda geleneksel uygulamalarý. STED 2004;13(5):166-8.
  • McCann MF, Baydar N, Williams RL. Breastfeeding attitudes and reported problems in a national sample of WIC participants. J Hum Lact 2007;23(4):314-24.
  • Marques NM, Lira PI, Lima MC, da Silva NL, Filho MB, Huttly SR, Ashworth A. Breastfeeding and early weaning practices in northeast Brazil: A longitudinal
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA63PS85GP
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mine Gökduman This is me

Nevin Akdolun Balkaya This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Gökduman M, Balkaya NA (April 1, 2013) Traditional Practices of Mothers to Improve Breast Milk Production During Postpartum 6 Months. Meandros Medical And Dental Journal 14 1 31–41.