Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Different Dental Materials to Bovine Enamel Used as Trauma Splints

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 7 - 12, 30.03.2023

Zeynep Şahin Emine Şen Tunç

Abstract

Objective: This research aimed to measure the shear bond strength (SBS) of different dental materials to bovine enamel, while using them as splints for two different time periods.
Materials and Methods: Bovine incisor enamel sections were randomly divided into 10 groups based on test material and surface pretreatment. Each group was further split into 2 subgroups based on the length of the splinting period. Trauma splint materials (Gradia Direct Anterior Composite Resin, Gradia Core, Vertise Flow, Riva Light-Cure) were applied to enamel surfaces using one of two modes of a universal adhesive [etch-and-rinse (E&R) or self-etch (SE)] according to the manufacturers’ instructions or with no pre-treatment [self-adhering (SA)]. At the end of splinting period, SBS of samples were evaluated with a universal testing machine, and data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey’s, and paired t-tests.
Results: SBS values for each of the trauma splint materials were significantly higher when used with an E&R protocol as compared to an SE or SA protocol. Moreover, SBS values for Vertise Flow and Riva Light Cure used with an SA protocol were significantly lower than those of all other groups tested (p<0.05).
Conclusion: All the materials tested may be considered appropriate for use as a trauma splint except for Vertise Flow and Riva Light Cure when applied using an SA protocol.

Keywords

Bond strength , dental material , trauma splint

References

• 1. Petti S, Glendor U, Andersson L. World traumatic dental injury prevalence and incidence, a meta-analysis-One billion living people have had traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34: 71-86.
• 2. Andreasen JO. Etiology and pathogenesis of traumatic dental injuries. A clinical study of 1.298 cases. Scandinavian J Dent Res 1970; 78: 329-42.
• 3. von Arx T. Splinting of traumatized teeth with focus on adhesive techniques. J Calif Dent Assoc 2005; 33: 409-14.
• 4. Oikarinen KS. Splinting of traumatized teeth. In: Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L, editors. Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth. 4th ed. Copenhagen: Blackwell Publishing, 2007: 842-51.
• 5. Oikarinen K. Functional fixation for traumatically luxated teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1987; 3: 224-8.
• 6. International Dental Association of Dental Traumatology (2012) Available from: https://www.iadt-dentaltrauma.org/1-9%20%20 IADT%20GUIDELINES%20Combined%20-%20LR%20-%2011-5- 2013.pdf. Accessed 01 September 2019.
• 7. Quirynen M. The clinical meaning of the surface roughness and the surface-free energy of intra-oral hard substrata on the microbiology of the supra- and subgingival plaque: results of in vitro and in vivo experiments. J Dent 1994; 22: S13-6.
• 8. Quirynen M, Bollen CM. The influence of surface roughness and surface-free energy on supra- and subgingival plaque formation in man. A review of the literature. J Clin Periodontol 1995; 22: 1-14.
• 9. Bishara SE, Trulove TS. Comparisons of different debonding techniques for ceramic brackets: an in vitro study. Part II. Findings and clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 1990; 98: 263-73.
• 10. Hu JY, Heithersay G. An evaluation of alternate splinting adhesives in the management of dental trauma. Aust Dent J 2011; 56: S16-7.
• 11. Kahler B, Hu JY, Marriot-Smith CS, Heithersay GS. Splinting of teeth following trauma: a review and a new splinting recommendation. Aust Dent J 2016; 61 Suppl 1: 59-73.
• 12. Krithikadatta J, Gopikrishna V, Datta M. CRIS Guidelines (Checklist for Reporting In-vitro Studies): A concept note on the need for standardized guidelines for improving quality and transparency in reporting in-vitro studies in experimental dental research. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17: 301-4.
• 13. Imai A, Takamizawa T, Sai K, Tsujimoto A, Nojiri K, Endo H, et al. Influence of application method on surface free-energy and bond strength of universal adhesive systems to enamel. Eur J Oral Sci 2017; 125: 385-95.
• 14. Cehreli ZC, Lakshmipathy M, Yazici R. Effect of different splint removal techniques on the surface roughness of human enamel: a three-dimensional optical profilometry analysis. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24: 177-82.
• 15. Powers JM, Finger WJ, Xie J. Bonding of composite resin to contaminated human enamel and dentin. J Prosthodont 1995; 4: 28- 32.
• 16. Lührs AK, Guhr S, Schilke R, Borchers L, Geurtsen W, Günay H. Shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to enamel with additional phosphoric acid etching. Oper Dent 2008; 33: 155-62.
• 17. Poggio C, Scribante A, Della Zoppa F, Colombo M, Beltrami R, Chiesa M. Shear bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives to enamel: effect of acid pretreatment. Dent Traumatol 2014; 30: 43-8.
• 18. Giovannetti A, Goracci C, Vichi A, Chieffi N, Polimeni A, Ferrari M. Post retentive ability of a new resin composite with low stress behaviour. J Dent 2012; 40: 322-8.
• 19. Jung JH, Park SH. Comparison of polymerization shrinkage, physical properties, and marginal daptation of flowable and restorative bulk fill resin-based composites. Oper Dent 2017; 42: 375-86.
• 20. Sadek FT, Monticelli F, Goracci C, Tay FR, Cardoso PE, Ferrari M. Bond strength performance of different resin composites used as core materials around fiber posts. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 95-9.
• 21. Bayrak S, Sen TE, Tuloglu N. The effects of surface pretreatment on the microleakage of resin-modified glass-ionomer cement restorations. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 36: 279-84.
• 22. Wang L, Sakai VT, Kawai ES, Buzalaf MA, Atta MT. Effect of adhesive systems associated with resin-modified glass ionomer cements. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33: 110-6.
• 23. Yap AU, Tan AC, Goh AT, Goh DC, Chin KC. Effect of surface treatment and cement maturation on the bond strength of resinmodified glass ionomers to dentin. Oper Dent 2003; 28: 728-33.