In Vitro Cytogenotoxic Profile and In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Levetiracetam in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Line

Year 2025, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 232 - 239, 22.09.2025

Mehmet Tahir Hüsunet , Batuhan Bilgin

https://doi.org/10.69601/meandrosmdj.1623741

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objective: Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) commonly used to control epilepsy seizure activity. There are studies elucidating the potential risks of LEV in vitro, in vivo or in the treatment of different diseases depending on the amelioration of damage at the protein level or cytogenotoxicity. The aim of our study was to determine the in vitro cytogenotoxic effects of LEV and its molecular mechanism of action by in silico analysis.
Materials and Methods: SH-SY5Y cell line was cultured under standard conditions (37°C, 5% CO₂). CCK-8 kit was used to determine the cytotoxic effect. Genotoxicity potential was elucidated by Comet assay. Molecular mechanism of action was proposed by in silico molecular docking analysis.
Results: The cytotoxic effect of LEV was observed only at the lowest dose (1 µM). While the rate of damaged cells did not change in the Comet assay, there was a statistical difference in the genetic damage index. In silico results showed that the binding affinity of LEV to BDNA was weakly strong while it was strong to DNAPolβ.
Conclusion: LEV did not show cytotoxic effect (except the lowest dose) on SH-SY5Y cell line but it was found to have genotoxic effect.

Keywords

Cytogenotoxicity , Levetiracetam , SH-SY5Y , Comet Assay , Molecular Docking

SH-SY5Y Nöroblastom Hücre Hattında Levetirasetamın In Vitro Sitogenotoksik Profili ve In Silico Moleküler Docking Analizi

Abstract

Amaç: Levetirasetam (LEV), epilepsi nöbet aktivitesini kontrol etmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir antiepileptik ilaçtır (AEİ). LEV ile ilgili in vitro, in vivo veya farklı hastalıkların tedavisinde protein seviyesindeki hasarın iyileştirilmesine veya sitogenotoksisiteye bağlı potansiyel risklerini açıklayan çalışmalar vardır. Çalışmamızın amacı, LEV'in in vitro sitogenotoksik etkilerini ve in silico analiz ile moleküler etki mekanizmasını belirlemektir.
Materyal ve Yöntemler: SH-SY5Y hücre hattı standart koşullar altında (37°C, %5 CO₂) kültüre edilmiştir. Sitotoksik etkiyi belirlemek için CCK-8 kiti kullanılmıştır. Genotoksisite potansiyeli Comet testi ile aydınlatılmıştır. Moleküler etki mekanizması in silico moleküler docking analizi ile önerilmiştir.
Sonuçlar: LEV'in sitotoksik etkisi sadece en düşük dozda (1 µM) gözlenmiştir. Comet deneyinde hasarlı hücre oranı değişmezken, genetik hasar indeksinde istatistiksel bir fark vardı. In silico sonuçları LEV'in BDNA'ya bağlanma afinitesinin zayıf, DNAPolβ'ya ise güçlü olduğunu göstermiştir.
Sonuçlar: LEV, SH-SY5Y hücre hattı üzerinde sitotoksik etki göstermemiştir (en düşük doz hariç) ancak genotoksik etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Sitogenotoksisite , Levetirasetam , SH-SY5Y , Comet Assay , Moleküler Docking

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