Evaluation of Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Nanohybrid Resin Composites with Different Photoinitiator Systems After Staining and Home/Office Bleaching: An In Vitro Study

Year 2025, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 240 - 247, 22.09.2025

Fatma Yılmaz , Buse Kesgin

https://doi.org/10.69601/meandrosmdj.1646560

Abstract

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of different photoinitiator systems-based nanohybrid resin composites after staining and home or office bleaching.
Materials and Methods: A total of 80 resin-based composite (RBC) discs with lucirin-TPO (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent) or champhoroquinon (CQ) (Grandio, Voco) were preperad (8x2mm). At baseline, post-coffee staining (12 days/37°C), and bleaching, color values (ΔE*Lab) using spectrophotometre and surface roughness (Ra) by profilometer were measured. Hydrogen peroxide gel 35% (Whiteness HP, FGM) for office bleaching and carbamide peroxide gel 16% (Whiteness Perfect, FGM) for home bleaching were used. One sample of each groups was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD, dependent t-test and non-parametric tests (p<0.05).
Results: CQ-based RBC/home group moved closer to return to baseline color (p=0.016). Home bleaching provided more effective bleaching than office bleaching on tested composites (p<0.05). surface roughness of CQ-based RBC/home significantly increased compared to baseline (p=0.038). Ra values of tested composites exceeded the threshold value (0.2 μm) after both home and office bleaching.
Conclusion: The home bleaching effectively bleached CQ-based RBC, while simultaneously leading to an increase in surface roughness. It is believed that the lucirin-TPO photoinitiator system due to its enhancing effect on polymerization, may increase the resistance to surface roughness caused by bleaching.

Keywords

color stability , surface roughness , resin composite , camphorquinone , lucirin-TPO , bleaching

Ethical Statement

Since this in vitro study was conducted using commercially purchased resin composite materials and bleaching agents, and no extracted teeth were used, ethics committee approval is not required.

Supporting Institution

None.

Thanks

The authors thank Tugba Baygar for her contributions to the SEM analysis.

Farklı fotobaşlatıcılı nanohibrit kompozit rezinlerin renklenme ve ev/ofis tipi ağartma sonrası renk stabilitesi ve yüzey pürüzlülüğünün değerlendirilmesi: Bir in vitro çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışma, renklenme ve ev/ofis tipi ağartma sonrası farklı fotobaşlatıcılı nanohibrit kompozit rezinlerin renk stabilitesi ve yüzey pürüzlülüğünü değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Lucirin-TPO (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent) veya kamforokinon (CQ) (Grandio, Voco) içeren toplamda 80 adet kompozit rezin disk hazırlandı (8x2mm). Başlangıçta, kahve ile renklendirme (12 gün/37°C) ve ağartma sonrasında, renk değerleri (ΔE*Lab) spektrofotometre ile; yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Ra) profilometre ile ölçüldü. Ofis tipi beyazlatma için %35 hidrojen peroksit jeli (Whiteness HP, FGM) ve ev tipi beyazlatma için %16 karbamid peroksit jeli (Whiteness Perfect, FGM) kullanıldı. Her gruba ait birer örnek taramalı elektron mikroskobu altında değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analizler, tek yönlü ANOVA ile Tukey HSD testi, bağımlı t-testi ve non-parametrik testler kullanılarak yapıldı (p<0,05).
Bulgular: CQ bazlı kompozit/ev tipi ağartma grubu, başlangıç renk seviyesine daha çok yaklaştı (p=0,016). Test edilen kompozitler üzerinde ev tipi ağartma ajanı, ofis tipi ajandan daha etkili beyazlatma sağladı (p<0,05). CQ bazlı kompozit/ev tipi beyazlatma grubunun yüzey pürüzlülüğünde başlangıca göre anlamlı bir artış gözlendi (p=0,038). Her iki beyazlatma sonrasında test edilen kompozitlerin Ra değerleri eşik değeri (0,2 μm) aştı.
Sonuç: Ev tipi ağartma, CQ bazlı kompoziti daha etkili bir şekilde ağartırken, aynı zamanda yüzey pürüzlülüğünde artışa neden olmuştur. Lucirin-TPO fotobaşlatıcı sisteminin polimerizasyonu arttırıcı etkisi nedeniyle, ağartmanın neden olduğu yüzey pürüzlülüğüne karşı direnci arttırabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

renk stabilitesi , yüzey pürüzlülüğü , kompozit rezin , kamforokinon , lucirin-TPO , ağartma

Ethical Statement

Bu in vitro çalışma, ticari olarak satın alınan kompozit rezin malzemeleri ve beyazlatma ajanları kullanılarak yapılmış olup, herhangi bir çekilmiş diş kullanılmamıştır, bu nedenle etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.

Supporting Institution

Yok.

Thanks

Yazarlar, SEM analizindeki katkılarından dolayı Tuğba Baygar'a teşekkür eder.

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