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Comparative Analysis of Radiologic Outcomes and Mechanical Complications Associated with Four Different Proximal Femoral Nail Designs

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 169 - 174, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.1497843

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to retrospectively assess the efficacy of four commonly used Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) designs in the surgical treatment of hip fractures, focusing on factors that influence patient outcomes.

Patients and Methods: We evaluated 220 patients treated for extracapsular hip fractures with different PFN designs from January 1, 2017, to January 1, 2023. We reviewed patient demographics, comorbidities, anesthesia type, operative details, and postoperative radiographs.

Results: A cohort of 220 patients was analyzed. Of these, 138 were female, and 82 were male. Patients were divided into four groups based on the type of PFN used. Group 1 (double lag screw PFN) had the best radiological outcomes with superior reduction quality and fewer complications. The groups showed no significant differences in terms of age, gender, type of anesthesia, or comorbidities. However, Group 3 (Intertan PFN) had a lower tip-apex distance, and Group 1 showed the fewest complications overall.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the use of PFN with double lag screws in extracapsular hip fractures is associated with superior fracture reduction, fewer complications, and a lower incidence of nonunion.

References

  • 1. Li AB, Zhang WJ, Wang J, Guo WJ, Wang XH, Zhao YM. Intramedullary and extramedullary fixations for the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures: a meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials. Int Orthop. 2017;41(2):403-13. doi: 10.1007/s00264-016-3308-y.
  • 2. Koyuncu Ş, Altay T, Kayalı C, Ozan F, Yamak K. Mechanical failures after fixation with proximal femoral nail and risk factors. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:1959-65. doi: 10.2147/cia.S96852.
  • 3. Ballal MS, Emms N, Thomas G. Proximal femoral nail failures in extracapsular fractures of the hip. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2008;16(2):146-9. doi: 10.1177/230949900801600203.
  • 4. Sevinç HF, Cirpar M, Canbeyli ID, Dağlar B, Oktas B, Durusoy S. Comparison of functional outcomes in patients fixed with dynamic hip screw and proximal femur nail-anti-rotation in A1 and A2 type intertrochanteric femur fractures. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2020;26(5):811-7. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2020.39888.
  • 5. Singh S. Proximal Femoral Nail versus Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation: Functional and Radiological Outcome in Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur. Cureus. 2021;13(10):e19093. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19093.
  • 6. Yadav S, Dakshinamoorthy R. Comparison of Twin Screw Derotation Type Versus Single Helical Blade Type Cephalomedullary Nail in Trochanteric Fractures in Geriatric Population. Cureus. 2022;14(11):e31557. doi: 10.7759/cureus.31557.
  • 7. Shah MR, Shah MM, Shah IM, Shah KR. Surgical and Functional Outcomes of the Results of Conventional Two-Screw Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) Versus Helical-Blade Anti-rotation Proximal Femoral Nail (PFNA2). Cureus. 2023;15(8):e43698. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43698.
  • 8. Kürüm H, Tosun HB, Aydemir F, Ayas O, Orhan K, Key S. Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Talon Intramedullary Nail and Intertan Nail. Cureus. 2023;15(12):e50877. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50877.
  • 9. Yapıcı F, Üçpunar H, Gür V, Onaç O, Alpay Y, Karaköse R, et al. Functional and radiological comparison of three cephalomedullary nails with different designs used in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures of elderly. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2022;28(5):668-77. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2020.80733.
  • 10. Yalın M, Golgelioglu F, Key S. Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures: A Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Results with the Proximal Femoral Intramedullary Nail (PROFIN), the Anti-Rotation Proximal Femoral Nail (A-PFN), and the InterTAN Nail. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;59(3):559. doi: 10.3390/medicina59030559.
  • 11. Davidson A, Giannoudis PV. Failure of Fixation in Trochanteric Hip Fractures: Does Nail Design Matter? J Orthop Trauma. 2023;37(10s):S26-s32. doi: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002665.
  • 12. Bonnaire F, Weber A, Bösl O, Eckhardt C, Schwieger K, Linke B. ["Cutting out" in pertrochanteric fractures--problem of osteoporosis?]. Unfallchirurg. 2007;110(5):425-32. doi: 10.1007/s00113-007-1248-0.
  • 13. Lenich A, Bachmeier S, Prantl L, Nerlich M, Hammer J, Mayr E, et al. Is the rotation of the femoral head a potential initiation for cutting out? A theoretical and experimental approach. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:79. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-79.
  • 14. Strauss EJ, Kummer FJ, Koval KJ, Egol KA. The "Z-effect" phenomenon defined: a laboratory study. J Orthop Res. 2007;25(12):1568-73. doi: 10.1002/jor.20457.

Dört Farklı PFN Tasarımı ile Tedavi Edilen Kalça Kırıklarının Radyolojik Sonuçlarının ve Mekanik Komplikasyonlarının Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 169 - 174, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.1497843

Abstract

Amaç: Bu retrospektif gözlemsel kohort çalışması, ekstrakapsüler kalça kırığı ameliyatı geçiren hastalarda dört farklı Proksimal Femoral Çivi (PFN) tasarımının etkinliğini değerlendirmek ve hasta sonuçlarını etkileyen faktörleri araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Hastalar ve Yöntemler: 1 Ocak 2017'den 1 Ocak 2023'e kadar farklı PFN tasarımları ile ekstrakapsüler kalça kırığı nedeniyle tedavi edilen 220 hasta değerlendirildi. Hasta demografisi, komorbiditeler, anestezi tipi, ameliyat detayları ve ameliyat sonrası radyografiler incelendi.

Bulgular: 220 hastadan retrospektif analiz edildi. Bu hastaların 138'i kadın, 82'si erkekti. Hastalar kullanılan PFN tipine göre dört gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1(çift lag vadalı PFN), en iyi radyolojik sonuçlara sahip olup, daha iyi redüksiyon kalitesi ve en az komplikasyon ile öne çıktı. Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, anestezi türü veya komorbiditeler açısından anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi. Ancak Grup 3 (İntertan PFN), daha düşük tip-apeks mesafesine sahipti ve Grup 1 genel olarak en az komplikasyona sahiptir.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma, ekstrakapsüler kalça kırıklarının tedavisinde çift lag vidalı PFN kullanımının daha iyi kırık redüksiyonu, daha az komplikasyon ve daha düşük kaynamama oranı ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • 1. Li AB, Zhang WJ, Wang J, Guo WJ, Wang XH, Zhao YM. Intramedullary and extramedullary fixations for the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures: a meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials. Int Orthop. 2017;41(2):403-13. doi: 10.1007/s00264-016-3308-y.
  • 2. Koyuncu Ş, Altay T, Kayalı C, Ozan F, Yamak K. Mechanical failures after fixation with proximal femoral nail and risk factors. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:1959-65. doi: 10.2147/cia.S96852.
  • 3. Ballal MS, Emms N, Thomas G. Proximal femoral nail failures in extracapsular fractures of the hip. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2008;16(2):146-9. doi: 10.1177/230949900801600203.
  • 4. Sevinç HF, Cirpar M, Canbeyli ID, Dağlar B, Oktas B, Durusoy S. Comparison of functional outcomes in patients fixed with dynamic hip screw and proximal femur nail-anti-rotation in A1 and A2 type intertrochanteric femur fractures. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2020;26(5):811-7. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2020.39888.
  • 5. Singh S. Proximal Femoral Nail versus Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation: Functional and Radiological Outcome in Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur. Cureus. 2021;13(10):e19093. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19093.
  • 6. Yadav S, Dakshinamoorthy R. Comparison of Twin Screw Derotation Type Versus Single Helical Blade Type Cephalomedullary Nail in Trochanteric Fractures in Geriatric Population. Cureus. 2022;14(11):e31557. doi: 10.7759/cureus.31557.
  • 7. Shah MR, Shah MM, Shah IM, Shah KR. Surgical and Functional Outcomes of the Results of Conventional Two-Screw Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) Versus Helical-Blade Anti-rotation Proximal Femoral Nail (PFNA2). Cureus. 2023;15(8):e43698. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43698.
  • 8. Kürüm H, Tosun HB, Aydemir F, Ayas O, Orhan K, Key S. Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Talon Intramedullary Nail and Intertan Nail. Cureus. 2023;15(12):e50877. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50877.
  • 9. Yapıcı F, Üçpunar H, Gür V, Onaç O, Alpay Y, Karaköse R, et al. Functional and radiological comparison of three cephalomedullary nails with different designs used in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures of elderly. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2022;28(5):668-77. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2020.80733.
  • 10. Yalın M, Golgelioglu F, Key S. Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures: A Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Results with the Proximal Femoral Intramedullary Nail (PROFIN), the Anti-Rotation Proximal Femoral Nail (A-PFN), and the InterTAN Nail. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;59(3):559. doi: 10.3390/medicina59030559.
  • 11. Davidson A, Giannoudis PV. Failure of Fixation in Trochanteric Hip Fractures: Does Nail Design Matter? J Orthop Trauma. 2023;37(10s):S26-s32. doi: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002665.
  • 12. Bonnaire F, Weber A, Bösl O, Eckhardt C, Schwieger K, Linke B. ["Cutting out" in pertrochanteric fractures--problem of osteoporosis?]. Unfallchirurg. 2007;110(5):425-32. doi: 10.1007/s00113-007-1248-0.
  • 13. Lenich A, Bachmeier S, Prantl L, Nerlich M, Hammer J, Mayr E, et al. Is the rotation of the femoral head a potential initiation for cutting out? A theoretical and experimental approach. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:79. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-79.
  • 14. Strauss EJ, Kummer FJ, Koval KJ, Egol KA. The "Z-effect" phenomenon defined: a laboratory study. J Orthop Res. 2007;25(12):1568-73. doi: 10.1002/jor.20457.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Orthopaedics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fatih Günaydın 0000-0003-1770-0276

İdris Demirtaş 0000-0002-7418-4207

Öner Kılınç 0000-0001-5119-3701

Bülent Sakarya 0000-0002-5000-4478

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date June 14, 2024
Acceptance Date September 5, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Günaydın F, Demirtaş İ, Kılınç Ö, Sakarya B. Comparative Analysis of Radiologic Outcomes and Mechanical Complications Associated with Four Different Proximal Femoral Nail Designs. Acta Med. Alanya. 2024;8(3):169-74.

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