Arsenik Metabolizması ve Arsenolipid Biyosentezi

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 83 - 88, 30.09.2019

Mısra Bakan

Abstract

Metal ile ametal arasında bir özelliğe sahip olan
arsenik yerkabuğunda en çok bulunan elementlerden biri olup organik ve
inorganik formlara sahiptir. Arsenik toksisitesi, kimyasal forma, ortam
derişimine ve türe bağlı olarak değişirken arsenit (As⁺³) ve arsenat
(As⁺⁵) gibi inorganik formları hayvansal organizmalar için toksik ve
kanserojen etkiye sahiptir. Doğal süreçler ve antropojenik etkiler sonucu doğada
yüksek derişimlerde bulunan arsenik, biyolojik sistemlerde metilasyon süreci
ile ya da organik bileşiklerle kompleks oluşturarak organoarsenikaller haline
dönüştürülebilen doğal bir detoksifikasyon mekanizmasına sahiptir. Arseniğin
organik formları ile makromoleküllerinin inorganik arsenik türlerine göre daha
az toksik olduğu bilinmektedir. Bir organoarsenikal türü olan arsenolipitlerin
biyosentezi, arsenit metabolitlerinin doğal oluşumuna dayanır ve bu yoldaki tüm
ara maddeler algal kökenlidir.

Bu derlemede; arsenikin kaynakları, kimyasal formları,
biyolojik sistemlerde arsenik metabolizması ve arsenolipid biyosentezi ile
toksik etkileri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Arsenik, sucul ekosistemler, toksisite

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