Cats with systemic ınflammatory response syndrome: granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio in hypothermia and hyperthermia conditions

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 295 - 298, 31.08.2024

Ramazan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.24880/meditvetj.1541523

Abstract

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a conceptual framework developed to underscore the significance of systemic inflammation activation in precipitating organ dysfunction in cases of sepsis. This study endeavors to explore the interplay between hyperthermia, hypothermia, and the granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (G/L) in feline patients diagnosed with SIRS. A total of 25 cats positive for SIRS were included in the study. The groups were determined as G1: ≤37.8 °C (n=8), G2: ≥39.7 °C (n=11) and G3: ≥40.0 °C (n=6). The G/L ratio has no statistical difference was found between G1 and G2, but G3 was found to have a statistically higher G/L ratio than G1 and G2. In conclusion, our findings suggest a potential association between temperature dysregulation and altered G/L ratios in feline SIRS cases. These results contribute to our understanding of the inflammatory response in cats and may inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

cats, granulocyte-lymphocyte ratio, SIRS

References

• Brady, C.A., Otto, C.M., Van, Winkle., T.J., King, L.G. (2000). Severe sepsis in cats: 29 cases (1986–1998). J Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 217(4), 531-535. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2000.217.531.
• Buonacera, A., Stancanelli, B., Colaci, M., Malatino, L. (2022). Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: an emerging marker of the relationships between the immune system and diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23,3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073636
• Chakraborty, R.K., Burns, B. (2023). Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. (In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID: 31613449.
• Chapman, K.E. Glucocorticoids and immunity. In: Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases. Edinburgh: Elsevier; (2018). p. 112–20. 10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.66151-2
• de Jager, C.P., van Wijk, P.T., Mathoera, R.B., de Jongh‐Leuvenink, J., van der Poll, T., Wever, P.C. (2010). Lymphocytopenia and neutrophil‐lymphocyte count ratio predict bacteremia better than conventional infection markers in an emergency care unit. Critical care (London, England). (14), 192. 10.1186/cc9309
• Gori, E., Pierini, A., Lippi, I., Lubas, G., Marchetti, V. (2021). Leukocytes Ratios in Feline Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis: A Retrospective Analysis of 209 Cases. Animals (Basel). 1,11(6),1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061644.
• Hodgson, N., Llewellyn, E.A., Schaeffer, D.J. (2018). Utility and Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Dogs with Septic Peritonitis. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 54(6),351-359. https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6808
• Hosseini, S., Gharedaghi, H., Hassannezhad, S., Sadeghvand, S., Maghari, A., Dastgiri, S., Talebi, M., Khanzadeh, S. (2022). The Impact of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Febrile Seizures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BioMed Research International. 11,8472795. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8472795.
• Huang, Z., Fu, Z., Huang, W., Huang, K. (2020). Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in sepsis: A meta-analysis. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 38, 641–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2019.10.023
• Hwang, S.Y., Shin, T.G., Jo, I.J., Jeon, K., Suh, G., Lee, T.R., Yoon, H., Cha, W.C., Sim, M.S. (2017). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker in critically-ill septic patients. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 35(2),234-239. 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.10.055
• Lanziotti, V.S., Póvoa, P., Soares, M., Silva, J.R., Barbosa, A.P., Salluh, J.I. (2016). Use of biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: literature review. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva. 28(4), 472–482. https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507X.20160080
• Margaryan, S., Hyusyan, A., Martirosyan, A., Sargsian, S., Manukyan, G. (2017). Differential modulation of innate immune response by epinephrine and estradiol. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva. 30,1–9. 10.1515/hmbci-2016-0046
• Oncel, M.Y., Ozdemir, R., Yurttutan, S., Canpolat, F.E., Erdeve, O., Oguz, S.S., Uras, N., Dilmen, U. (2012). Mean platelet volume in neonatal sepsis. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis. 6(6):493-496. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.21552
• Purvis, D., Kirby, R. (1994). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome: septic shock. Vet Clin North Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. (24),1225–1247. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0195-5616(94)50136-0
• Zahorec, R. (2021). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, past, present and future perspectives. Bratislava Medical Journal. 122,474–88. https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2021_078