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Antipsychotic Drugs and Peripheral Edema: A Review

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 39 - 43, 28.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.734181

Abstract

Antipsychotics have been used for many years in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, sedation, weight gain, arrhythmia are some of the side effects of antipsychotics. Peripheral edema is another important side effect of antipsychotics. Peripheral edema, which can be defined as the presence of more fluid than normally required in the interstitial space, has been reported to be associated with both first-generation antipsychotics and second-generation antipsychotics. Supersensitivity and vasodilation, dose-response relationship, rate of dose escalation and allergic reaction models have been created to explain the possible mechanisms of this side effect. The differential diagnosis of this side effect, which impairs patient comfort, and determination of possible risk factors is important. These patients should be handled with a multidisciplinary approach and should not be late in the intervention. Patients and their relatives should be warned against this side effect.

References

  • 1. Walker MD. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances: Interpretation and assessment. J Infus Nurs. 2016;39(6):382-6.
  • 2. Kear TM. Fluid and electrolyte management across the age continuum. Nephrol Nurs J. 2017;44(6):491-6.
  • 3. Allen SJ. Fluid therapy and outcome: balance is best. J Extra Corpor Technol. 2014;46(1):28-32.
  • 4. Akaishi T, Takahashi T, Nakashima I, Abe M, Aoki M, Ishii T. Osmotic pressure of serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with suspected neurological conditions. Neural Regen Res. 2020;15(5):944-7.
  • 5. Grada AA, Phillips TJ. Lymphedema: Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(6):1009-20.
  • 6. Schroth BE. Evaluation and management of peripheral edema. JAAPA. 2005;18(11):29-34.
  • 7. Cho S, Atwood JE. Peripheral edema. Am J Med. 2002;113(7):580-6.
  • 8. Halperin AK, Cubeddu LX. The role of calcium channel blockers in the treatment of hypertension. Am Heart J. 1986;111:363-82.
  • 9. Thomas ML, Lloyd SJ. Pulmonary edema associated with rosiglitazone and troglitazone. Ann Pharmacother. 2001;35:123-4.
  • 10. Orum MH, Han-Almis B, Karaca HT. Rapid onset of pedal edema associated with risperidone in two male patients: Simultaneous clinical cases. J Mood Disord. 2017;7(4):237-40.
  • 11. Han-Almis B, Orum MH. Olanzapine-induced bilateral pedal and pretibial edema. Med Sci. 2019;8(2):462-3.
  • 12. Örüm MH, Kara MZ. Zuklopentiksol dekanoat uzun etkili depo enjeksiyon kullanımına bağlı yüz ve periferik ödem: Bir olgu sunumu. Med J West Black Sea. 2019;3(1):26-9.
  • 13. Ozen ME, Orum MH, Kalenderoglu A, Egilmez OB. Quetiapine-induced priapism. Med Sci. 2018;7(2):426-7.
  • 14. Aksoy I, Orum MH. Haloperidol decanoate-induced acneiform eruption: A case report. Med Sci. 2018;7(3):707-8.
  • 15. Ozen ME, Orum MH, Kalenderoglu A. Possible hiccup-inducing mechanism of aripiprazole: a case report. Adıyaman Üni Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. 2018;4(0):58-62.
  • 16. Örüm MH, Kara MZ. Oral risperidon kullanımına bağlı şiddetli hipoglisemi: Bir olgu sunumu. Bozok Tıp Derg. 2019;9(1):164-6.
  • 17. Hudepohl NS, Nasrallah HA. Antipsychotic drugs. Handb Clin Neurol. 2012;106:657-67.
  • 18. Siafis S, Tzachanis D, Samara M, Papazisis G. Antipsychotic drugs: From receptor-binding profiles to metabolic side effects. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2018;16(8):1210-23.
  • 19. Örüm MH. Ketiapin kullanımı ile ilişkili olabilecek lökopeni: Bir olgu sunumu. Aegean J Med Sci. 2019;2:74-6.
  • 20. Örüm MH, Eğilmez OB. Şizofreni tanılı bir hastada elektrokonvülsif tedavi ve paliperidon ile başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilen Cotard sendromu: Bir olgu sunumu. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2020;25(2):108-10.
  • 21. Orum MH, Han-Almis B. Hyponatremia during treatment with the clozapine-amisulpride combination: A suspected association and improvement with dose reduction. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences. 2019;2(32):171-4.
  • 22. Nucifora FC Jr, Mihaljevic M, Lee BJ, Sawa A. Clozapine as a model for antipsychotic development. Neurotherapeutics. 2017;14(3):750-61.
  • 23. Munshi S, Mukherjee S, Saha I, Sen S. Pedal edema associated with atypical antipsychotics. Indian J Pharmacol. 2016;48(1):88-90.
  • 24. Katz IR, Jeste DV, Mintzer JE, Clyde C, Napolitano J, Brecher M. Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioral disturbances associated with dementia: A randomized, double-blind trial. Risperidone Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60:107-15.
  • 25. Ng B, Postlethwaite A, Rollnik J. Peripheral oedema in patients taking olanzapine. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003;18:57-9.
  • 26. Sengupta G, Bhowmick S, Hazra A, Datta A, Rahaman M. Adverse drug reaction monitoring in psychiatry out-patient department of an Indian teaching hospital. Indian J Pharmacol. 2011;43:36-9.
  • 27. Chen HJ, Lin ST, Hsu HC, Cheng KD, Tsang HY. Paliperidone-related peripheral edema: A case report and review of the literature. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;34:269-71.
  • 28. Umar MU, Abdullahi AT. Self-limiting Atypical Antipsychotics-induced Edema: Clinical Cases and Systematic Review. Indian J Psychol Med. 2016;38(3):182-8.
  • 29. Tamam L, Ozpoyraz N, Unal M. Oedema associated with risperidone. A case report and literature review. Clin Drug Invest. 2002;22:411-4.
  • 30. Kores Plesnicar B, Vitorovic S, Zalar B, Tomori M. Three challenges and a rechallenge episode of angio-oedema occurring in treatment with risperidone. Eur Psychiatry. 2001;16:506-7.

Antipsikotik İlaçlar ve Periferik Ödem: Bir Derleme

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 39 - 43, 28.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.734181

Abstract

Antipsikotikler, şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk gibi çeşitli psikiyatrik bozuklukların tedavisinde uzun yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Distoni, tardif diskinezi, akatizi, sedasyon, kilo artışı, aritmi antipsikotiklerin bazı yan etkilerindendir. Periferik ödem antipsikotiklerin bir diğer önemli yan etkisidir. İnterstisyel alanda normalde bulunması gerekenden daha fazla sıvı bulunması olarak tanımlanabilecek periferik ödemin hem birinci kuşak antipsikotikler hem de ikinci kuşak antipsikotiklerle ilişkisi bildirilmiştir. Bu yan etkinin olası mekanizmalarını açıklamak için aşırı duyarlılık ve vazodilatasyon, doz-cevap ilişkisi, doz artırım hızı ve alerjik reaksiyon modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Hasta konforunu bozan bu yan etkinin ayırıcı tanısı ve olası risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu hastalar, multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla ele alınmalı ve müdahalede geç kalınmamalıdır. Hasta ve yakınlarının bu yan etkiye karşı uyarılması gerekmektedir.

References

  • 1. Walker MD. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances: Interpretation and assessment. J Infus Nurs. 2016;39(6):382-6.
  • 2. Kear TM. Fluid and electrolyte management across the age continuum. Nephrol Nurs J. 2017;44(6):491-6.
  • 3. Allen SJ. Fluid therapy and outcome: balance is best. J Extra Corpor Technol. 2014;46(1):28-32.
  • 4. Akaishi T, Takahashi T, Nakashima I, Abe M, Aoki M, Ishii T. Osmotic pressure of serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with suspected neurological conditions. Neural Regen Res. 2020;15(5):944-7.
  • 5. Grada AA, Phillips TJ. Lymphedema: Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(6):1009-20.
  • 6. Schroth BE. Evaluation and management of peripheral edema. JAAPA. 2005;18(11):29-34.
  • 7. Cho S, Atwood JE. Peripheral edema. Am J Med. 2002;113(7):580-6.
  • 8. Halperin AK, Cubeddu LX. The role of calcium channel blockers in the treatment of hypertension. Am Heart J. 1986;111:363-82.
  • 9. Thomas ML, Lloyd SJ. Pulmonary edema associated with rosiglitazone and troglitazone. Ann Pharmacother. 2001;35:123-4.
  • 10. Orum MH, Han-Almis B, Karaca HT. Rapid onset of pedal edema associated with risperidone in two male patients: Simultaneous clinical cases. J Mood Disord. 2017;7(4):237-40.
  • 11. Han-Almis B, Orum MH. Olanzapine-induced bilateral pedal and pretibial edema. Med Sci. 2019;8(2):462-3.
  • 12. Örüm MH, Kara MZ. Zuklopentiksol dekanoat uzun etkili depo enjeksiyon kullanımına bağlı yüz ve periferik ödem: Bir olgu sunumu. Med J West Black Sea. 2019;3(1):26-9.
  • 13. Ozen ME, Orum MH, Kalenderoglu A, Egilmez OB. Quetiapine-induced priapism. Med Sci. 2018;7(2):426-7.
  • 14. Aksoy I, Orum MH. Haloperidol decanoate-induced acneiform eruption: A case report. Med Sci. 2018;7(3):707-8.
  • 15. Ozen ME, Orum MH, Kalenderoglu A. Possible hiccup-inducing mechanism of aripiprazole: a case report. Adıyaman Üni Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. 2018;4(0):58-62.
  • 16. Örüm MH, Kara MZ. Oral risperidon kullanımına bağlı şiddetli hipoglisemi: Bir olgu sunumu. Bozok Tıp Derg. 2019;9(1):164-6.
  • 17. Hudepohl NS, Nasrallah HA. Antipsychotic drugs. Handb Clin Neurol. 2012;106:657-67.
  • 18. Siafis S, Tzachanis D, Samara M, Papazisis G. Antipsychotic drugs: From receptor-binding profiles to metabolic side effects. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2018;16(8):1210-23.
  • 19. Örüm MH. Ketiapin kullanımı ile ilişkili olabilecek lökopeni: Bir olgu sunumu. Aegean J Med Sci. 2019;2:74-6.
  • 20. Örüm MH, Eğilmez OB. Şizofreni tanılı bir hastada elektrokonvülsif tedavi ve paliperidon ile başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilen Cotard sendromu: Bir olgu sunumu. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2020;25(2):108-10.
  • 21. Orum MH, Han-Almis B. Hyponatremia during treatment with the clozapine-amisulpride combination: A suspected association and improvement with dose reduction. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences. 2019;2(32):171-4.
  • 22. Nucifora FC Jr, Mihaljevic M, Lee BJ, Sawa A. Clozapine as a model for antipsychotic development. Neurotherapeutics. 2017;14(3):750-61.
  • 23. Munshi S, Mukherjee S, Saha I, Sen S. Pedal edema associated with atypical antipsychotics. Indian J Pharmacol. 2016;48(1):88-90.
  • 24. Katz IR, Jeste DV, Mintzer JE, Clyde C, Napolitano J, Brecher M. Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioral disturbances associated with dementia: A randomized, double-blind trial. Risperidone Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60:107-15.
  • 25. Ng B, Postlethwaite A, Rollnik J. Peripheral oedema in patients taking olanzapine. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003;18:57-9.
  • 26. Sengupta G, Bhowmick S, Hazra A, Datta A, Rahaman M. Adverse drug reaction monitoring in psychiatry out-patient department of an Indian teaching hospital. Indian J Pharmacol. 2011;43:36-9.
  • 27. Chen HJ, Lin ST, Hsu HC, Cheng KD, Tsang HY. Paliperidone-related peripheral edema: A case report and review of the literature. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;34:269-71.
  • 28. Umar MU, Abdullahi AT. Self-limiting Atypical Antipsychotics-induced Edema: Clinical Cases and Systematic Review. Indian J Psychol Med. 2016;38(3):182-8.
  • 29. Tamam L, Ozpoyraz N, Unal M. Oedema associated with risperidone. A case report and literature review. Clin Drug Invest. 2002;22:411-4.
  • 30. Kores Plesnicar B, Vitorovic S, Zalar B, Tomori M. Three challenges and a rechallenge episode of angio-oedema occurring in treatment with risperidone. Eur Psychiatry. 2001;16:506-7.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Review
Authors

Mehmet Hamdi Örüm 0000-0002-4154-0738

Publication Date July 28, 2020
Acceptance Date June 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Örüm MH. Antipsikotik İlaçlar ve Periferik Ödem: Bir Derleme. Med Records. July 2020;2(2):39-43. doi:10.37990/medr.734181

17741

Chief Editors

Assoc. Prof. Zülal Öner
Address: İzmir Bakırçay University, Department of Anatomy, İzmir, Türkiye

Assoc. Prof. Deniz Şenol
Address: Düzce University, Department of Anatomy, Düzce, Türkiye

E-mail: medrecsjournal@gmail.com

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