Long Term Comparison of Hamstring Tendon Autograft and Tibialis Anterior Tendon Allograft Use in ACL Reconstruction

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 152 - 158, 16.05.2024

Zeki Günsoy Abdullah Yalçın Tabak Mustafa Dinç Ömer Cevdet Soydemir

https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1396427

Abstract

Aim: In the early 2000s, the optimal graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction was a subject of uncertainty. Today, autografts have become the gold standard in this procedure. Aim of this study is to contribute to the existing knowledge by conducting a comprehensive comparison of the long-term clinical outcomes between hamstring allografts and anterior tibialis tendon allografts (ATT) in the context of ACL reconstruction.
Material and Method: This study was conducted based on individuals who were operated on with the diagnosis of symptomatic ACL rupture 10 years ago. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo ACL reconstruction using either hamstring autografts or anterior tibialis allografts. All allografts were procured from a single tissue bank, underwent aseptic processing, and were fresh-frozen without terminal irradiation. Patient assessments included questionnaires based on the Lysholm knee scoring scale (LKSS) and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee score. Objective functional tests, such as the Lachman test and pivot-shift, were performed, accompanied by a comprehensive physical examination of the knee.
Results: A total of 60 patients, comprising 58 males and 2 females, with a mean age of 29.48±6.2, were included in the study. Predominant symptoms reported were pain and giving-way phenomena. Significantly different LKSS values were observed between the preoperative and postoperative periods for both anterior tibialis allograft and hamstring autograft patients (p<0.001). Similarly, a significant difference was noted in the preoperative and postoperative IKDC scores for all patients (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on our research findings, both the hamstring autograft and allograft methods demonstrate success in improving LKSS and IKDC scores for patients undergoing ACL repair surgery. Notably, the autograft group exhibits a more pronounced improvement compared to the allograft group.

Keywords

Lysholm knee scoring scale, International Knee Documentation Committee score, autograft, allograft, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Ethical Statement

Approval from Ankara Bilkent City Hospital 2nd Ethics Commitee

Supporting Institution

No

Project Number

E2-23-4869

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