Examination of Pain, Quality of Life, Disability, and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Surgery with and without COVID-19

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 178 - 183, 16.05.2024

Aydın Sinan Apaydın , Rüveyda Korkmazer , Musa Güneş , Zuhal Koç Apaydın , Bülent Bozyiğit , Abdullah Taçyıldız , Cevat Akıncı , Gizem Meral Atiş , Ömer Aydın

https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1419116

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine pain, disability, anxiety, and quality of life in patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation (LDH) surgery with and without COVID-19.
Material and Method: Eighty patients who were diagnosed with LDH and planned surgery between March and September 2023 were included in the study. 50% of the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 for at most six months, according to the positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. 50% of the patients had no symptoms of COVID-19, ranging from mild to severe, and the PCR test was negative (-). The patients' pain level, disability, anxiety, and quality of life were evaluated and compared between the groups with and without COVID.
Results: The mean scores of physical roles, physical function, mental health, body pain, and social function on the SF-36 quality of life scale in the LDH+COVID-19 (+) patient group were significantly lower than those in LDH+COVID-19 (-) (p<0.05). Additionally, a statistically significant difference was observed between pain, anxiety, and disability levels in favor of the LDH+COVID-19 (+) patient group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 undergoing LDH surgery have poor quality of life with high levels of anxiety, pain, and disability. Therefore, it is important to consider the current results during the postoperative rehabilitation process.

Keywords

Lumbar disc , COVID-19 , anxiety , quality of life , pain

Ethical Statement

2023/1293

Supporting Institution

no

References

• Amin RM, Andrade NS, Neuman BJ. Lumbar disc herniation. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2017;10:507-16.
• Somma F, Negro A, D'Agostino V, et al. COVID-19 and low back pain: previous infections lengthen recovery time after intradiscal ozone therapy in patients with herniated lumbar disc. Radiol Med. 2022;127:673-80.
• Deyo RA, Mirza SK. CLINICAL PRACTICE. Herniated lumbar intervertebral disk. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:1763-72.
• Sarı S, Aydoğan M. Bel ağrısının önemli bir sebebi: lomber disk hernisi. Totbid Dergisi. 2015;14:298-304.
• Murphy K, Muto M, Steppan J, et al. Treatment of contained herniated lumbar discs with ozone and corticosteroid: a pilot clinical study. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2015;66:377-84.
• Miyoshi S, Sekiguchi M, Konno S, et al. Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in dorsal root ganglion exposed to nucleus pulposus on the nerve root in rats. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011;36:E1-6.
• Giurazza F, Guarnieri G, Murphy KJ, Muto M. Intradiscal O2O3: rationale, injection technique, short- and long-term outcomes for the treatment of low back pain due to disc herniation. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2017;68:171-7.
• Smith BJ, Lim MH. How the COVID-19 pandemic is focusing attention on loneliness and social isolation. Public Health Res Pract. 2020;30:3022008.
• Killgore WDS, Cloonan SA, Taylor EC, Dailey NS. Loneliness: a signature mental health concern in the era of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res. 2020;290:113117.
• Karayannis NV, Baumann I, Sturgeon JA, Melloh M, Mackey SC. The impact of social isolation on pain interference: a longitudinal study. Ann Behav Med. 2019;53:65-74.
• Karos K, McParland JL, Bunzli S, et al. The social threats of COVID-19 for people with chronic pain. Pain. 2020;161:2229-35.
• Chaturvedi SK. Health anxiety, health-related life events, and somatization during COVID-19 pandemic can increase chronic pain. Pain. 2020;161:2652.
• Nandasena HMRKG, Pathirathna ML, Atapattu AMMP, Prasanga PTS. Quality of life of COVID 19 patients after discharge: systematic review. PLoS One. 2022;17:e0263941.
• Ferreira LN, Pereira LN, da Fé Brás M, Ilchuk K. Quality of life under the COVID-19 quarantine. Qual Life Res. 2021;30:1389-405.
• Ware JE Jr. SF-36 health survey update. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25:3130-9.
• Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The oswestry disability index. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25:2940-52.
• Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893-7.
• Şahin T, Ayyildiz A, Gencer-Atalay K, et al. Pain Symptoms in COVID-19. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2021;100:307-12.
• Bailly F, Genevay S, Foltz V, et al. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on low back pain intensity in chronic low back pain patients: results of the multicenter CONFI-LOMB study. Eur Spine J. 2022;31:159-66.
• San AU, Kesikburun S, Tezel K. The effect of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with chronic low back pain who underwent a spine intervention. Pain Physician. 2021;24:319-25.
• Papalia GF, Petrucci G, Russo F, et al. COVID-19 pandemic increases the impact of low back pain: a systematic review and metanalysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:4599.
• Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:1729.
• Erdogdu Y, Koçoğlu F, Sevim C. An investigation of the psychosocial and demographic determinants of anxiety and hopelessness during COVID-19 pandemic. J Clin Psy. 2020;23:24-37.
• Öztürk O, Özer Kaya D. Effect of COVID-19 on musculoskeletal system. İKÇÜSBFD. 2020;5:179-82.
• Moore JE. Chronic low back pain and psychosocial issues. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2010;21:801-15.
• Arts MP, Kols NI, Onderwater SM, Peul WC. Clinical outcome of instrumented fusion for the treatment of failed back surgery syndrome: a case series of 100 patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012;154:1213-7.
• Falavigna A, Righesso O, Teles AR, et al. Depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale applied preoperatively in spinal surgery. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2012;70:352-6.
• Celestin J, Edwards RR, Jamison RN. Pretreatment psychosocial variables as predictors of outcomes following lumbar surgery and spinal cord stimulation: a systematic review and literature synthesis. Pain Med. 2009;10:639-53.
• Abbott AD, Tyni-Lenné R, Hedlund R. Leg pain and psychological variables predict outcome 2-3 years after lumbar fusion surgery. Eur Spine J. 2011;20:1626-34.
• Strøm J, Bjerrum MB, Nielsen CV, et al. Anxiety and depression in spine surgery-a systematic integrative review. Spine J. 2018;18:1272-85.
• Dunn LK, Durieux ME, Fernández LG, et al. Influence of catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression on in-hospital opioid consumption, pain, and quality of recovery after adult spine surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;28:119-26.
• Dündar Ü, Solak Ö, Demirdal ÜS, et al. Kronik bel ağrılı hastalarda ağrı, yeti yitimi ve depresyonun yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisi. Genel Tıp Dergisi. 2019;19:99-104.
• Keeley P, Creed F, Tomenson B, et al. Psychosocial predictors of health-related quality of life and health service utilisation in people with chronic low back pain. Pain. 2008;135:142-50.
• Agnus Tom A, Rajkumar E, John R, Joshua George A. Determinants of quality of life in individuals with chronic low back pain: a systematic review. Health Psychol Behav Med. 2022;10:124-44.
• Veresciagina K, Ambrozaitis KV, Spakauskas B. Health-related quality-of-life assessment in patients with low back pain using SF-36 questionnaire. Medicina (Kaunas). 2007;43:607-13.
• Shanbehzadeh S, Tavahomi M, Zanjari N, et al. Physical and mental health complications post-COVID-19: scoping review. J Psychosom Res. 2021;147:110525.
• Malik P, Patel K, Pinto C, et al. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL)-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2022;94:253-62.
• Nagarajan M, Nair MR. Importance of fear-avoidance behavior in chronic non-specific low back pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2010;23:87-95.
• Kim TS, Pae CU, Hong CK, et al. Interrelationships among pain, disability, and psychological factors in young Korean conscripts with lumbar disc herniation. Mil Med. 2006;171:1113-6.
• Lee H, Hübscher M, Moseley GL, et al. How does pain lead to disability? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies in people with back and neck pain. Pain. 2015;156:988-97.